4[Figure 4]CHAP. II. Of the firſt Occaſion of erecting Edifices;
of how many Parts the Art of Building conſiſts, and
what is neceſſary to each of thoſe Parts.
of how many Parts the Art of Building conſiſts, and
what is neceſſary to each of thoſe Parts.
CHAP. VI. Of ſome hidden Conveniencies and Inccnveni
encies of the Region which a wiſe Man ought to enquire
into.
encies of the Region which a wiſe Man ought to enquire
into.
CHAP. VIII. Of the Kinds of Platforms, their Forms and
Figures, and which are the moſt ſerviceable and laſting.
Figures, and which are the moſt ſerviceable and laſting.
CHAP. XI. Of the great Uſefulneſs of the Coverings both
to the Inhabitants and the other Parts of the Building,
and that being various in their Natures, they muſt be
made of various Sorts.
to the Inhabitants and the other Parts of the Building,
and that being various in their Natures, they muſt be
made of various Sorts.
CHAP. XII. Of the Apertures in the Building, that is to
ſay, of the Windows and Doors, and of thoſe which do
not take up the whole Thickneſs of the Wall, and their
Number and Sizes.
ſay, of the Windows and Doors, and of thoſe which do
not take up the whole Thickneſs of the Wall, and their
Number and Sizes.
CHAP. XIII. Of the Stair-caſes, and their different Sorts;
of Steps of the Stairs which ought to be in odd Numbers,
and how many. Of the Reſting-places, of the Tunnels
for carrying away the Smoke. Of Pipes and Conduits
for carrying off the Water, and of the proper placing of
Wells and Sinks.
of Steps of the Stairs which ought to be in odd Numbers,
and how many. Of the Reſting-places, of the Tunnels
for carrying away the Smoke. Of Pipes and Conduits
for carrying off the Water, and of the proper placing of
Wells and Sinks.
BOOK II.
CHAP. I. Treating of the Materials. That no Man
ought to begin a Building haſtily, but ſhould
firſt take a good deal of Time to conſider, and revolve in
his Mind all the Qualities and Requiſites of ſuch a Work:
And that he ſhould carefully review and examine, with
the Advice of proper Judges, the whole Structure in it
ſelf, and the Proportions and Meaſures of every diſtinct
Part, not only in Draughts or Paintings, but in actual
Models of Wood or ſome other Subſtance, that when he
has finiſhed his Building, he may not repent of his Labour.
ought to begin a Building haſtily, but ſhould
firſt take a good deal of Time to conſider, and revolve in
his Mind all the Qualities and Requiſites of ſuch a Work:
And that he ſhould carefully review and examine, with
the Advice of proper Judges, the whole Structure in it
ſelf, and the Proportions and Meaſures of every diſtinct
Part, not only in Draughts or Paintings, but in actual
Models of Wood or ſome other Subſtance, that when he
has finiſhed his Building, he may not repent of his Labour.
CHAP. II. That we ought to undertake nothing above our
Abilities, nor ſtrive againſt Nature, and that we ought
alſo not only to conſider what we can do, but what is fit
for us to do, and in what Place it is that we are to build.
Abilities, nor ſtrive againſt Nature, and that we ought
alſo not only to conſider what we can do, but what is fit
for us to do, and in what Place it is that we are to build.
CHAP. III. That having conſidered the whole Diſpoſition
of the Building in all the Parts of the Model, we ought
to take the Advice of prudent and underſtanding Men,
and before we begin our Work, it will not only be proper
to know how to raiſe Money for the Expence, but alſo
long before-hand to provide all the Materials for com
pleating ſuch an Undertaking.
of the Building in all the Parts of the Model, we ought
to take the Advice of prudent and underſtanding Men,
and before we begin our Work, it will not only be proper
to know how to raiſe Money for the Expence, but alſo
long before-hand to provide all the Materials for com
pleating ſuch an Undertaking.
CHAP. IV. What Materials are to be provided for the
Building, what Workmen to be choſe, and in what Sea
ſons, according to the Opinions of the Ancients, to cut
Timber.
Building, what Workmen to be choſe, and in what Sea
ſons, according to the Opinions of the Ancients, to cut
Timber.
CHAP. V. Of preſerving the Trees after they are cut,
what to plaiſter or anoint them with, of the Remedies
againſt their Infirmities, and of allotting them their pro
per Places in the Building.
what to plaiſter or anoint them with, of the Remedies
againſt their Infirmities, and of allotting them their pro
per Places in the Building.
CHAP. VI. What Woods are moſt proper for Buildings,
their Nature and Uſes, how they are to be employed, and
in what Part of the Edifice each Kind is moſt fit for.
their Nature and Uſes, how they are to be employed, and
in what Part of the Edifice each Kind is moſt fit for.
CHAP. VIII. Of Stones in general, when they are to be
dug, and when uſed; which are the ſofteſt and which
the hardeſt, and which beſt and moſt durable.
dug, and when uſed; which are the ſofteſt and which
the hardeſt, and which beſt and moſt durable.
CHAP. X. Of the Origin of the Uſe of Bricks, in what
Seaſon they ought to be made, and in what Shapes, their
different Sorts, and the Uſefulneſs of triangular ones;
and briefly, of all other Works made of baked Earth.
Seaſon they ought to be made, and in what Shapes, their
different Sorts, and the Uſefulneſs of triangular ones;
and briefly, of all other Works made of baked Earth.
CHAP. XI. Of the Nature of Lime and Plaiſter of Paris,
their Uſes and Kinds, wherein they agree and wherein
they differ, and of ſome Things not unworthy of Memory.
their Uſes and Kinds, wherein they agree and wherein
they differ, and of ſome Things not unworthy of Memory.
CHAP. XII. Of the three different Kinds of Sands, and of the
various Materials uſed in Building in different Places.
various Materials uſed in Building in different Places.
CHAP. XIII. Whether the Obſervation of Times and Sea
ſons is of any Uſe in beginning a Building; what Sea
ſon is moſt convenient; as alſo, with what Auguries or
Prayers we ought to ſet out upon our Work.
ſons is of any Uſe in beginning a Building; what Sea
ſon is moſt convenient; as alſo, with what Auguries or
Prayers we ought to ſet out upon our Work.
BOOK III.
CHAP. I. Of the Work. Wherein lies the Buſineſs of
the Work; the different Parts of the Walls,
and what they require. That the Foundation is no Part
of the Wall; what Soil makes the beſt Foundation.
the Work; the different Parts of the Walls,
and what they require. That the Foundation is no Part
of the Wall; what Soil makes the beſt Foundation.
CHAP. II. That the Foundation chiefly is to be marked out
with Lines; and by what Tokens we may know the
Goodneſs of the Ground.
with Lines; and by what Tokens we may know the
Goodneſs of the Ground.
CHAP. III. That the Nature of Places is various, and
therefore we ought not to truſt any Place too haſtily, till
we have firſt dug Wells or Reſervoirs; but that in marſhy
Places we muſt make our Foundation with Piles burnt
at the Ends, and driven in with their Heads downward
with light Beetles, and many repeated Blows, till they
are driven quite in to the Head.
therefore we ought not to truſt any Place too haſtily, till
we have firſt dug Wells or Reſervoirs; but that in marſhy
Places we muſt make our Foundation with Piles burnt
at the Ends, and driven in with their Heads downward
with light Beetles, and many repeated Blows, till they
are driven quite in to the Head.
CHAP. V. Of the lower Courſes or Foundations, accord
ing to the Precepts and Example of the Ancients.
ing to the Precepts and Example of the Ancients.
CHAP. VI. That there ought to be Vents left open in
thick Walls from the Bottom to the Top, the Difference
between the Wall and the Foundation: The principal
Parts of the Wall; the three Methods of Wailing; the
Materials and Form of the firſt Courſe or Layer.
thick Walls from the Bottom to the Top, the Difference
between the Wall and the Foundation: The principal
Parts of the Wall; the three Methods of Wailing; the
Materials and Form of the firſt Courſe or Layer.
CHAP. VII. Of the Generation of Stones: How they are
to be diſpoſed and joined together, as alſo, which are the
ſtrongeſt and which the weakeſt.
to be diſpoſed and joined together, as alſo, which are the
ſtrongeſt and which the weakeſt.
CHAP. IX. Of the Girders of Stone, of the Ligament and
Fortification of the Cornices, and how to unite ſeveral
Stones for the Strengthening of the Wall.
Fortification of the Cornices, and how to unite ſeveral
Stones for the Strengthening of the Wall.