Galilei, Galileo, The systems of the world, 1661

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    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s>
                <pb xlink:href="065/01/070.jpg" pagenum="64"/>
              ſolar rays come: but it is true that by the vivacity of the light, the
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              ſaid image will appear fringed about with many rays, and ſo will
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              ſeem to occupie a far greater part of the plate, than really it doth.
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              </s>
              <s>And to ſhew that this is true, when you have noted the particular
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              place of the plate from whence the reflection cometh, and
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              ved likewiſe how great the ſhining place appeared to you, cover the
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              greater part of that ſame ſpace, leaving it only viſible about the
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              midſt; and all this ſhall not any whit diminiſh the apparent
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              dor to one that beholds it from afar; but you ſhall ſee it largely
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              diſpers'd upon the cloth or other matter, wherewith you covered
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              it. </s>
              <s>If therefore any one, by ſeeing from a good diſtance a ſmall
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              gilt plate to be all over ſhining, ſhould imagine that the ſame
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              would alſo even in a plate as broad as the Moon, he is no leſs
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              ceived, than if he ſhould believe the Moon to be no bigger than
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              the bottom of a tub. </s>
              <s>If again the plate were turn'd into a
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              rical ſuperficies, the reflection would be ſeen ſtrong in but one ſole
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              particle of it; but yet by reaſon of its livelineſs, it will appear
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              fringed about with many glittering rays: the reſt of the Ball would
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              appear according as it was burniſhed; and this alſo onely then
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg173"/>
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              when it was not very much poliſhed, for ſhould it be perfectly
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              brightned, it would appear obſcure. </s>
              <s>An example of this we
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              have dayly before our eyes in ſilver veſſels, which whilſt they are
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              only boyl'd in the
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Argol
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              and
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Salt,
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              they are all as white as ſnow, and
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              do not reflect any image; but if they be in any part burniſh'd, they
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              become in that place preſently obſcure: and in them one may ſee the
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              repreſentation of any thing as in Looking-glaſſes. </s>
              <s>And that
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              to obſcurity, proceeds from nothing elſe but the ſmoothing and
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              plaining of a fine grain, which made the ſuperficies of the ſilver
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              rough, and yet ſuch, as that it reflected the light into all parts,
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              whereby it ſeemed from all parts equally illuminated: which
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              ſmall unevenneſſes, when they come to be exquiſitely plained by
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              the burniſh, ſo that the reflection of the rays of incidence are all
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              directed unto one determinate place; then, from that ſame place,
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              the burniſh'd part ſhall ſhew much more bright and ſhining than
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              the reſt which is onely whitened by boyling; but from all other
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              places it looks very obſcure. </s>
              <s>And note, that the diverſity of
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg174"/>
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              ſights of looking upon burniſh'd ſuperficies, occaſioneth ſuch
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              difference in appearances, that to imitate and repreſent in picture,
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              v. </s>
              <s>g.
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              a poliſh'd Cuirace, one muſt couple black plains with white,
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              one ſideways to the other, in thoſe parts of the arms where the
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              light falleth equally.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg171"/>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Some write what
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              they underſtand
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              not, and therefore
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              underſtand not
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              what they write.
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg172"/>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Diamonds ground
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              to divers ſides, &
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              why.
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg173"/>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Silver burniſhed
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              appears more
                <lb/>
              ſcuee, than the not
                <lb/>
              burniſhed, & why.
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s>
                <margin.target id="marg174"/>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Burniſh'd Steel
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              beheld from one
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              place appears very
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              bright, and from
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              another, very
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              ſcure.
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>SAGR. </s>
              <s>If therefore theſe great Philoſophers would acquieſe
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              in granting, that the Moon,
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Venus
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              and the other Planets, were not
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              of ſo bright and ſmooth a ſurface as a Looking-glaſs, but wanted
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              ſome ſmall matter of it, namely, were as a ſilver plate, onely boyled </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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