Galilei, Galileo, The systems of the world, 1661

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1by France, Spain, Italy, and ſail to Aleppo, which London, France,
Spain &c. ſtand ſtill, not moving with the ſhip: but as to the
Cheſts, Bales and other Parcels, wherewith the ſhip is ſtow'd and
and laden, and in reſpect of the ſhip it ſelf, the Motion from
don to Syria is as much as nothing; and nothing-altereth the
lation which is between them: and this, becauſe it is common to
all, and is participated by all alike: and of the Cargo which is in
the ſhip, if a Bale were romag'd from a Cheſt but one inch onely,
this alone would be in that Cargo, a greater Motion in reſpect of
the Cheſt, than the whole Voyage of above three thouſand miles,
made by them as they were ſtived together.
Motion, as to the
things that equally
move thereby, is as
of it never were, &
ſo far operates as it
hath relation to
things deprived of
motion.
SIMPL. This Doctrine is good, ſound, and altogether
patetick.
SALV. I hold it to be much more antient: and ſuſpect that A-

riſtotle in receiving it from ſome good School, did not fully
ſtand it, and that therefore, having delivered it with ſome
tion, it hath been an occaſion of confuſion amongſt thoſe, who
would defend whatever he ſaith.
And when he writ, that
ſoever moveth, doth move upon ſomething immoveable, I ſuppoſe
that he equivocated, and meant, that whatever moveth, moveth
in reſpect to ſomething immoveable; which propoſition admitteth
no doubt, and the other many.
A propoſition
ken by Ariſtotle
from the Antients,
but ſomewhat
tered by him.
SAGR. Pray you make no digreſſion, but proceed in the
ſertation you began.
SALV. It being therefore manifeſt, that the motion which is

common to many moveables, is idle, and as it were, null as to the
relation of thoſe moveables between themſelves, becauſe that
mong themſelves they have made no change: and that it is
rative onely in the relation that thoſe moveables have to other
things, which want that motion, among which the habitude is
changed: and we having divided the Univerſe into two parts, one
of which is neceſſarily moveable, and the other immoveable; for
the obtaining of whatſoever may depend upon, or be required
from ſuch a motion, it may as well be done by making the Earth
alone, as by making all the reſt of the World to move: for that
the operation of ſuch a motion conſiſts in nothing elſe, ſave in
the relation or habitude which is between the Cœleſtial Bodies,
and the Earth, the which relation is all that is changed.
Now if
for the obtaining of the ſame effect ad unguem, it be all one
ther the Earth alone moveth, the reſt of the Univerſe ſtanding
ſtill; or that, the Earth onely ſtanding ſtill, the whole Univerſe

moveth with one and the ſame motion; who would believe, that
Nature (which by common conſent, doth not that by many things,
which may be done by few) hath choſen to make an innumerable
number of moſt vaſt bodies move, and that with an unconceivable

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