Ibn-al-Haitam, al-Hasan Ibn-al-Hasan; Witelo; Risner, Friedrich, Opticae thesavrvs Alhazeni Arabis libri septem, nunc primùm editi. Eivsdem liber De Crepvscvlis & Nubium ascensionibus. Item Vitellonis Thuvringopoloni Libri X. Omnes instaurati, figuris illustrati & aucti, adiectis etiam in Alhazenum commentarijs, a Federico Risnero, 1572

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[241.] 41. Communis ſectio ſuperficierum reflexionis & ſpeculi conici cõuexi eſt lat{us} conicum uel ellipſis: nunquam uerò circul{us}. 12 p 7.
[242.] 42. Si communis ſectio ſuperficierum reflexionis & ſpeculi conici conuexi, fuerit lat{us} co-nicum: reflexio à quocun ipſi{us} puncto facta, in eadem ſuperficie ſemper fiet. 19 p 7.
[243.] 43. Si cõmunis ſectio ſuperficierũ, reflexionis & ſpeculi conici cõuexi fuerit ellipſis: ab uno uel duob. cõſpicuæ ſuperficiei pũctis quib{us}libet, in eadẽ ſuքficie ad uiſum reflexio fieri poteſt. 34 p 7.
[244.] 44. Si uiſ{us} fuerit in caua ſpeculi ſphærici ſuperficie: uidebit totam: ſi intra uel extra: aliâs hemiſp hærium, aliâs pl{us}, aliâs min{us}: ſi in centro: ſe ipſum tantùm uidebit. 71. 72 p 4. 4 p 8.
[245.] 45. Si uiſ{us} ſit extra centrum ſpeculi ſphærici caui: uiſibile à quolibet ei{us} puncto ad uiſum reflecti poteſt: excepto eo, in quod recta à uiſu per centrum ſpeculi ducta, cadit. 6. 3 p 8.
[246.] 46. In ſpeculo cylindraceo cauo ſuperficies reflexionis quatuor habet puncta: uiſ{us}, uiſibilis, reflexionis, & axis, in quod perpendicularis à reflexionis puncto ducta, cadit. 3 p 9.83 p 4.
[247.] 47. Si communis ſectio ſuperficierum, reflexionis & ſpeculi cylindracei caui, fuerit lat{us} cy-lindr aceum, aut circul{us}: reflexio à quocun ſectionis puncto facta, in eadem ſuperficie fiet.
[248.] 48. Si communis ſectio ſuperficierum, reflexionis & ſpeculi cylindracei caui fuerit elli-pſis: à plurib{us} ei{us} punctis idem uiſibile ad eundem uiſum, in eadem ſuperficie reflecti po-teſt. 9 p 9.
[249.] 49. Si uiſ{us} fuerit intra ſpeculum conicum cauum: tota ei{us} ſuperficies uidebitur: ſi extra & recta à uiſu continuetur cum axe, uel conico latere: tot a occultabitur. 5. 2. 9. 3 p 9.
[250.] 50. Si uiſ{us} opponatur baſi ſpeculi conici caui: uiſibile intra ſpeculum poſitum, tantùm uide-bitur. 6 p 9.
[251.] 51. Ab uno cui{us}libet ſpeculi puncto, unum uiſibilis punctum ad unum uiſum reflectitur. 29. 30. 31 p 5. Item 37 p 5: item in præfat. 1. 5. & 10 librorum.
[252.] ALHAZEN FILII ALHAYZEN OPTICAE LIBER QVINTVS.
[253.] PROOEMIVM LIBRI. CAP. I. 1. Imago eſt form a uiſibilis, à polit a ſuperficie reflexa. In def. 5 libri.
[254.] DE LOCIS IMAGINVM. CAP. II. 2. In ſpeculo plano imago uidetur in concurſu perpendicularis incidentiæ & lineæ reflexio-nis. 37 p 5.
[255.] 3. In ſpeculo ſphærico conuexo, imago uidetur in concurſu perpendicularis incidentiæ & li-neæ reflexionis. 11 p 6.
[256.] 4. In ſpeculis conuexis cylindraceo, conico, imago uidetur in concurſu perpendicularis inci-dentiæ & lineæ reflexionis. 37 p 5.
[257.] 5. Rectarum linearum ab eodem uiſibilis puncto in ſpecula planum uel conuexum caden-tium: minima eſt perpendicularis. 21 p 1.
[258.] 6. In ſpeculo ſpbærico cauo, imago uidetur in concurſu perpendicularis incidentiæ & lineæ refle xionis. 37 p 5.
[259.] 7. In ſpeculis cauis cylindraceo, conico, imago uidetur in concurſu perpendicularis inciden-tiæ & lineæ reflexionis. 37 p 5.
[260.] 8. Imago in quocun ſpeculo, uidetur in concurſu perpendicularis incidentiæ & lineæ refle-scionis. 37 p 5.
[261.] 9. Imago in ſpeculo plano uidetur in perpendiculari incidentiæ. 36 p 5.
[262.] 10. Imago in ſpeculis conuexis, cauis: ſphærico, cylindraceo, conico uidetur in perpendiculari incidentiæ. 36 p 5.
[263.] 11. Viſibile & imago à ſpeculi plani ſuperficie in oppoſit {as} partes æquabiliter distant. 49 p 5.
[264.] 12. Viſu & uiſibili datis, in ſpeculo plano punctum reflexionis inuenire. 46 p 5.
[265.] 13. Si recta linea ab uno uiſu ſit perpendicularis ſpeculo plano, unum ipſi{us} punctũ; in quo uiſ{us} ſuperficiem ſecat, ab uno ſpeculi puncto, in quod cadit, ad eundem uiſum reflectetur. 32 p 5.
[266.] 14. Ab uno ſpeculi plani puncto, unum uiſibilis punctũ ad unũ uiſum reflectitur. 45 p 5.
[267.] 15. In ſpeculo plano, imagouni{us} puncti, una, & uno eodem́ in loco ab utroque uiſu uide-tur. 51 p 5.
[268.] 16. In ſpeculo ſphærico conuexo linea reflexionis & perpendicularis incidentiæ concurrunt: & imago uidetur in ipſarum concurſu. 9. 11 p 6. Idem 3 n.
[269.] 17. Finis contingentiæ in ſpeculo ſphærico, eſt concurſ{us} rectæ ſpeculum in reflexionis puncto tangentis, cum perpendiculari incidentiæ uel reflexionis. Et rect a à centro ſpeculi ſphærici conuexi ad imaginem, maior est recta ab imagine ad reflexionis punctum ducta. In def. 13 p 6.
[270.] 18. Si in ſpeculo ſphærico conuexo perpendicularis incidentiæ ſecetur à lineis reflexionis: & ſpeculum in reflexionis puncto tan-gente: erit, ut tota perpendicularis ad inferum ſegmentum: ſic ſu-perum ad intermedium. Et pars perpendicularis inter punctum contingentiæ, & peripheriam, communem ſectionem ſuperficie-rum reflexionis, & ſpeculi, erit minor eiuſdem peripheriæ ſemidia metro. 12. 14 p 6.
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page |< < (242) of 778 > >|
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          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17083" xml:space="preserve">
              <pb o="242" file="0248" n="248" rhead="ALHAZEN"/>
            ad partẽ perpendicularis ſuper ſuperficiem corporis diaphani extẽſæ in corpore groſsiore.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17084" xml:space="preserve"> Cauſſa
              <lb/>
            autem, quæ facit refractionem lucis à corpore groſsiore ad corpus ſubtilius ad partem contrariam
              <lb/>
            parti perpẽdicularis, eſt:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17085" xml:space="preserve"> quia cum lux mota fuerit in corpore diaphano, repellet eam aliqua repul-
              <lb/>
            ſione, & corpus groſsius repellet eam maiore repulſione, ſicut lapis, cũ mouetur in aere, mouetur
              <lb/>
            facilius & uelocius, quàm ſi moueretur in aqua:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17086" xml:space="preserve"> eò quòd aqua repellit ipſum maiore repulſione,
              <lb/>
            quàm aer.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17087" xml:space="preserve"> Cum ergo lux exierit à corpore groſsiore in ſubtilius:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17088" xml:space="preserve"> tunc motus eius erit uelocior.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17089" xml:space="preserve"> Et
              <lb/>
            cum lux fuerit obliqua ſuper duas ſuperficies corporis diaphani, quod eſt differentia cõmunis am-
              <lb/>
            bobus corporibus:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17090" xml:space="preserve"> tunc motus eius erit ſuper lineam exiſtẽtem inter perpendicularem, exeuntem
              <lb/>
            à principio motus eius, & inter perpendicularem ſuper lineam perpendicularem, exeuntem etiam
              <lb/>
            à principio motus.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17091" xml:space="preserve"> Reſiſtentia ergo corporis groſsioris erit à parte, ad quam exit ſecunda perpen-
              <lb/>
            dicularis.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17092" xml:space="preserve"> Cum ergo lux exiuerit à corpore groſsiore, & peruenerit ad corpus ſubtilius:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17093" xml:space="preserve"> tunc reſi-
              <lb/>
            ſtentia corporis ſubtilioris facta luci, quæ eſt in parte, ad quam ſecunda exit perpendicularis, erit
              <lb/>
            minor prima reſiſtentia:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17094" xml:space="preserve"> & fit motus lucis ad partem, à qua reſiſtebatur, maior.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17095" xml:space="preserve"> Et ſic eſt de luce in
              <lb/>
            corpore ſubtiliore ad partem contrariam parti perpendicularis.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17096" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
        </div>
        <div xml:id="echoid-div562" type="section" level="0" n="0">
          <head xml:id="echoid-head488" xml:space="preserve">DE QVALITATE REFRACTIONIS LVCIS IN
            <lb/>
          corporibus diaphanis. Cap. III.</head>
          <head xml:id="echoid-head489" xml:space="preserve" style="it">9. Superficies refractionis eſt perpendicularis ſuperficiei refractiui. 2 p 10.</head>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17097" xml:space="preserve">IN prædicto capitulo [5 n] declaratũ eſt, quòd omnis lux, quæ reſringitur à corpore diaphano
              <lb/>
            ad aliud corpus diaphanum, ſemper erit in una ſuperficie æquali.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17098" xml:space="preserve"> Linea ergo recta, per quã ex-
              <lb/>
            tenditur lux in aere, & linea recta, per quam refringitur in aqua, ſemper erũt in eadem ſuperficie
              <lb/>
            æquali.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17099" xml:space="preserve"> Hæc autem ſuperficies apud ιnſpectionem inſtrumenti prædicti, eſt medius circulus ille ex
              <lb/>
            tribus ſignatis in interiore parte oræ inſtrumẽti & ille circulus eſt æquidiſtans ſuperficiei interio-
              <lb/>
            ris laminæ:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17100" xml:space="preserve"> ſed ſuperficies interioris laminæ eſt æquidiſtans ſuperficiei dorſi, cui ſuperponitur ſu-
              <lb/>
            perficies regulæ quadratæ:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17101" xml:space="preserve"> ergo ſuperficies circuli medij eſt æquidiſtãs ſuperficiei regulæ quadra-
              <lb/>
            tæ:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17102" xml:space="preserve"> & ſuperficies regulæ quadratæ, quæ eſt ſuperpoſita dorſo laminæ, eſt perpendicularis ſuper al-
              <lb/>
            teram ſuperficiem, ſecantem ſuperficiem ſuperpoſitam:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17103" xml:space="preserve"> & hæc ſuperficies regulæ ſuperponitur ſu-
              <lb/>
            perficiei duarum differẽtiarum ſibi applicatarum in duabus extremitatibus regulæ:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17104" xml:space="preserve"> ſed ſuperficies
              <lb/>
            duarum differentiarum ſuperponitur oræ inſtrumenti.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17105" xml:space="preserve"> Ergo ſuperficies medij circuli eſt perpen-
              <lb/>
            dicularis ſuper ſuperficiem tranſeuntem ſuper oram inſtrumenti.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17106" xml:space="preserve"> Et hæc ſuperficies tranſiens per
              <lb/>
            oram inſtrumenti, eſt æquidiſtans horizonti apud experimẽtationem.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17107" xml:space="preserve"> Superficies ergo medij cir-
              <lb/>
            culi eſt perpendicularis ſuper ſuperficiem horizontis.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17108" xml:space="preserve"> Cum ergo declaratũ ſit [4.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17109" xml:space="preserve"> 7.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17110" xml:space="preserve"> 8 n] quòd lux,
              <lb/>
            quæ eſt in aere, & refringitur in aqua, eſt apud experim entationem in circumferẽtia medij circuli:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17111" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            manifeſtum, quòd lux, quę extenditur in aere, & refringitur in aqua, eſt ſemper in eadem ſuperficie
              <lb/>
            æquali ſuper ſuperficiem horizontis.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17112" xml:space="preserve"> Et etiam imaginemur lineam à
              <lb/>
              <figure xlink:label="fig-0248-01" xlink:href="fig-0248-01a" number="213">
                <variables xml:id="echoid-variables200" xml:space="preserve">a d c g b e f</variables>
              </figure>
            centro medij circuli ad centrum mundi:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17113" xml:space="preserve"> ſic ergo linea hæc erit per-
              <lb/>
            pendicularis ſuper ſuperficiem aquæ [ut oſtenſum eſt 25 n 4] quia
              <lb/>
            eſt diameter mundi:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17114" xml:space="preserve"> ſed hęc linea eſt in ſuperficie medij circuli:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17115" xml:space="preserve"> ergo
              <lb/>
            eſt in ſuperficie refractionis.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17116" xml:space="preserve"> Ergo ſuperficies refractionis eſt perpen
              <lb/>
            dicularis ſuper ſuperficiem aquæ.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17117" xml:space="preserve"> Et iam declaratũ eſt, quòd cũ lux
              <lb/>
            refringitur ex aere ad aquam:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17118" xml:space="preserve"> erit inter primam lineã, per quã exten-
              <lb/>
            ditur in aere, quæ eſt inter diametrũ medij circuli, & inter perpendi-
              <lb/>
            cularem, exeuntẽ à cẽtro medij circuli ſuper ſuperficiẽ aquæ.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17119" xml:space="preserve"> Et iam
              <lb/>
            declaratum eſt etiã, quòd lux, quæ eſt in puncto, quod eſt centrũ lu-
              <lb/>
            cis, quæ eſt intra aquã, non peruenit ad ipſum, niſi ex luce, quæ extẽ
              <lb/>
            ditur à cẽtro medij circuli.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17120" xml:space="preserve"> Lux ergo, quę refringitur ex aere ad aquã,
              <lb/>
            refringitur in ſuperficie perpendiculari ſuper ſuperficiẽ aquæ.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17121" xml:space="preserve"> Et re-
              <lb/>
            fractio eius erit ad partẽ perpẽdicularis exeuntis à loco refractionis
              <lb/>
            ſuper ſuperficiẽ aquæ & nõ perueniet ad perpendicularẽ.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17122" xml:space="preserve"> Refractio
              <lb/>
            autẽ lucis ab aere ad uitrũ hoc modo fit.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17123" xml:space="preserve"> Declaratũ eſt enim in expe-
              <lb/>
            rimentatione uitri, quòd cũ linea, quæ tranſit per centra duorũ fora-
              <lb/>
            minũ, fuerit obliqua ſuper ſuperficiẽ uitri æqualẽ, & tranſiuerit per
              <lb/>
            centrũ uitri, & ſuperficies uitri æqualis fuerit ex parte foraminum:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17124" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            tunc refringetur apud centrũ uitri:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17125" xml:space="preserve"> & refractio eius erit in ſuperficie
              <lb/>
            circuli medij ad partẽ, in qua eſt perpendicularis, exiens à cẽtro uitri
              <lb/>
            ſuper ſuperficiẽ uitri æqualẽ.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17126" xml:space="preserve"> Et declaratũ eſt etiã, quòd cũ linea, quę
              <lb/>
            tranſit per cẽtra duorũ foraminũ, fuerit obliqua ſuper ſuperficiẽ ui-
              <lb/>
            tri ſphæricã:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17127" xml:space="preserve"> & ſuperficies ſphærica fuerit ex parte foraminũ:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17128" xml:space="preserve"> tũc lux
              <lb/>
            refringetur in corpore uitri, & apud ſuperficiẽ uitri ſphæricã:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17129" xml:space="preserve"> & erit
              <lb/>
            refractio eius in ſuperficie medij circuli, & ad partẽ perpendicularis,
              <lb/>
            exeuntis à loco refractionis ſuper ſuperficiẽ uitri ſphæricam.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17130" xml:space="preserve"> Et ſu-
              <lb/>
            perficies uitri æqualis, in qua eſt centrũ uitrei circuli, eſt perpendi-
              <lb/>
            cularis ſuper ſuperficiem laminæ.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17131" xml:space="preserve"> Eſt ergo perpendicularis ſuper ſu-
              <lb/>
            perficiem medij circuli.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s17132" xml:space="preserve"> Superficies ergo medij circuli eſt perpendicularis ſuper ſuperficiem uitri
              <lb/>
            </s>
          </p>
        </div>
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