Galilei, Galileo, Mechanics, 1665

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              ſhaving that leſs which weigheth moſt; and upon one of the Arms
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              note the terms to which the Counterpoiſes of ſimple Metals return
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              when they ſhall be weighed in the Water: taking care to weigh the
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              pureſt Metals that can be found. </s>
              <s>This being done, it remaineth
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              that we find out a way, how we may with facility diſcover the
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              proportion, according to which, the Diſtances between the terms
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              of the ſimple and pure Metals are divided by the Marks of the
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              Mixt Metals: Which ſhall be effected in this manner.</s>
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              <s>We are to have two very ſmall Wires drawn thorow the ſame
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              drawing-Iron, one of Steel, the other of Braſs, and above the
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              terms of the ſimple Metals we muſt wind the Steel Wyer; as for
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              example: above the point E, the term of the pure Gold, we are
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              to wind the Steel Wyer, and under it the other Braſs Wyre, and
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              having made ten folds of the Steel Wyer, we muſt make ten
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              more with that of Braſs, and thus we are to continue to do with
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              ten of Steel, and ten of Braſs, until that the whole Space be­
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              tween the points E and F, the terms of the pure Metals, be full;
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              cauſing thoſe two terms to be alwaies viſible and perſpicuous:
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              and thus the Diſtance E F ſhall be divided into many equal parts,
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              and numbred by ten and ten. </s>
              <s>And if at any time we would know
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              the proportion that is between F G and G E, we muſt count the
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              Wyers F G, and the Wyers G E: and finding the Wyers F G
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              to be, for example, 40, and the Wyers G E, 21: we will ſay that
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              there is in the mixt Metal 40 parts of Gold, and 21 of Silver. </s>
              <s>But
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              here you muſt note, that there is ſome difficulty in the counting,
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              for thoſe Wyers being very ſmall, as it is requiſite for exactneſs
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              ſake, it is not poſſible with the eye to tell them, becauſe the
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              ſmalneſs of the Spaces dazleth & confoundeth the Sight. </s>
              <s>Therefore
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              to number them with facility, take a Bodkin as ſharp as a Needle
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              and ſet it into an handle, or a very fine pointed Pen-knife, with
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              which we may eaſily run over all the ſaid Wyers, and this way
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              partly by help of hearing, partly by the impediments the hand
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              ſhall feel at every Wyer, thoſe Wyers ſhall be counted;
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              the number of which, as I ſaid before, ſhall give us the exact
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              quantity of the ſunple Metals, of which the Mixt-Metal is com­
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              pounded: taking notice that the Simple anſwer alternately to the
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              Diſtances. </s>
              <s>As for example, in a Mixture of Gold and Silver,
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              the Wyers that ſhall be towards the term of Gold ſhall ſhew us
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              the quantity of the Silver: And the ſame is to be underſtood of
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              other Metals.</s>
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