Galilei, Galileo - The systems of the world

Galilei, Galileo, The systems of the world, 1661

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if not ſo, then the ſuppoſion of Ariſtotle is defective. It appears

moreover that Ariſtotle hinteth but one circular motion alone to
be in the World, and conſequently but one onely Center, to
which alone the motions of upwards and downwards, refer. All
which are apparent proofs, that Ariſtotles aim is, to make white
black, and to accommodate Architectur to the building, and not
to modle the building according to the precepts of Arthitecture:
for if I ſhould ſay that Nature in Univerſal may have a thou
ſand Circular Motions, and by conſequence a thouſand Cen
ters, there would be alſo a thouſand motions upwards, and
downwards. Again he makes as hath been ſaid, a ſimple motion,
and a mixt motion, calling ſimple, the circular and right; and
mixt, the compound of them two: of natural bodies he calls ſome
ſimple (namely thoſe that have a natural principle to ſimple mo
tion) and others compound: and ſimple motions he attributes
to ſimple bodies, and the compounded to the compound; but by
compound motion he doth no longer underſtand the mixt of right
and circular, which may be in the World; but introduceth a mixt
motion as impoſſible, as it is impoſſible to mixe oppoſite motions
made in the ſame right line, ſo as to produce from them a motion
partly upwards, partly downwards; and, to moderate ſuch an ab
ſurdity, and impoſſibility, he aſſerts that ſuch mixt bodies move

according to the ſimple part predominant: which neceſſitates
others to ſay, that even the motion made by the ſame right line is
ſometimes ſimple, and ſometimes alſo compound: ſo that the ſim
plicity of the motion, is no longer dependent onely on the ſim
plicity of the line.

The Helix about
the Cylinder may
be ſaid to be a ſim
ple line.

Ariſtotle accom
modates the rules of
Architecture to
the frame of the
World, and not the
frame to the rules.

Right motion, ſome
times ſimple, ard
ſometimes mixt ac
cording to Ariſt.

SIMPL. How? Is it not difference ſufficient, that the ſimple and
abſolute are more ſwift than that which proceeds from predomi
nion? and how much faſter doth a piece of pure Earth deſcend,
than a piece of Wood?

SAGR. Well, Simplicius; But put caſe the ſimplicity for this
cauſe was changed, beſides that there would be a hundred thou
ſand mixt motions, you would not be able to determine the ſim
ple; nay farther, if the greater or leſſe velocity be able to alter
the ſimplicity of the motion, no ſimple body ſhould move with a
ſimple motion; ſince that in all natural right motions, the veloci
ty is ever encreaſing, and by conſequence ſtill changing the ſimpli
city, which as it is ſimplicity, ought of conſequence to be immu
table, and that which more importeth, you charge Ariſtotle with
another thing, that in the definition of motions compounded, he
hath not made mention of tardity nor velocity, which you now
inſert for a neceſſary and eſſential point. Again you can draw
no advantage from this rule, for that there will be amongſt the
mixt bodies ſome, (and that not a few) that will move ſwiftly,

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