Ibn-al-Haitam, al-Hasan Ibn-al-Hasan; Witelo; Risner, Friedrich, Opticae thesavrvs Alhazeni Arabis libri septem, nunc primùm editi. Eivsdem liber De Crepvscvlis & Nubium ascensionibus. Item Vitellonis Thuvringopoloni Libri X. Omnes instaurati, figuris illustrati & aucti, adiectis etiam in Alhazenum commentarijs, a Federico Risnero, 1572

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          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18553" xml:space="preserve">
              <pb o="267" file="0273" n="273" rhead="OPTICAE LIBER VII."/>
            ſtentem in aliquo corpore diaphano diuerſo ab aere:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18554" xml:space="preserve"> fit pyramis refracta, cuius caput eſt punctum
              <lb/>
            in aere, & baſis eſt illa res uiſa:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18555" xml:space="preserve"> & erit refractio eius apud ſuperficiem corporis ab aere diuerſi.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18556" xml:space="preserve"> O-
              <lb/>
            mnis ergo res uiſa in corpore diaphano diuerſo ab aere, quando comprehenditur à uiſu:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18557" xml:space="preserve"> compre-
              <lb/>
            henditur à forma extenſa in pyramide refracta, adunata apud punctum exiſtens in cẽtro uiſus.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18558" xml:space="preserve"> Hoc
              <lb/>
            ergo modo comprchendit uiſus ea, quæ refractè comprehendit.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18559" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
        </div>
        <div xml:id="echoid-div603" type="section" level="0" n="0">
          <head xml:id="echoid-head519" xml:space="preserve" style="it">35. Imago uiſibilis refracti aßimilatur figuræ refractiui. 46 p 10.</head>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18560" xml:space="preserve">IN capitulo autem imaginis declarauimus, quòd omne uiſum comprehenditur à uiſu ultra ima-
              <lb/>
            ginem:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18561" xml:space="preserve"> & locus imaginis eſt punctum, in quo ſecant ſe linea radialis, per quam extenditur for-
              <lb/>
            ma ad uiſum, & perpẽdicularis exiens à puncto uiſo.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18562" xml:space="preserve"> Si ergo imaginati fuerimus, quòd ab uno-
              <lb/>
            quoq;</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18563" xml:space="preserve"> puncto rei uiſæ exit perpendicularis ad ſuperficiem corporis diaphani, in quo eſt res uiſa:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18564" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            tunc habebimus quoddam corpus, exiens à uiſu ad ſuperficiem corporis diaphani:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18565" xml:space="preserve"> unde ſequitur
              <lb/>
            quòd iſtud corpus ſecet pyramidem refractam, & illa ſuperficies, in qua ſecãt ſe, eſt imago illius rei
              <lb/>
            uiſæ.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18566" xml:space="preserve"> Si ergo ſuperficies corporis diaphani, in quo eſt res uiſa, fuerit æ qualis:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18567" xml:space="preserve"> tunc corpus imagina-
              <lb/>
            tum continens omnes perpendiculares, erit æqualis ſuperficiei.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18568" xml:space="preserve"> Quare imago addit parum ſuper
              <lb/>
            rem uiſam.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18569" xml:space="preserve"> Et ſi corpus fuerit ſphæricum, & conuexum eius ex parte uiſus, & centrum eius fuerit
              <lb/>
            ſuper illam rem uiſam:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18570" xml:space="preserve"> tunc corpus imaginatum erit pyramidale, cuius caput eſt centrum ſphæræ:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18571" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            & quantò magis exten ditur à ſuperficie corporis ſphærici, tantò magis amplificabitur:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18572" xml:space="preserve"> & ſi ſectio
              <lb/>
            fuerit inter rem uiſam & ſuperficiem ſphæricam:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18573" xml:space="preserve"> tunc imago erit amplior illa re uiſa:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18574" xml:space="preserve"> Si autẽ ſectio
              <lb/>
            fuerit ultra rem uiſam:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18575" xml:space="preserve"> tunc imago erit ſtrictior re uiſa.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18576" xml:space="preserve"> Si uerò res uiſa fuerit ultra ſuperficiem ſphę
              <lb/>
            ricam:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18577" xml:space="preserve"> tunc corpus imaginatum, erunt duæ pyramides oppoſitæ, quarum caput centrum ſphæræ.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18578" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            Quare cum loca ſectionis inter corpus imaginatum & pyramidem poſsint eſſe diuerſa:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18579" xml:space="preserve"> fortè locus
              <lb/>
            ſectionis, in quo eſt imago, erit maior uiſo, fortè minor, fortè æqualis.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18580" xml:space="preserve"> Si uerò corpus diaphanum
              <lb/>
            fuerit ſphæricum, & concauitas eius fuerit ex parte uiſus:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18581" xml:space="preserve"> tunc corpus imaginatum erit pyramis,
              <lb/>
            cuius caput eſt centrum ſphæræ.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18582" xml:space="preserve"> Quantò ergo magis extenditur hoc corpus in partem ſuperficiei
              <lb/>
            ſpheræ, tantò magis adunatur & conſtringitur, & quantò magis extenditur in aliam partem, tantò
              <lb/>
            magis amplificatur:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18583" xml:space="preserve"> ſuperficies enim continua parua, erit media inter centrum eius, & ſphæram.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18584" xml:space="preserve"> Si
              <lb/>
            nerò locus ſectionis huius corporis cum pyramide refracta fuerit propinquior centro concauita-
              <lb/>
            tis ſphæræ, quàm res uiſa:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18585" xml:space="preserve"> erit imago minor ipſa re uiſa.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18586" xml:space="preserve"> Si aũt fuerit remotior à centro cõcauitatis,
              <lb/>
            quàm res uiſa:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18587" xml:space="preserve"> erit imago maior, quàm res uiſa.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18588" xml:space="preserve"> Et cum una res uiſa comprehenditur à pluribus uiſi
              <lb/>
            bus in uno momento:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18589" xml:space="preserve"> omnes imagines, quas illi uiſus comprehendunt, erunt in illo tempore in u-
              <lb/>
            no imaginato, quod eſt perpendiculare ſuper ſuperficiem corporis diaphani.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18590" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
        </div>
        <div xml:id="echoid-div604" type="section" level="0" n="0">
          <head xml:id="echoid-head520" xml:space="preserve" style="it">36. Vtro uiſu una refracti uiſibilis imago uidetur. 47 p 10.</head>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18591" xml:space="preserve">ET una res uiſibilis comprehenditur ab uno homine in uno tempore, ultra corpus diaphanũ
              <lb/>
            diuerſum à diaphanitate corporis, in quo eſt uiſus, utro q;</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18592" xml:space="preserve"> uiſu:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18593" xml:space="preserve"> & tamen comprehendit rem
              <lb/>
            illam unam.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18594" xml:space="preserve"> Si enim homo comprehenderit aliquid de eis, quæ ſunt in cœlo, aut in a qua, aut
              <lb/>
            ultra uitrum, & cooperuerit alterum uiſum:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18595" xml:space="preserve"> nihilo minus cõprehendet illud reliquo.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18596" xml:space="preserve"> Ex quo patet,
              <lb/>
            quòd una res uiſa exiſtens ultra corpus diaphanum, diuerſum ab aere, comprehendetur utroq;</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18597" xml:space="preserve"> ui-
              <lb/>
            ſu, & altero uiſu.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18598" xml:space="preserve"> Cauſſa autem huius eſt, ut in tertio libro [9.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18599" xml:space="preserve"> 14 n] diximus:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18600" xml:space="preserve"> quoniã in omni pun-
              <lb/>
            cto cuiuslibet uiſi comprehenſibilis rectè & utroq;</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18601" xml:space="preserve"> uiſu, in quo cõiuncti fuerint duo radij utriuſq;</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18602" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            uiſus conſimilis poſitionis, quantùm ad duos axes uiſuum:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18603" xml:space="preserve"> comprehendetur unum:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18604" xml:space="preserve"> & ſi in ipſo ag-
              <lb/>
            gregati fuerintra dij diuerſæ poſitionis, quantùm ad duos axes uiſuum:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18605" xml:space="preserve"> comprehendentur duo:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18606" xml:space="preserve"> &
              <lb/>
            in maiore parte, eorum quæ comprehenduntur, poſitio eſt conſimilis.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18607" xml:space="preserve"> Hæc autem, quæ ſunt diuer-
              <lb/>
            ſæ poſitionis, reſpectu utriuſque uiſus, ſunt ualderara, ut in tertio diximus tractatu.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18608" xml:space="preserve"> Et illud, quod
              <lb/>
            comprehenditur refractè, comprehenditur in loco imaginis:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18609" xml:space="preserve"> forma autem, quæ eſt in loco imagi-
              <lb/>
            nis, comprehẽditur à uiſu rectè, poſitio autem huius formæ, quæ eſt imago reſpectu uiſus:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18610" xml:space="preserve"> eſt, ſicut
              <lb/>
            poſitio alterius rei uiſæ earum, quæ uidentur rectè.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18611" xml:space="preserve"> Vnde poſitio harum imaginum, reſpectu uiſus,
              <lb/>
            eſt in maiore parte conſimilis:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18612" xml:space="preserve"> & in omni puncto imaginis congregantur duo radij duorum uiſuũ
              <lb/>
            conſimilis poſitionis.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18613" xml:space="preserve"> Quare una res uiſa uidetur una utroq;</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18614" xml:space="preserve"> uiſu.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18615" xml:space="preserve"> Et ut hoc euidentius declaretur:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18616" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            dicamus, quodiam diximus:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18617" xml:space="preserve"> quòd omne punctum eius, quod comprehenditur refractè:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18618" xml:space="preserve"> compre-
              <lb/>
            henditur in loco imaginis, qui eſt inter punctum ſectionis ex perpendiculari, exeunte ab illo pun-
              <lb/>
            cto ſuper ſuperficiem corporis diaphani, in quo eſt res uiſa, & inter lineam radialem, per quã exten
              <lb/>
            ditur forma ad uiſum.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18619" xml:space="preserve"> Cum ergo aſpiciens comprehenderit punctum alicuius rei utroq;</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18620" xml:space="preserve"> uiſu:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18621" xml:space="preserve"> ima-
              <lb/>
            go illius puncti reſpectu utriuſq;</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18622" xml:space="preserve"> uiſus eſt in perpendiculari, exeunte exillo pũcto, quæ eſt eadem
              <lb/>
            linea.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18623" xml:space="preserve"> Et cum forma illius puncti peruenerit ad duo puncta ſuperficierũ uiſuũ, quorum ſitus reſpe-
              <lb/>
            ctu axis uiſus eſt conſimilis:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18624" xml:space="preserve"> tunc duæ lineæ, per quas formę extendũtur ad utrũq;</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18625" xml:space="preserve"> uiſum:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18626" xml:space="preserve"> perueni-
              <lb/>
            unt ad duo centra duorum uiſuũ.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18627" xml:space="preserve"> Sunt ergo axes, aut habentes ex axibus poſitionem conſimilem:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18628" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            & duo axes uiſuũ ſemper ſunt in eadem ſuperficie:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18629" xml:space="preserve"> & omnes lineæ exeuntes à cẽtro duorum uiſuũ
              <lb/>
            habentes poſitionem conſimilem ab axe communi, erunt in eadem ſuperficie:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18630" xml:space="preserve"> axis enim commu-
              <lb/>
            nis ſemper eſt in eadem ſuperficie.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18631" xml:space="preserve"> Nam ſi aliquid comprehenditur utroq;</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18632" xml:space="preserve"> uiſu in eodem tempore
              <lb/>
            uera comprehenſione:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18633" xml:space="preserve"> tũc axes concurrunt in uno puncto illius rei [per 10.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18634" xml:space="preserve"> 15 n 3.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18635" xml:space="preserve">] Quare ſunt in
              <lb/>
            eadem ſuperficie.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18636" xml:space="preserve"> Item poſitio uiſuum naturalis eſt conſimilis, & non exit à naturali poſitione, niſi
              <lb/>
            per accidens, aut per uiolentiam:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18637" xml:space="preserve"> quare axes eorum ſunt in eadem ſuperficie.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s18638" xml:space="preserve"> Principium enim
              <lb/>
            </s>
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