Galilei, Galileo
,
Discourse concerning the natation of bodies
,
1663
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Bottom
of
Water
,
is
the
exceſſe
of
their
Gravity
,
above
the
Gravity
of
the
Water
;
and
on
the
contrary
,
the
exceſs
of
the
Waters
Gravity
above
the
Gravity
of
thoſe
,
is
the
Cauſe
that
others
do
not
deſcend
,
rather
that
they
riſe
from
the
Bottom
,
and
aſcend
to
the
Surface
.
This
was
ſubtilly
demonſtrated
by
Archimedes
in
his
Book
Of
the
NATATION
of
BODIES
:
Conferred
afterwards
by
a
very
grave
Author
,
but
,
if
I
erre
not
inviſibly
,
as
below
for
defence
of
him
,
I
ſhall
endeavour
to
prove
.
merſion
of
Sol
ids
in
the
Wa
ter.
I
,
with
a
different
Method
,
and
by
other
meanes,
will
endeavour
to
demonſtrate
the
ſame
,
reducing
the
Cauſes
of
ſuch
Effects
to
more
intrinſecall
and
immediate
Principles
,
in
which
alſo
are
diſco
vered
the
Cauſes
of
ſome
admirable
and
almoſt
incredible
Acci
dents,
as
that
would
be
,
that
a
very
little
quantity
of
Water
,
ſhould
be
able
,
with
its
ſmall
weight
,
to
raiſe
and
ſuſtain
a
Solid
Body
,
an
hundred
or
a
thouſand
times
heavier
than
it
.
And
becauſe
demonſtrative
Order
ſo
requires
,
I
ſhall
define
cer
tain
Termes
,
and
afterwards
explain
ſome
Propoſitions
,
of
which
,
as
of
things
true
and
obvious
,
I
may
make
uſe
of
to
my
preſent
pur
poſe.
DEFINITION
I
.
I
then
call
equally
Grave
in
ſpecie
,
thoſe
Matters
of
which
equall
Maſſes
weigh
equally
.
As
if
for
example
,
two
Balls
,
one
of
Wax
,
and
the
other
of
ſome
Wood
of
equall
Maſſe
,
were
alſo
equall
in
Weight
,
we
ſay
,
that
ſuch
Wood
,
and
the
Wax
are
in
ſpecie
equally
grave
.
DEFINITION
II.
But
equally
grave
in
Abſolute
Gravity
,
we
call
two
Sollids,
weighing
equally
,
though
of
Maſs
they
be
unequall.
As
for
example
,
a
Maſs
of
Lead
,
and
another
of
Wood
,
that
weigh
each
ten
pounds
,
I
call
equall
in
Abſolute
Gravity
,
though
the
Maſs
of
the
Wood
be
much
greater
then
that
of
the
Lead
.
And
,
conſequently
,
leſs
Grave
in
ſpecie
.
DEFINITION
III.
I
call
a
Matter
more
Grave
in
ſpecie
than
another
,
of
which
a
Maſs
, equall
to
a
Maſs
of
the
other
,
ſhall
weigh
more
.
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