Galilei, Galileo, The systems of the world, 1661

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    <archimedes>
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            <p type="main">
              <s>
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              each other, as in Elementary bodies; for that they depend not
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              on the primary qualities, cold and heat, which are contraries; but
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              on the more or leſs matter in proportion to quantity: now much
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              and little, ſpeak onely a relative oppoſition, that is, the leaſt of
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              oppoſitions, and which hath nothing to do with generation and
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              corruption.</s>
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            <p type="main">
              <s>SAGR. </s>
              <s>Therefore affirming, that denſity and rarity, which
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              mongſt the Elements ſhould be the cauſe of gravity and levity,
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              which may be the cauſes of contrary motions
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              ſurſùm
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              and
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              ſùm,
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              on which, again, dependeth the contrarieties for generation
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              and corruption; it ſufficeth not that they be thoſe denſneſſes and
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              rareneſſes which under the ſame quantity, or (if you will) maſs
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              contain much or little matter, but it is neceſſary that they be
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              neſſes and rareneſſes cauſed by the primary qualities, hot and
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              cold, otherwiſe they would operate nothing at all: but if this be
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              ſo,
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              Ariſtotle
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              hath deceived us, for that he ſhould have told it us at
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg93"/>
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              firſt, and ſo have left written that thoſe ſimple bodies are
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              rable and corruptible, that are moveable with ſimple motions
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              upwards and downwards, dependent on levity and gravity,
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              ſed by rarity and denſity, made by much or little matter, by
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              reaſon of heat and cold; and not to have ſtaid at the ſimple
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              tion
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              ſurſùm
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              and
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              deorſùm
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              : for I aſſure you that to the making
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              of bodies heavy or light, whereby they come to be moved with
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              contrary motions, any kind of denſity and rarity ſufficeth,
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              ther it proceed from heat and cold, or what elſe you pleaſe; for
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              heat and cold have nothing to do in this affair: and you ſhall
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              upon experiment find, that a red hot iron, which you muſt grant
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              to have heat, weigheth as much, and moves in the ſame manner
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              as when it is cold. </s>
              <s>But to overpaſs this alſo, how know you but
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              that Cœleſtial rarity and denſity depend on heat and cold?</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg93"/>
              Ariſtotle
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              defective
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              in aſſigning the
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              cauſes why the
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              ments are
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              ble & corruptible.
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              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>SIMPL. </s>
              <s>I know it, becauſe thoſe qualities are not amongſt
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              Cœleſtial bodies, which are neither hot nor cold.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>SALV. </s>
              <s>I ſee we are again going about to engulph our ſelves in
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              a bottomleſs ocean, where there is no getting to ſhore; for this
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              is a Navigation without Compaſs, Stars, Oars or Rudder: ſo that
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              it will follow either that we be forced to paſs from Shelf to Shelf,
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              or run on ground, or to ſail continually in danger of being loſt.
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              </s>
              <s>Therefore, if according to your advice we ſhall proceed in our
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              main deſign, we muſt of neceſſity for the preſent overpaſs this
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              general conſideration, whether direct motion be neceſſary in
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              ture, and agree with ſome bodies; and come to the particular
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              demonſtrations, obſervations and experiments; propounding in
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              the firſt place all thoſe that have been hitherto alledged by
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              ſtotle, Ptolomey,
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              and others, to prove the ſtability of the Earth,
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              deavouring in the next place to anſwer them: and producing in </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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