1the moſt ancient Inſtructions of Architects; and ſome
Methods to prevent the Miſchiefs of Lightning.
Methods to prevent the Miſchiefs of Lightning.
CHAP. XIII. Of Coverings, or Roofs of Curve Lines; of
Arches, their Difference and Conſtruction, and how to
ſet the Stones in an Arch.
Arches, their Difference and Conſtruction, and how to
ſet the Stones in an Arch.
CHAP. XIV. Of the ſeveral Sorts of Vaults, and wherein
they differ; of what Lines they are compoſed, and the
Method of letting them ſettle.
they differ; of what Lines they are compoſed, and the
Method of letting them ſettle.
CHAP. XV. Of the Shell of the Covering, and its Uſeful
neſs; the different Sorts and Shapes of Tiles, and what
to make them of.
neſs; the different Sorts and Shapes of Tiles, and what
to make them of.
CHAP. XVI. Of Pavements according to the Opinion of
Pliny and Vitruvius, and the Works of the Ancients;
and of the proper Seaſons for beginning, and finiſhing
the ſeveral Parts of Building.
Pliny and Vitruvius, and the Works of the Ancients;
and of the proper Seaſons for beginning, and finiſhing
the ſeveral Parts of Building.
BOOK IV.
CHAP. I. Of Works of a publick Nature. That all
Buildings, whether contrived for Neceſſity,
Conveniency, or Pleaſure, were intended for the Service
of Mankind. Of the ſeveral Diviſions of human Condi
tions, whence ariſes the Diverſity of Buildings.
Buildings, whether contrived for Neceſſity,
Conveniency, or Pleaſure, were intended for the Service
of Mankind. Of the ſeveral Diviſions of human Condi
tions, whence ariſes the Diverſity of Buildings.
CHAP. II. Of the Region, Place, and Conveniencies, and
Inconveniencies of a Situation for a City, according to
the Opinion of the Ancients, and that of the Author.
Inconveniencies of a Situation for a City, according to
the Opinion of the Ancients, and that of the Author.
CHAP. III. Of the Compaſs, Space and Bigneſs of a City,
of the Form and Diſpoſition of the Walls and Fortifica
tions, and of the Cuſtoms and Ceremonies obſerved by the
Ancients in making them out.
of the Form and Diſpoſition of the Walls and Fortifica
tions, and of the Cuſtoms and Ceremonies obſerved by the
Ancients in making them out.
CHAP. IV. Of Walls, Battlements, Towers, Corniſhes and
Gates, and the Timber-work belonging to them.
Gates, and the Timber-work belonging to them.
CHAP. VI. Of Bridges both of Wood and Stone, their pro
per Situation, their Piers, Arches, Angles, Feet, Key
ſtones, Cramps, Pavements, and Slopes.
per Situation, their Piers, Arches, Angles, Feet, Key
ſtones, Cramps, Pavements, and Slopes.
CHAP. I. Of Buildings for particular Perſons. Of the
Caſtles or Habitations of a King, or others;
their different Properties and Parts.
Caſtles or Habitations of a King, or others;
their different Properties and Parts.
CHAP. II. Of the Portico, Veſtibule, Court-yard, Hall,
Stairs, Lobbies, Apertures, Back-doors, concealed Paſſ
ages and private Apartments; and wherein the Houſes
of Princes differ from thoſe of private Men; as alſo of
the ſeparate and common Apartments for the Prince
and his Spouſe.
Stairs, Lobbies, Apertures, Back-doors, concealed Paſſ
ages and private Apartments; and wherein the Houſes
of Princes differ from thoſe of private Men; as alſo of
the ſeparate and common Apartments for the Prince
and his Spouſe.
CHAP. III. Of the Properties of the Portico, Lobby, Halls
both for Summer and Winter, Watch-Towers and of the
Difference between the Caſtle for a Tyrant, and the
Palace for a King.
both for Summer and Winter, Watch-Towers and of the
Difference between the Caſtle for a Tyrant, and the
Palace for a King.
CHAP. IV. Of the proper Situation, Structure and For
tification of a Fortreſs, whether in a Plain, or upon a
Hill, its Incloſure, Area, Walls, Ditches, Bridges, and
Towers.
tification of a Fortreſs, whether in a Plain, or upon a
Hill, its Incloſure, Area, Walls, Ditches, Bridges, and
Towers.
CHAP. V. Of thoſe Parts of the Fortreſs where the Soldiers
are to ſtand either to keep centinel, or to fight. Of the
covering Roof of the Fortreſs, and in what Manner it
is to be made ſtrong, and of the other Conveniencies ne
ceſſary in the Caſtle either of a King or a Tyrant.
are to ſtand either to keep centinel, or to fight. Of the
covering Roof of the Fortreſs, and in what Manner it
is to be made ſtrong, and of the other Conveniencies ne
ceſſary in the Caſtle either of a King or a Tyrant.
CHAP. VI. Of the ſeveral Parts of which the Republick
conſiſts. The proper Situation and Building for the
Houſes of thoſe that govern the Republick, and of the
Prieſts. Of Temples as well large as ſinall, Chapels
and Oratories.
conſiſts. The proper Situation and Building for the
Houſes of thoſe that govern the Republick, and of the
Prieſts. Of Temples as well large as ſinall, Chapels
and Oratories.
CHAP. VII. That the Prieſt's Camp is the Cloyſter; the
Duty of the Prieſt; the various Sorts of Cloyſiers and
their proper Situation.
Duty of the Prieſt; the various Sorts of Cloyſiers and
their proper Situation.
CHAP. X. That Incampments, or Lodgments for Soldiers
by Land are of three Sorts; in what Manner they are
to be fortified; and the various Methods uſed by diffe
rent Nations.
by Land are of three Sorts; in what Manner they are
to be fortified; and the various Methods uſed by diffe
rent Nations.
CHAP. XI. The moſt convenient Situation for a Camp,
and its Size, Form and various Parts; together with
the different Methods of attacking and defending a Camp
or other Fortification.
and its Size, Form and various Parts; together with
the different Methods of attacking and defending a Camp
or other Fortification.
CHAP. XII. Of Incampments or Stations at Sea, which
are Fleets; of Ships and their Parts; as alſo of Havens
and their proper Fortification.
are Fleets; of Ships and their Parts; as alſo of Havens
and their proper Fortification.
CHAP. XIII. Of the Commiſſaries, Chamberlains, publick
Receivers and the like Magiſtrates, whoſe Buſineſs is to
ſupply and preſide over the publick Granaries, Chambers
of Accounts, Arſenals, Marts, Docks and Stables; as
alſo of the three Sorts of Priſons, their Structures, Situ
ations, and Compartitions.
Receivers and the like Magiſtrates, whoſe Buſineſs is to
ſupply and preſide over the publick Granaries, Chambers
of Accounts, Arſenals, Marts, Docks and Stables; as
alſo of the three Sorts of Priſons, their Structures, Situ
ations, and Compartitions.
CHAP. XIV. Of private Houſes and their Differences;
as alſo of the Country Houſe, and the Rules to be obſerved
in its Situation and Structure.
as alſo of the Country Houſe, and the Rules to be obſerved
in its Situation and Structure.
CHAP. XV. That Country Houſes are of two Sorts; the
proper Diſpoſition of all their Members whether for the
Lodging of Men, Animals, or Tools for Agriculture
and other neceſſary Inſtruments,
proper Diſpoſition of all their Members whether for the
Lodging of Men, Animals, or Tools for Agriculture
and other neceſſary Inſtruments,
CHAP. XVI. That the Induſtry of the Farmer or Overſeer
ought to be employed as well about all Sorts of Animals,
as about the Fruits of the Earth; as alſo of the Con
ſtruction of the Threſhing-floor.
ought to be employed as well about all Sorts of Animals,
as about the Fruits of the Earth; as alſo of the Con
ſtruction of the Threſhing-floor.
CHAP. XVII. Of the Country Houſe for a Gentleman;
its various Parts, and the proper Diſpoſition of each of
thoſe Parts.
its various Parts, and the proper Diſpoſition of each of
thoſe Parts.
CHAP. XVIII. The Difference between the Country Houſe
and Town Houſe for the Rich. The Habitation of the
middling Sort ought to reſemble thoſe of the Rich; at
leaſt in Proportion to their Circumſtances. Buildings
ſhould be contrived more for Summer than for Winter.
and Town Houſe for the Rich. The Habitation of the
middling Sort ought to reſemble thoſe of the Rich; at
leaſt in Proportion to their Circumſtances. Buildings
ſhould be contrived more for Summer than for Winter.
BOOK VI.
CHAP. I. Of the Reaſon and Difficulty of the Author's
Undertaking, whereby it appears how much
Pains, Study and Application he has employed in writ
ing upon theſe Matters.
Undertaking, whereby it appears how much
Pains, Study and Application he has employed in writ
ing upon theſe Matters.
CHAP. II. Of Beauty and Ornament, their Effects and
Difference, that they are owing to Art and Exactneſs
of Proportion; as alſo of the Birth and Progreſs of Arts.
Difference, that they are owing to Art and Exactneſs
of Proportion; as alſo of the Birth and Progreſs of Arts.
CHAP. III. That Architecture began in Aſia, flouriſhed in
Greece, and was brought to Perfection in Italy.
Greece, and was brought to Perfection in Italy.
CHAP. IV. That Beauty and Ornament in every Thing
ariſe either ſrom Contrivance, or the Hand of the Arti
ficer, or from Nature; and that though the Region in
deed can hardly be improved by the Wit or Labour of
Man, yet many other Things may be done highly worthy
of Admiration, and ſcarcely credible.
ariſe either ſrom Contrivance, or the Hand of the Arti
ficer, or from Nature; and that though the Region in
deed can hardly be improved by the Wit or Labour of
Man, yet many other Things may be done highly worthy
of Admiration, and ſcarcely credible.