Castelli, Benedetto, Of the mensuration of running waters, 1661

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              <s>
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              the River, in ſuch a caſe there muſt follow very great and irre­
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              pable innundations.</s>
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            <p type="head">
              <s>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              COROLLARIE
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              X.</s>
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            <p type="main">
              <s>From what hath been demonſtrated, we may with facility re­
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              ſolve the doubt which hath troubled, and ſtill poſeth the moſt
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              diligent, but incautelous obſervers of Rivers, who meaſuring
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              the Streams and Torrents which fall into another River; as thoſe
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              for inſtance, which enter into the
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              Po,
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              or thoſe which fall into
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              Ti­
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              ber
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              ; and having ſummed the total of theſe meaſures, and con­
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              ferring the meaſures of the Rivers and Brooks, which fall into
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                <emph type="italics"/>
              Tiber,
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              with the meaſure of
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              Tiber,
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              and the meaſures of thoſe which
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              diſimbogue into
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              Po,
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              with the meaſure of
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              Po,
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              they find them not
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              equal, as, it ſeems to them, they ought to be, and this is becauſe
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              they have not well noted the moſt important point of the varia­
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              tion of velocity, and how that it is the moſt potent cauſe of won­
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              derfully altering the meaſures of running Waters; but we moſt
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              facilly reſolving the doubt, may ſay that theſe Waters diminiſh
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              the meaſure, being once entered the principal Channel, becauſe
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              they increaſe in velocity.</s>
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            <p type="head">
              <s>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              COROLLARIE
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              XI.</s>
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              <s>Through the ignorance of the force of the velocity of the Wa­
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              ter, in altering its meaſure, & augmenting it when the velocity
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              diminiſheth; and diminiſhing it when the velocity augmenteth:
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              The Architect
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              Giovanni Fontana,
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              endeavoured to meaſure, and
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              and to cauſe to be meaſured by his Nephew, all the Brooks and
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              Rivers which diſcharged their Waters into
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              Tiber,
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              at the time of
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              the Innundation; which happened at
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              Rome
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              in the year 1598,
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              and publiſhed a ſmall Treatiſe thereof, wherein he ſummeth up
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              the meaſures of the extraordinary Water which fell into
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              Tiber,
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              and made account that it was about five hundred Ells more than
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              ordinary; and in the end of that Treatiſe concludeth, that to re­
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              move the Innundation wholly from
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              Rome,
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              it would be neceſſary
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              to make two other Channels, equal to that at preſent, and that
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              leſſe would not ſuffice; and finding afterwards that the whole
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              Stream paſſed under the Bridge
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              Quattro-Capi,
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              (the Arch where­
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              of is of a far leſs meaſure then five hundred Ells) concludeth,
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              that under the ſaid Bridge paſt a hundred fifty one Ells of Water
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              compreſſed, (I have ſet down the preciſe term of compreſt Wa­
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              ter, written by
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              Fontana
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              ) wherein I finde many errors.</s>
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            <p type="main">
              <s>The firſt of which is to think that the meaſures of theſe Wa­
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              ters compreſſed in the Channels of thoſe Brooks and Rivers, </s>
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          </chap>
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