Bion, Nicolas, Traité de la construction et principaux usages des instruments de mathématique, 1723

Table of Notes

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            <s xml:id="echoid-s2940" xml:space="preserve">
              <pb o="91" file="105" n="105" rhead="DE DIFFERENS INSTRUMENS. Liv. III. Ch. II."/>
            copie ſera plus grande que la moitié de l'original. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2941" xml:space="preserve">Il ſera facile de
              <lb/>
            connoître toutes ces differentes proportions par l'experience.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2942" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
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        <div xml:id="echoid-div296" type="section" level="1" n="130">
          <head xml:id="echoid-head206" style="it" xml:space="preserve">Conſtruction du Carat, pour connoitre le poids des Perles.</head>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2943" xml:space="preserve">CEtte petite machine ſe nomme Carat, elle ſert à connoître le
              <lb/>
              <note position="right" xlink:label="note-105-01" xlink:href="note-105-01a" xml:space="preserve">1 X.
                <lb/>
              Planche.
                <lb/>
              Fig. M.</note>
            poids des perles fines & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2944" xml:space="preserve">bien rondes; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2945" xml:space="preserve">elle eſt compoſée de cinq
              <lb/>
            petites lames de laiton ou autre métal, minces, de deux pouces de
              <lb/>
            longueur ſur ſix à ſept lignes de largeur. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2946" xml:space="preserve">Ces lames ſont percées de
              <lb/>
            pluſieurs trous ronds de differens diametres. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2947" xml:space="preserve">Les trous de la pre-
              <lb/>
            miere lame font connoître le poids des perles depuis un demi-grain
              <lb/>
            juſqu'à ſept grains; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2948" xml:space="preserve">la ſeconde lame marque depuis huit grains, qui
              <lb/>
            ſont deux carats, juſqu'à cinq; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2949" xml:space="preserve">la troiſiéme marque les carats de-
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            puis deux & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2950" xml:space="preserve">demi juſqu'à cinq & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2951" xml:space="preserve">demi; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2952" xml:space="preserve">la quatriéme ſert depuis
              <lb/>
            ſix carats juſqu'à huit; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2953" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2954" xml:space="preserve">la cinquiéme marque le poids des perles
              <lb/>
            depuis ſix carats & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2955" xml:space="preserve">demi juſqu'à huit & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2956" xml:space="preserve">demi.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2957" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2958" xml:space="preserve">Nous allons donner le diametre du plus petit trou & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2959" xml:space="preserve">du plus
              <lb/>
            grand de chaque lame, les autres ſe pouvant trouver par leurs diffe-
              <lb/>
            rentes proportions; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2960" xml:space="preserve">leurs diametres ſont fondez ſur l'experience de
              <lb/>
            pluſieurs perles qu'on a peſées avec de petites balances bien fines.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2961" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2962" xml:space="preserve">Le petit trou qui fait connoître le poidsl d'une perle d'un grain a
              <lb/>
            une ligne & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2963" xml:space="preserve">un quart de ligne de diametre, celui de ſept grains a
              <lb/>
            deux lignes & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2964" xml:space="preserve">un tiers de ligne; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2965" xml:space="preserve">celui qui marque le poids de deux
              <lb/>
            carats a deux lignes & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2966" xml:space="preserve">demie; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2967" xml:space="preserve">celui qui marque 5 carats a 4 lignes;
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2968" xml:space="preserve">celui qui marque le poids de 2 carats & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2969" xml:space="preserve">demi a 2 lignes 3 quarts
              <lb/>
            & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2970" xml:space="preserve">celui de 5 carats & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2971" xml:space="preserve">demi a 4 lignes & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2972" xml:space="preserve">I quart; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2973" xml:space="preserve">celui qui donne
              <lb/>
            le poids de 6 carats a 4 lignes I tiers; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2974" xml:space="preserve">celui de 8 carars a 4 lignes & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2975" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            demie; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2976" xml:space="preserve">enfin celui qui donne le poids de 8 carats & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2977" xml:space="preserve">demi a 4 lignes
              <lb/>
            3 quarts.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2978" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2979" xml:space="preserve">Ces lames ſont attachées enſemble par un de leurs bouts avec un
              <lb/>
            clou qui leur laiſſe la liberté de mouvoir en tous ſens, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2980" xml:space="preserve">ſe renfer-
              <lb/>
            ment entre deux autres lames de laiton, qui leur ſervent comme
              <lb/>
            d'étui. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2981" xml:space="preserve">La figure fait aſſez connoître le reſte de ſa conſtruction.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2982" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2983" xml:space="preserve">Les Joüailliers ſe ſervent encore de petites balances bien fines & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2984" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            de petits poids qu'ils nomment carats, pour peſer les diamans & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2985" xml:space="preserve">au-
              <lb/>
            tres pierres précieuſes, comme auſſi les perles qui ne ſont pas ron-
              <lb/>
            des. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2986" xml:space="preserve">Le carat peſe 4 grains; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2987" xml:space="preserve">il ſe diviſe en demi, tiers, quart, hui-
              <lb/>
            tiéme & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2988" xml:space="preserve">ſeiziéme de carat. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2989" xml:space="preserve">On ſe ſert auſſi du mot de carat pour
              <lb/>
            marquer le titre de l'or. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2990" xml:space="preserve">Le carat d'or fin eſt la 24
              <emph style="sub">me</emph>
            partie d'une
              <lb/>
            once de pur or, lequel eſt ſi mol, qu'on ne peut le mettre en œuvre.
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2991" xml:space="preserve">L'or à 22 carats eſt le titre des Orſévres de Paris, c'eſt-à-dire, qu'il
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