Vitruvius, I Dieci Libri dell' Architettvra di M. Vitrvvio, 1556

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        <div xml:id="echoid-div654" type="section" level="1" n="115">
          <pb o="228" file="0238" n="247" rhead="LIBRO"/>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19430" xml:space="preserve">Quattro Stelle poſte in croce ſegni ſono dell’altro polo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19431" xml:space="preserve">Queste poſte nõ ſono nelle’imagini’predette, ne meno nel Zodiaco; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19432" xml:space="preserve">i nauiganti le chiamano
              <lb/>
            crociere & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19433" xml:space="preserve">quella del piede è dell’altre maggiore, per eſſa ſi conoſce quale è la teſta di eſſe, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19434" xml:space="preserve">quai ſono le braccia, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19435" xml:space="preserve">quando il piede è ſu l’ ori
              <lb/>
            zonte, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19436" xml:space="preserve">che il capo è dritto, il piede ſta apartado dal polo gradi 30. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19437" xml:space="preserve">da queſta ſi prende l’altezza del polo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19438" xml:space="preserve">prendeſi in modo, che ſe l’altez
              <lb/>
            za che di eſſa ſi piglia ſer à di quelle 30 colui, che la piglia ſer à nell’ equinotiale, ſe piu di 30, quel di piu sta apartado dalla equinottiale alla par-
              <lb/>
            te di ostro, ſe meno, quel tãto ſta apartado dalla linea alla parte di tr ammontana. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19439" xml:space="preserve">Dalla declinatiane adunque di detta Stella dal polo ſi conoſce
              <lb/>
            l’altezza, perche quanto piu uno dell’ oquinottiale s’allontana tanto piu ſe gli leua il polo ſopra l’orizonte ſuo, come dimoſtra la figura & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19440" xml:space="preserve">in
              <lb/>
            tanto piu gradi piglia l’altezza della detta Stella, et per 30 gradi che la detta ſtella ſta ſopra il polo, quelli che ſaranno di piu tanto ſi ſta apar
              <lb/>
            tado, dalla iſteſſa linea fino l’isteſſo polo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19441" xml:space="preserve">tanto ſta il medeſimo polo leuato ſopra l’ orizonte, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19442" xml:space="preserve">ſi pig li l’ altezza in 20 ſtai aparta-
              <lb/>
            do dalla linea in 10 à trammontana ſe 10 20. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19443" xml:space="preserve">ſe s. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19444" xml:space="preserve">25 ſe nell’ orizonte 30. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19445" xml:space="preserve">ſonui ancho dell’ altre Stelle leggi nel libro de i uiaggi.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19446" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19447" xml:space="preserve">Sono adunque in ſomma quaranta otto imagini, benche altri n’hanno fatto piu altri meno, ma queſto è
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0238-01" xlink:href="note-0238-01a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
            ſtato perche alcuni hanno partito una imagine in piu parti, altri le hanno racolte. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19448" xml:space="preserve">Ptolomeo ne pone
              <lb/>
            48. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19449" xml:space="preserve">le apparenti imagini ſono nominate ò dalle coſe che hanno anima, ò dalle coſe inanimate, ſe dalle
              <lb/>
            animate, oureo prẽdono il nome da aĩali ſenza ragione, ouero da animali rationali, come ſono i Gemel
              <lb/>
            li, la Vergine, l’ Acquario, et altri, de gli irrationali altri ſono fieri altri domeſtici, et tutti ò di mare, ò
              <lb/>
            di terra. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19450" xml:space="preserve">Come Mõtone, Leone, Orſo, Lupo, Delfino, Balena, ma ſe le imagini pigliano il uocabolo da
              <lb/>
            coſe, che ſono ſenze aĩa, oureo lo pigliano dalla figura loro, come la ſaetta, il traiãgolo, la corona, ouer
              <lb/>
            da qualche effetto che fanno nel mondo, come ſi dice, chi naſce ſotto la imagine dello altare ſer à ſacer
              <lb/>
            dote. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19451" xml:space="preserve">chi ſotto la naue d’Argo, nocchiero, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19452" xml:space="preserve">chi ſotto il Delfino natatore. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19453" xml:space="preserve">Ma in fine l’A dulatione
              <lb/>
            de Cortegiani, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19454" xml:space="preserve">la uoglia de primi ordinatori, come Poeti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19455" xml:space="preserve">Aſtronomi, per far eterna memoria
              <lb/>
            d’alcuni fatti notabili, ò per adulare à i loro ſignori trouato hanno luoghi nel Cielo da collocare le co
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0238-02" xlink:href="note-0238-02a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
            ſe amate da quelli, la doue nõ poteuano eglino ſalire. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19456" xml:space="preserve">Come Virgilio poſe tra gli artigli dello Scorpio
              <lb/>
            ne la Stella di Ceſare, ma è coſa mirabile, come io ho detto poco auanti, che i Greci habbiano hauuto
              <lb/>
            tãto priuilegio di empire il Cielo de i nomi de i loro flagitij, et che le fauole loro ſiano ſtate accettare
              <lb/>
            nei Canoni, auuegna, che molto prima le Stelle ſiano ſtate conoſciute, et nomate, ma inuero la leggie
              <lb/>
            rezza delle loro ribalderie, ſarebbe dileguate ſe nõ Phaueſſero chiodate in Cielo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19457" xml:space="preserve">però cãtano alcuni.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19458" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <figure number="132">
            <variables xml:id="echoid-variables55" xml:space="preserve">orizonte eqwnot il poolo</variables>
          </figure>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19459" xml:space="preserve">Gioue, che ſpeſſo d’amoroſo ardore
              <lb/>
            Delle ſiglie de gli huomini s’ acceſe.
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19460" xml:space="preserve">Hauendo à noia l’immortal conteſe
              <lb/>
            Dell’orgogliſa moglie, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19461" xml:space="preserve">ſuo furore</s>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19462" xml:space="preserve">Vide Caliſto, ch’era ſu’l fiore
              <lb/>
            Di ſua bellezza, e per lei in terra ſceſe.
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19463" xml:space="preserve">Et dopo i dolci baſci, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19464" xml:space="preserve">le diteſe
              <lb/>
            Grate di lei ne restò uincitore.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19465" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19466" xml:space="preserve">Giunon geloſa piena di diſdegno
              <lb/>
            Prende la bella giouane, è ſtracciata
              <lb/>
            Che Phebbe, in Orſa horribil la conuerſe</s>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19467" xml:space="preserve">L’inſelice ne diè colruggir ſegno,
              <lb/>
            Per le ſelue d’Arcadia, ma leuata
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0238-03" xlink:href="note-0238-03a" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
            Per la pietà di Gioue al Cielo s’erſe.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19468" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19469" xml:space="preserve">Ma tornamo noi al propoſito. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19470" xml:space="preserve">Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19471" xml:space="preserve">parlando delle imagini, che ſono uerſo il Settentrione, dice che quel Settentrione, che da Greci è detto Arctos
              <lb/>
            ouero Helice, che altro non è, che l’Orſa maggiore, che altri chiamano il carro dalla figura, ha dietro di ſe il cuſtode, ò guardiano, ò Bootes
              <lb/>
            che ſe gli dica, ſotto ilquale non molto lontano ò il ſegno della Vergine che per A ſtrea, ò per la giustitia, è poſta ſopra la cui deſtra ſpalla ſi
              <lb/>
            uede una lucidiβima Stella, che ſi chiama anteuindemia, perche quando naſce promette la maturità della uindemia, della cui maturità ſegni ma
              <lb/>
            nifeſti ſono gli acini mutati di colore, queſta Stella è ſimile al ſerro affocato però Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19472" xml:space="preserve">dice, che è piu presto candens, che colorata, pche gli ſcrit
              <lb/>
            tori le danno un mirabile ſplendore. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19473" xml:space="preserve">Oltra di queſto tra le ginocchia del guardiano, è la Setlla nominata Arcturo, dallaquale alcuni chiamato hã
              <lb/>
            no Arcturo tutta la imagine del guardiano. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19474" xml:space="preserve">Ecco che Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19475" xml:space="preserve">non ſolamẽte tocca le imagini, conſteltioni, asteriſmi, ſegni, e figure, che tutto e
              <lb/>
            uno, ma ancho le Stelle particolari, come detto hauemo, dalche naſce la differenza de gli ſcrittori nel numero. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19476" xml:space="preserve">ſeguita poi l’ Auriga, carrattie-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0238-04" xlink:href="note-0238-04a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
            ri, Ericthonio, Orſilocho detto, il ſito delquale è dinanzi al capo dell’Orſa maggiore, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19477" xml:space="preserve">le ſta attrauer ſo in modo, che ſe l’Orſa correſſe, gli ur-
              <lb/>
            terebbe nel capo, sta egli ſul deſtro corno del Toro per mezzo i piedi de i Gemelli, ſopra la cui ſpalla ſiniſtra è una Stella, che ſi chiama la Ca
              <lb/>
            pra, queſta pare, che riguarde due picciole Stelle, che ſono nella ſiniſtra del carrettieri, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19478" xml:space="preserve">ſi chiamano i capretti. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19479" xml:space="preserve">però io leggerei Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19480" xml:space="preserve">in que
              <lb/>
            ſto modo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19481" xml:space="preserve">Item que in fummo cornu læ uo ad Aurige pedes una tenet parte ſtellã, quae appellature Aurigae manus, in
              <lb/>
            qua hædi:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19482" xml:space="preserve">Capra uero, leuo humero, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19483" xml:space="preserve">poi comincia Tauri quidem, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19484" xml:space="preserve">Arietis in ſuper. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19485" xml:space="preserve">Adunque ſopra la cima del ſinistro
              <lb/>
            corno del Toro l’Auriga ſtende una mano, nellaquale ſono due Stelle, nominate i Capretti, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19486" xml:space="preserve">tien ſopra il ſiniſtro numero una Stella detta la
              <lb/>
            Capra, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19487" xml:space="preserve">poi ſeguita. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19488" xml:space="preserve">Sopra le parti del Toro, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19489" xml:space="preserve">del Montone con le ſue deſtre parti ſi troua Perſeo, ſott’ entrando
              <lb/>
            al paſſo delle Stelle Vergilie nominate, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19490" xml:space="preserve">con le piu ſiniſtre il capo del Montone appoggiando la deſtra mano al ſi-
              <lb/>
            mulachro di Casſiopea, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19491" xml:space="preserve">tiene ſopra l’auriga per la cima il capo Gorgoneo ponendolo ſotto i piedi di Androme-
              <lb/>
            da, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19492" xml:space="preserve">ſopra Andromeda, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19493" xml:space="preserve">ſopra il ſuo uentre ſono i peſci, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19494" xml:space="preserve">i caualli.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19495" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19496" xml:space="preserve">Et quiè il teſto ſcorretto, perche le parole di Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19497" xml:space="preserve">non hanno rilatione, ò conſtruttione, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19498" xml:space="preserve">la uerita è che ſopa Andromeda ci ſono due caualli,
              <lb/>
            uno alato, che per lo Pegaſeo ſi pone, l’altro è la parte dinanzi d’un cauallo, cioè il capo, e il petto, il uentre dello alato, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19499" xml:space="preserve">ſopra il capo d’ An-
              <lb/>
            dromeda, il detto cauallo ha ancho una Stella ſopra la ſpina aſſai notabile; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19500" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19501" xml:space="preserve">però potria dir Vitr.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19502" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19503" xml:space="preserve">Ci ſono ancho i peſci ſopra Andromeda, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19504" xml:space="preserve">il uentre di quel cauallo, che è ſopra la ſpina, dell’altro cauallo, ma nel uen-
              <lb/>
            tre del primo è una lucidis ſima Stella, chetermina il detto uentre, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19505" xml:space="preserve">la teſta di Andromeda, Ma la mano d eſtra
              <lb/>
            di Andromeda è poſta ſopra il ſimulachro di Casſiopea, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19506" xml:space="preserve">la ſiniſtra ſopra il peſce Aquilonare: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19507" xml:space="preserve">Similmẽte l’Acqua
              <lb/>
            rio ſopra il capo del cauallo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19508" xml:space="preserve">le unghie del Cauallo toccano le ginocchia d’A cquario.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19509" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19510" xml:space="preserve">Però nella figuratione di que ualent’ huomini il cauallo alato deue hauere i piedi riuolti all’altra parte.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19511" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19512" xml:space="preserve">Sopra Caſſiopa per mezzo il Capricorno in alto è poſta l’Aquila, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19513" xml:space="preserve">il Delfino, dopo iquali è la Saetta, &</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19514" xml:space="preserve">alquãto die
              <lb/>
            tro alla Saetta è l’Vccello, la cui deſtra penna tocca la mano di Cefeo, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19515" xml:space="preserve">il Scettro, ma la ſiniſtra di Ceſeo ſta fopra la
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0238-06" xlink:href="note-0238-06a" xml:space="preserve">60</note>
            imagine di Casſiopea fermata, ſotto la coda dell’Vccello ſono coperti i piedi del Cauallo.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19516" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19517" xml:space="preserve">Qui s’ intende del mezzo Cauallo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19518" xml:space="preserve">D’indi ſono le imagini del ſagittario, dello Scorpione, &</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19519" xml:space="preserve">della Bilancia.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19520" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19521" xml:space="preserve">Se Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19522" xml:space="preserve">haueſſe con ſeparati nomi ſignificato amendue i cauulli, chiamando l’uno Equus, l’altro Equiculus, ouero protome hippus come dicono i
              <lb/>
            Greci, non ci harebbe laſciato tante diſſicultà, oltra, che dicendo di ſopra, che l’Aquila, è molto lontana dal Simulachro di Casſiopea, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19523" xml:space="preserve">che le
              <lb/>
            unghie del Cauallo toccano le Ginocchia dello Acquario, è poi dicendo, che ſotto la coda dell’uccello ſono coperti i piedi del cauallo, egli ci da
              <lb/>
            ad intender, che non ſi ragiona d’un ſolo cauallo, ma il tutto s’ acconcia per la lettione, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19524" xml:space="preserve">deſcrittione de i buoni autori.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19525" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19526" xml:space="preserve">Diſopra poi il Serpente tocca con la cima del roſtro la corona, nel mezzo delquale è lo Ophiuco, ò ferpentario, che tie-
              <lb/>
            ne il ſerpente in mano calcando col pie ſiniſtro la ſronte dello Scorpione. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19527" xml:space="preserve">Ma alla metà del capo dell’Ophinco non
              <lb/>
            molto lontano è il capo dello ingenocchiato.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19528" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19529" xml:space="preserve">Che Hercole, Theſeo, Tamiri, Orpheo, Prometheo, Ixione, Cetheo, Lycata alcuna fiata è detto.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19530" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">70</note>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19531" xml:space="preserve">Ma le cime delle loro teſte ſono piu facili ad eſſer conoſciute, imperoche ſono ſormate di Stelle aſſai lucenti. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19532" xml:space="preserve">Ma il piede
              <lb/>
            dello ingenocchiato à quella tẽpia ſi ferma del capo di quel ſerpẽte, che è poſto tra le Orſa che ſettẽtrioni ſi chiamão.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19533" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19534" xml:space="preserve">Ma quello, che dice Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19535" xml:space="preserve">parue per eos flectitur Delſinus, non accorda col detto de gli altri, perche il Delſino è lontano dallo ingenocchiato, ſe
              <lb/>
            forſe non ſi legge. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19536" xml:space="preserve">Vbi parue per os qui flectitur Delfinus cõtra uolucris roſtrũ eſt propoſita lyra. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19537" xml:space="preserve">Ma doue d’intorno
              <lb/>
            alla bocca del cauallo picciolo ſi piega breuemẽte il Delfino, cõtra il roſtro dell’uccello, è propoſta la lyra. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19538" xml:space="preserve">Tra gli ho
              <lb/>
            meri dello ingenocchiato, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19539" xml:space="preserve">del cuſtode, è la corona ornata. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19540" xml:space="preserve">Ma nel cerchio fettentrionale poſte ſono le due Orſe.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19541" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19542" xml:space="preserve">Dapoi, che Vitr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19543" xml:space="preserve">ci ha ragionato di quelle stelle, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19544" xml:space="preserve">di quelle imagini, che ſono tra il tropico, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s19545" xml:space="preserve">il circolo ſettentrionale, egli entra a quelle, </s>
          </p>
        </div>
      </text>
    </echo>
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