Galilei, Galileo, The systems of the world, 1661

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              <s>
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              are of two kinds: ſome have reſpect to the accidents Terreſtrial,
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              without any relation to the Stars, and others are taken from the
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              Phænomena
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              and obſervations of things Cœleſtial. </s>
              <s>The arguments
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              of
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              Ariſtotle
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              are for the moſt part taken from things neer at hand,
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              and he leaveth the others to
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              Aſtronomers
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              ; and therefore it is the
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              beſt way, if you like of it, to examine theſe taken from
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              ments touching the Earth, and then proceed to thoſe of the other
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              kind. </s>
              <s>And becauſe
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              Ptolomy, Tycho,
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              and the other
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              Aſtronomers
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg278"/>
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              and
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              Philoſophers,
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              beſides the arguments of
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              Ariſtotle
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              by them
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              med, confirmed, and made good, do produce certain others; we
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              will put them all together, that ſo we may not anſwer twice to
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              the ſame, or the like objections. </s>
              <s>Therefore
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              Simplicius,
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              chooſe
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              whether you will recite them your ſelf, or cauſe me to eaſe you of
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              this task, for I am ready to ſerve you.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              Two kindes of
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              Arguments
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              ching the Earths
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              motion or rest.
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              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg278"/>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Arguments of
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              Ptolomy
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              and
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              cho,
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              and other
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              ſons, over and
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              bove thoſe of
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              ſtotle.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>SIMPL. </s>
              <s>It is better that you quote them, becauſe, as having
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              taken more pains in the ſtudy of them, you can produce them with
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              more readineſſe, and in greater
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg279"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              The firſt
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              ment taken from
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              grave bodies
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              ling from on high
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              to the ground.
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              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>SALV. All, for the ſtrongeſt reaſon, alledge that of grave
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              dies, which falling downwards from on high, move by a right line,
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              that is perpendicular to the ſurface of the Earth, an argument
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              which is held undeniably to prove that the Earth is immoveable:
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              for in caſe it ſhould have the diurnal motion, a Tower, from the
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              top of which a ſtone is let fall, being carried along by the
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              ſion of the Earth, in the time that the ſtone ſpends in falling, would
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              be tranſported many hundred yards Eaſtward, and ſo far diſtant
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              from the Towers foot would the ſtone come to ground. </s>
              <s>The
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              which effect they back with another experiment; to wit, by let­</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>
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              ting a bullet of lead fall from the round top of a Ship, that lieth at
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              anchor, and obſerving the mark it makes where it lights, which they
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              find to be neer the ^{*} partners of the Maſt; but if the ſame bullet
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg281"/>
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              be let fall from the ſame place when the ſhip is under ſail, it ſhall
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              light as far from the former place, as the ſhip hath run in the time
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              of the leads deſcent; and this for no other reaſon, than becauſe
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              the natural motion of the ball being at liberty is by a right line
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg282"/>
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              wards the centre of the Earth. </s>
              <s>They fortiſie this argument with
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              the experiment of a projection ſhot on high at a very great
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              ſtance; as for example, a ball ſent out of a Cannon, erected
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              pendicular to the horizon, the which ſpendeth ſo much time in
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              cending and falling, that in our parallel the Cannon and we both
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              ſhould be carried by the Earth many miles towards the Eaſt, ſo
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              that the ball in its return could never come neer the Peece, but
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              would fall as far Weſt, as the Earth had run Eaſt. </s>
              <s>They againe
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              adde a third, and very evident experiment,
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              ſcilicet,
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              that ſhooting a
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              bullet point blank (or as Gunners ſay, neither above nor under
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              tal) out of a Culverin towards the Eaſt, and afterwards another, </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
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    </archimedes>
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