Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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              <s id="s.000189">
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              igitur eiſdem rationibus quibus priorem, na­
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              turalem eſſe demonſtrauimus à natura pro­
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              ficiſci, quamvis apud quoſdam obſcurius
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              certè conſtat. </s>
              <s id="s.000190">Neque ſatis liquet ex his mo­
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              tibus, qui ſit validior. </s>
              <s id="s.000191">Illud tamen clarum
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              eſt, ambos motibus omnibus violentis, tum
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              etiam elementorum naturalibus potentiores
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              multò eſſe, neque vbi impulſus huius ge­
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              neris, aut attractionis ratio habenda ſit,
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg17"/>
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              grauis aut leuis penè vllam eſſe curam. </s>
              <s id="s.000192">At­
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              que ea ratione, quam ſuo loco proſeque­
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              mur, tanta vi tormenta bellica pilas illas fer­
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              reas emittunt, cùm nulla vis alia impellen­
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              do quicquam ſimile poſſit efficere. </s>
              <s id="s.000193">Quòd
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              niſi machinæ periculum fracturæ obſta­
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              ret, nihil prohiberet ex Germaniis in In­
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              diam, quoniam ex ordine eſt vniuerſi, im­
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              pelli. </s>
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            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.000194">
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              Tres eſſe mo­
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              tus natura­
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              les à princi­
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              pio.</s>
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            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.000195">
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              Bellicæ ma­
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              chinæ impel­
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              lunt ordine
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              vniuerſi.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.000196">Tertius autem motus grauium eſt ad in­
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              ferna, leuium ad ſuperna: quem planè om­
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              nes naturalem eſſe fatentur, quò minùs de
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              eo laboro. </s>
              <s id="s.000197">Sed nec ſi concedatur nobis alios
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              motus naturales dici debere, modò ſemper
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              his, vt dixi, contingant rationibus, quic­
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              quam ad ea, quæ declarare propoſueramus
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              oberit. </s>
              <s id="s.000198">Erat & quartum genus naturalis mo­
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              tus, quo quædam ad alia mouentur: quod
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              quia generale non eſt, ad locum ſuum trans­
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              feretur, velut de Herculeo vocato lapide,
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              & ferro, electro atque feſtuca. </s>
              <s id="s.000199">His igitur de­
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              monſtratis tanquam principiis ratio conſur­
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              git machinæ Cteſibicæ, quæ ſic conſtat.
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg18"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.000200">
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              Machina
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              Cteſiaica.</s>
            </p>
            <figure id="id.016.01.010.1.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/010/1.jpg" number="3"/>
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              <s id="s.000201">Catinus A, æ­
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              reus, cuius ſum­
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              mum os per quod
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              effundi aqua de­
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              bet B. </s>
              <s id="s.000202">In imo eius
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              duo foramina C,
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              & D, ſuper qui­
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              bus axes aut coria
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              ita collocentur vt
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              in follibus: quæ
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              ex inferiore par­
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              te eleuentur ver­
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              sùs A, ſed ſi com­
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              primantur, occludant obſcura illa: hæreánt­
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              que catino ex oſculis C, & D, fiſtulæ duæ,
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              dextra ac ſiniſtra producantur E, & F, &
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              modiolis inſerantur in G, & in H. </s>
              <s id="s.000203">Modioli
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              inanes ſunt, & in aqua merſi, in imo haben­
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              tes foramina K, & L, in medio: ſupra quæ
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              axes cum corio vt in catino, qui eleuari poſ­
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              ſint ad ſuperiùs: cùm verò premuntur oſcula,
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              ad vnguem concludant. </s>
              <s id="s.000204">In modiolis autem
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              emboli maſculi M, & N, torno politi, & oleo
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg19"/>
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              ſubacti, vt modiolos ad amuſſim impleant:
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              inde vectibus & tegulis ita ſint aptati, vt vl­
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              trò, citróque permeantes, cùm M, aſcendit,
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              exinanitúrque ſubiectum vas, alterna vice
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              N, deſcendat, & impleat embolum, expri­
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              mátque quicquid in eo continetur. </s>
              <s id="s.000205">Hac ra­
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              tione parata cùm ex O, trahitur M, embo­
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              lus maſculus, locus Q, modioli exinanitur:
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              quare eleuatur axis & corium ſuprà K, aquá­
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              que aſcendit donec impleatur modiolus ex
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              primi motus ratione: interim verò cùm N,
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              preſſus ſit, incipiat ex imo trahi alterno mo­
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              tu,
                <expan abbr="deſcendétq;">deſcendétque</expan>
              M, embolus
                <expan abbr="cúmq;">cúmque</expan>
              aqua, quæ
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              in ſpatio Q, continebatur non poſſit effluere,
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              M, concludente ſuperiùs modioli capacita­
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              tem ad vnguem: nec deſcendere per K, quo­
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              niam axis foramen premit, & quò magis vr­
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              getur pondere & impetu ex ſuperiore loco
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              ab aqua, ita magis exquiſitè hæret K, fora­
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              mini: ſequitur vt aqua per G, exeat, qua ſo­
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              lùm exitus patet, aſcendénſque per fiſtulam
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              E, ingreditur eleuans operculum in catinum
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              per C,
                <expan abbr="foramẽ">foramen</expan>
              , donec catinus impleatur: pòſt
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              ceſſante impulſu ex E, ſubſidet corium, &
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              axis in C, váſque A, plenum manet. </s>
              <s id="s.000206">Interim
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              verò dnm M, ad K, deſcendit, N, ad ſummum
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              modioli
                <expan abbr="aſcẽdit">aſcendit</expan>
              , modiolúſque impletur aqua
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              eadem ratione: vnde cum rurſus premitur,
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              exprimit aquam per H, in F, & per D, eadem
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              ratione in modiolum, qui cùm iam plenus ſit
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              aqua, nec illa per C, regredi poſſit, cùm axis
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              & corium eò magis hæreant foramini, quò
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              magis ab aqua ex ſuperiore parte premun­
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              tur, ſequitur vt ex ſecundi motus naturalis
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              ratione, quo etiam grauia ſursùm feruntur,
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              vt aqua per A, in B, aſcendens effundatur, at­
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              que ita alternante motu ac pleno ſemper ca­
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              tino, vt effluere ex imo K, & L, in altum aſ­
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              cendens, quantumlibet per B, nunquam de­
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              ſinat. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.000207">
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              Vitruuius
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              lib. 10. 6. 12.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.000208">Eiuſdem argumenti eſt tuba nauium, qua
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              ſolent naues aqua periclitantes euacuare.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.000209">Cuius exemplo conſtructa eſt machina Bar­
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              tholomæi Brambillæ, quam nos vidimus
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              Mediolani, nulla ex parte antiquis artificio
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              inferior. </s>
            </p>
            <figure id="id.016.01.010.2.jpg" xlink:href="016/01/010/2.jpg" number="4"/>
            <p type="caption">
              <s id="s.000210">Machina Brambilica.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.000211">BD, tuba, inanis in­
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              tus, lignea, rotunda, ve­
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              ctibus & regulis fixa,
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              latior parte ſuperiore
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              tota DM, inferiore ar­
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              ctior: qua parte exci­
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              pitur C, vaſe aquæ im­
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              merſo, & vndique à la­
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              teribus perforato, vt
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              aqua ingredi poſſit: la­
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              pilli autem & arena
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              minimè, fundo vaſis C,
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              ſolido. </s>
              <s id="s.000212">Sic fiet vt tuba
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              aquam ex vaſe puram,
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              cùm opus fuerit, non
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              lapillos aut arenam,
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              quibus machina impe­
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              diretur, hauriat. </s>
              <s id="s.000213">In loco
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              M, vbi arctior pars la­
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              tiori committitur, co­
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              rium ſuperiùs ex parte
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              M, annectitur, cui ſu­
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              perimminet lamina te­
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              nuis plumbea, vt cùm
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              eleuetur ex parte Q,
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              pondere ſuo denuò cadat, & integat canalem
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              L, exquiſite. </s>
              <s id="s.000214">Embolus autem maſculus AE,
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              minor tubæ latitudine, ſed
                <expan abbr="tamẽ">tamen</expan>
              in ſupremo,
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              vbi eſt D, ad amuſſim obſtruat tubæ
                <expan abbr="foramẽ">foramen</expan>
              .
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              </s>
              <s id="s.000215">Inane autem ſit OP. </s>
              <s id="s.000216">Ex imo emboli tres vir­
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              gæ ferreæ ſolidæ prodeant, ad latera tubæ in­
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              tus pertingentes, quas corio circumueſties,
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              ne contactu tubam exulcerent. </s>
              <s id="s.000217">Hæ tripodis
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              imaginem referunt, inferiùs latiores ac ma­
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              gis diſtantes, vbi F, quàm ſuperiùs vbi E.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.000218">Manifeſtum eſt igitur, totum ſpatium iuxta
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              N, eſſe inane, nec præter virgulas aliquid
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              eſſe in eo: quo fit vt peruia ſit vita ex O, &
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              P, in N, atque viciſſim ex N, in O, & P:
                <expan abbr="totũ">totum</expan>
              </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
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    </archimedes>
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