Bion, Nicolas, Traité de la construction et principaux usages des instruments de mathématique, 1723

Table of Notes

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            <s xml:id="echoid-s5797" xml:space="preserve">
              <pb o="179" file="193" n="193" rhead="POUR LES FORTIFICATIONS Liv. IV. Ch. VIII."/>
            ſont ſuivies exactement; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5798" xml:space="preserve">car ſans ces précautions, il s'y pourroit fai-
              <lb/>
            re beaucoup de difformitez, qu'il ſeroit très-difficile de corriger.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5799" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
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        <div xml:id="echoid-div460" type="section" level="1" n="220">
          <head xml:id="echoid-head333" style="it" xml:space="preserve">De la Conſtruction des dehors.</head>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5800" xml:space="preserve">LEs dehors, en terme de Fortification, ſont des Ouvrages éle-
              <lb/>
              <note position="right" xlink:label="note-193-01" xlink:href="note-193-01a" xml:space="preserve">Fig P.</note>
            vez, que l'on conſtruit au-delà du Foſſé d'une Place fortifiée,
              <lb/>
            pour la couvrir & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5801" xml:space="preserve">en augmenter la défenſe.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5802" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5803" xml:space="preserve">Les plus ordinaires & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5804" xml:space="preserve">les plus communs entre ces ſortes d'Ou-
              <lb/>
            vrages, ſont les Ravelins ou Demi-lunes qui ſe forment ſur l'An-
              <lb/>
            gle flanquant de la Contreſcarpe entre deux Baſtions, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5805" xml:space="preserve">devant la
              <lb/>
            Courtine, pour couvrir les Portes & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5806" xml:space="preserve">les Ponts qui ſe font ordinaire-
              <lb/>
            ment au milieu des Courtines, comme les figures PP le montrent.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5807" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5808" xml:space="preserve">Les Ravelins ſont compoſez de deux faces, garnies d'une Ban-
              <lb/>
            quete ou deux, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5809" xml:space="preserve">d'un bon Parapet élevé du côté de la campagne
              <lb/>
            & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5810" xml:space="preserve">de deux demies gorges, ſans Parapet, du côté de la Ville, avec
              <lb/>
            une ouverture & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5811" xml:space="preserve">un talud, pour monter du grand Foſſé ſur le
              <lb/>
            Terre-plein du Ravelin.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5812" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5813" xml:space="preserve">On bâtit en chaque Ravelin un Corps-de-Garde, pour mettre à
              <lb/>
            l'abri des injures du tems, les Soldats neceſſaires pour le garder & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5814" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            le défendre; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5815" xml:space="preserve">mais il eſt à propos que ce Corps-de-Garde ſoit en for-
              <lb/>
            me de reduit, avec des crenaux tout autour, pour que les Soldats,
              <lb/>
            en cas d'aſſauts, s'y puiſſent retirer & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5816" xml:space="preserve">obtenir quelque capitula-
              <lb/>
            tion, avant que de rendre les Armes.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5817" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5818" xml:space="preserve">Pour tracer un Ravelin devant une Courtine, ouvrez le Compas
              <lb/>
            de la grandeur du côté intérieur du Polygone; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5819" xml:space="preserve">arrêtez une des
              <lb/>
            pointes du Compas ainſi ouvert, ſur une des extremitez de ladite
              <lb/>
            ligne, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5820" xml:space="preserve">de l'autre pointe décrivez un Arc au-delà de la Con-
              <lb/>
            treſcarpe; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5821" xml:space="preserve">arrêtez de même une pointe du Compas ſur l'autre
              <lb/>
            extremité du côté intérieur, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5822" xml:space="preserve">de l'autre pointe tracez un ſecond
              <lb/>
            Arc, coupant le premier en un point qui marquera la pointe ou
              <lb/>
            l'angle flanqué du Ravelin; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5823" xml:space="preserve">mettez une regle ſur ce point d'inter-
              <lb/>
            ſection & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5824" xml:space="preserve">ſur chacune des extremitez dudit côté intérieur, pour
              <lb/>
            tracer les faces du Ravelin, qui ſe termineront à droite & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5825" xml:space="preserve">à
              <lb/>
            gauche ſur le bord de la Contreſcarpe. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5826" xml:space="preserve">Les deux demies-gorges
              <lb/>
            ſe tireront de l'extremitê de chaque face, juſqu'à l'angle rentrant
              <lb/>
            de ladite Contreſcarpe.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5827" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5828" xml:space="preserve">Mais pour quel'angle flanqué du Ravelin ne ſoit pas trop aigu,
              <lb/>
            ne donnez qu'environ 40 toiſes à ſa capitale RS; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5829" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5830" xml:space="preserve">faites le reſte,
              <lb/>
            comme nous venons de dire.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5831" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s5832" xml:space="preserve">On place quelquefois un ſemblable Ouvrage devant la pointe
              <lb/>
            </s>
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