Galilei, Galileo, Discourse concerning the natation of bodies, 1663

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THEOREME
And this Accident being common to all ſorts of Figures, without
exception
of ſo much as one.
Figure hath, therefore, no part
in
the production of this Effect, of ſometimes ſinking, and
times
again not ſinking, but only the being ſometimes conjoyned
to
, and ſometimes ſeperated from, the ſupereminent Air: which
cauſe
, in fine, who ſo ſhall rightly, and, as we ſay, with both his
Eyes
, conſider this buſineſs, will find that it is reduced to, yea, that
it
really is the ſame with, the true, Naturall and primary cauſe of
Natation
or Submerſion; to wit, the exceſs or deficiency of the
Gravity
of the water, in relation to the Gravity of that Solid
nitude
, that is demitted into the water.
For like as a Plate of Lead,
as
thick as the back of a Knife, which being put into the water by it
ſelf
alone goes to the bottom, if upon it you faſten a piece of Cork
four
fingers thick, doth continue afloat, for that now the Solid that
is
demitted in the water, is not, as before, more grave than the water,
but
leſs, ſo the Board of Ebony, of its own nature more grave than
water
; and, therefore, deſcending to the bottom, when it is
ted
by it ſelf alone into the water, if it ſhall be put upon the water,
conjoyned
with an Expanded vail of Air, that together with the
Ebony
doth deſcend, and that it be ſuch, as that it doth make with
it
a compound leſs grave than ſo much water in Maſs, as equalleth
the
Maſs already ſubmerged and depreſſed beneath the Levell of the
waters
Surface, it ſhall not deſcend any farther, but ſhall reſt, for
no
other than the univerſall and moſt common cauſe, which is that
Solid
Magnitudes, leſs grave inſpecie than the water, go not to the
bottom
.

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