Galilei, Galileo - Mechanics

Galilei, Galileo, Mechanics, 1665

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ſhaving that leſs which weigheth moſt; and upon one of the Arms
note the terms to which the Counterpoiſes of ſimple Metals return
when they ſhall be weighed in the Water: taking care to weigh the
pureſt Metals that can be found. This being done, it remaineth
that we find out a way, how we may with facility diſcover the
proportion, according to which, the Diſtances between the terms
of the ſimple and pure Metals are divided by the Marks of the
Mixt Metals: Which ſhall be effected in this manner.

We are to have two very ſmall Wires drawn thorow the ſame
drawing-Iron, one of Steel, the other of Braſs, and above the
terms of the ſimple Metals we muſt wind the Steel Wyer; as for
example: above the point E, the term of the pure Gold, we are
to wind the Steel Wyer, and under it the other Braſs Wyre, and
having made ten folds of the Steel Wyer, we muſt make ten
more with that of Braſs, and thus we are to continue to do with
ten of Steel, and ten of Braſs, until that the whole Space be-
tween the points E and F, the terms of the pure Metals, be full;
cauſing thoſe two terms to be alwaies viſible and perſpicuous:
and thus the Diſtance E F ſhall be divided into many equal parts,
and numbred by ten and ten. And if at any time we would know
the proportion that is between F G and G E, we muſt count the
Wyers F G, and the Wyers G E: and finding the Wyers F G
to be, for example, 40, and the Wyers G E, 21: we will ſay that
there is in the mixt Metal 40 parts of Gold, and 21 of Silver. But
here you muſt note, that there is ſome difficulty in the counting,
for thoſe Wyers being very ſmall, as it is requiſite for exactneſs
ſake, it is not poſſible with the eye to tell them, becauſe the
ſmalneſs of the Spaces dazleth & confoundeth the Sight. Therefore
to number them with facility, take a Bodkin as ſharp as a Needle
and ſet it into an handle, or a very fine pointed Pen-knife, with
which we may eaſily run over all the ſaid Wyers, and this way
partly by help of hearing, partly by the impediments the hand
ſhall feel at every Wyer, thoſe Wyers ſhall be counted;
the number of which, as I ſaid before, ſhall give us the exact
quantity of the ſunple Metals, of which the Mixt-Metal is com-
pounded: taking notice that the Simple anſwer alternately to the
Diſtances. As for example, in a Mixture of Gold and Silver,
the Wyers that ſhall be towards the term of Gold ſhall ſhew us
the quantity of the Silver: And the ſame is to be underſtood of
other Metals.

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