Galilei, Galileo, Discourse concerning the natation of bodies, 1663

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        <body>
          <chap>
            <pb pagenum="425"/>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg1436"/>
              The Authors
                <lb/>
              anſwer to the
                <lb/>
              fourth
                <lb/>
              ion.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg1437"/>
              Of Natation,
                <lb/>
              Lib. 1. Prop. </s>
              <s>7.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg1438"/>
              Of Natation,
                <lb/>
              Lib. </s>
              <s>1. Prop. </s>
              <s>4.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg1439"/>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Plato
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              denyeth
                <lb/>
              Poſitive
                <lb/>
              ty.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg1440"/>
              The Authors
                <lb/>
              defence of the
                <lb/>
              doctrine of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Plato
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
                <lb/>
              and the
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Ancients,
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
                <lb/>
              who abſolutely
                <lb/>
              deny Levity:</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg1441"/>
              According to
                <lb/>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Plato
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              there is no
                <lb/>
              Principle of the
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              Motion of
                <lb/>
              ſcent in Naturall
                <lb/>
              Bodies, ſave that
                <lb/>
              to the Centre.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg1442"/>
              No cauſe of
                <lb/>
              the motion of
                <lb/>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              A
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              cent, ſave the
                <lb/>
              Impulſe of the
                <lb/>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Medium,
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
                <lb/>
              ing the
                <lb/>
              able in
                <lb/>
              tie.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg1443"/>
              Bodies aſcend
                <lb/>
              much ſwifter in
                <lb/>
              the Water, than
                <lb/>
              in the Air.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg1444"/>
              All Bodies
                <lb/>
              cending through
                <lb/>
              Water, loſe
                <lb/>
              their Motion,
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              comming to the
                <lb/>
              confines of the
                <lb/>
              Air.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>And, howbeit, Experience ſhewes, that the Bodies, ſucceſſively
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1445"/>
                <lb/>
              leſs grave, do moſt expeditiouſly aſcend in water, it cannot be
                <lb/>
              ed, but that the Ignean Exhalations do aſcend more ſwiftly
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1446"/>
                <lb/>
              through the water, than doth the Air: which Air is ſeen by
                <lb/>
              ence to aſcend more ſwiftly through the Water, than the Fiery
                <lb/>
              lations through the Air: Therefore, we muſt of neceſſity conclude,
                <lb/>
              that the ſaid Exhalations do much more expeditiouſly aſcend through
                <lb/>
              the Water, than through the Air; and that, conſequently, they are
                <lb/>
              moved by the Impulſe of the Ambient
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Medium,
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              and not by an
                <lb/>
              ſick Principle that is in them, of avoiding the Centre of the Earth;
                <lb/>
              to which other grave Bodies tend.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg1445"/>
              The lighter
                <lb/>
              Bodies alſend
                <lb/>
              more ſwiftly
                <lb/>
              through Water.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg1446"/>
              Fiery
                <lb/>
              ons ascend
                <lb/>
              row the Water
                <lb/>
              more ſwiftly
                <lb/>
              than doth the
                <lb/>
              Air; & the Air
                <lb/>
              aſcends more
                <lb/>
              ſwiftly thorow
                <lb/>
              the Water, than
                <lb/>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              F
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              ire thorow the
                <lb/>
              Air.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>To that which for a finall concluſion,
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Signor Buonamico
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              produceth
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1447"/>
                <lb/>
              of going about to reduce the deſcending or not deſcending, to the
                <lb/>
              eaſie and uneaſie Diviſion of the
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Medium,
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              and to the predominancy
                <lb/>
              of the Elements: I anſwer, as to the firſt part, that that cannot in any
                <lb/>
              manner be admitted as a Cauſe, being that in none of the Fluid
                <lb/>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Mediums,
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              as the Air, the Water, and other Liquids, there is any
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1448"/>
                <lb/>
              Reſiſtance againſt Diviſion, but all by every the leaſt Force, are
                <lb/>
              vided and penetrated, as I will anon demonſtrate: ſo, that of ſuch
                <lb/>
              Reſiſtance of Diviſion there can be no Act, ſince it ſelf is not in
                <lb/>
              ing. </s>
              <s>As to the other part, I ſay, that the predominancy of the
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1449"/>
                <lb/>
              ments in Moveables, is to be conſidered, as far as to the exceſſe or
                <lb/>
              defect of Gravity, in relation to the
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Medium
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              : for in that Action,
                <lb/>
              the Elements operate not, but only, ſo far as they are grave or light:
                <lb/>
              therefore, to ſay that the Wood of the Firre ſinks not, becauſe Air
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              predominateth in it, is no more than to ſay, becauſe it is leſs grave
                <lb/>
              than the Water. </s>
              <s>Yea, even the immediate Cauſe, is its being leſs
                <lb/>
              grave than the Water: and it being under the predominancy of the
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1450"/>
                <lb/>
              Air, is the Cauſe of its leſs Gravity: Therefore, he that alledgeth the
                <lb/>
              predominancy of the Element for a Cauſe, brings the Cauſe of the
                <lb/>
              Cauſe, and not the neereſt and immediate Cauſe. </s>
              <s>Now, who knows
                <lb/>
              not that the true Cauſe is the immediate, and not the mediate?
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1451"/>
                <lb/>
              Moreover, he that alledgeth Gravity, brings a Cauſe moſt perſpicuous
                <lb/>
              to Sence: The cauſe we may very eaſily aſſertain our ſelves;
                <lb/>
              whether Ebony, for example, and Firre, be more or leſs grave than
                <lb/>
              water: but whether Earth or Air predominates in them, who ſhall
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg1452"/>
                <lb/>
              make that manifeſt? </s>
              <s>Certainly, no Experiment can better do it
                <lb/>
              than to obſerve whether they ſwim or ſink. </s>
              <s>So, that he who knows,
                <lb/>
              not whether ſuch a Solid ſwims, unleſs when he knows that Air
                <lb/>
              dominates in it, knows not whether it ſwim, unleſs he ſees it ſwim,
                <lb/>
              for then he knows that it ſwims, when he knows that it is Air that
                <lb/>
              predominates, but knows not that Air hath the predominance, unleſs
                <lb/>
              he ſees it ſwim: therefore, he knows not if it ſwims, till ſuch time
                <lb/>
              as he hath ſeen it ſwim.</s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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