Bacon, Francis
,
Sylva sylvarum : or, a natural history in ten centuries
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The Hiſtory of Life and Death.
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ing, and that though they be expoſed to the open air; </
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<
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xml:space
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">much more if they be buried
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in the earth. </
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<
s
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echoid-s9257
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xml:space
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">Notwithſtanding Stones gather a kind of Nitre, which is to them inſtead
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of Ruſt. </
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<
s
xml:id
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echoid-s9258
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xml:space
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">Precious Stones and Cryſtals exceed Metalls in long laſting; </
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<
s
xml:id
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echoid-s9259
"
xml:space
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">but then they
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grow dimmer and leſs Orient, if they be very old.</
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<
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echoid-s9260
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<
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<
s
xml:id
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echoid-s9261
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xml:space
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">It is obſerved, that Stones lying to wards the North do ſooner decay with age than
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<
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xml:space
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">4.</
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thoſe that lie to ward the South; </
s
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<
s
xml:id
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echoid-s9262
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xml:space
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">and that appears manifeſtly in Pyramids, and Churches,
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and other ancient Buildings: </
s
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<
s
xml:id
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echoid-s9263
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xml:space
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preserve
">contrariwiſe, in Iron, that expoſed to the South, gathers
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Ruſt ſooner, and that to the North later; </
s
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<
s
xml:id
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echoid-s9264
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xml:space
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">as may be ſeen in the Iron-bars of windows.
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</
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<
s
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">And no marvel, ſeeing in all putrefaction (as Ruſt is) Moiſture haſtens Diſſolutions; </
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in all ſimple Arefaction, Drineſs.</
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<
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<
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<
s
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">In Vegetables, (we ſpeak of ſuch as are fell’d, not growing) the Stocks or Bodies of
<
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<
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">5.</
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harder Trees, and the Timber made of them, laſt divers ages. </
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<
s
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xml:space
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">Butthen there is diffe-
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rence in the be
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dies of Trees: </
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<
s
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xml:space
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">ſome Trees are in a manner ſpongy, as the Elder, in which
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the pith in the midſt is ſoft, and the outward part harder; </
s
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<
s
xml:id
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echoid-s9271
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xml:space
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">but in Timber-trees, as the
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Oak, the inner part (which they call Heart of Oak) laſteth longer.</
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<
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<
s
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echoid-s9273
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">The Leaves, and Flowers, and Stalks of Plants are but of ſhort laſting, but diſſolve into
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duſt, unleſs they putrefie: </
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">the Roots are more durable.</
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<
s
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">The Bones of living Creatures laſt long, as we may ſee it of mens bones in Charnel-
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">7.</
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houſes: </
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<
s
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echoid-s9277
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">Horns alſo laſt very long; </
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<
s
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echoid-s9278
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xml:space
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">ſo do Teeth, as it is ſeen in Ivory, and the Sea-horſe
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Teeth.</
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<
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<
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<
s
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echoid-s9280
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">Hides alſo and Skins endure very long, as is evident in old Parchment-books: </
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<
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">Paper
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likewiſe will laſt many ages, though notſolong as Parchment.</
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<
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<
s
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">Such things as have paſſed the Fire laſt long, as Glaſs and Bricks; </
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<
s
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">likewiſe Fleſh and
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<
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">9.</
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Fruits that have paſſed the Fire laſt longer than Raw: </
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<
s
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">and that not onely becauſe the
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Baking in the Fire forbids putrefaction; </
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<
s
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xml:space
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">but alſo becauſe the watry humour being drawn
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forth, the oily humour ſupports it ſelf the longer.</
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<
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<
s
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">Water of all Liquors is ſooneſt drunk up by Air, contrariwiſe Oil lateſt; </
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<
s
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xml:space
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">which we
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<
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may ſee not onely in the Liquors themſelves, but in the Liquors mixt with other Bodies:
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</
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<
s
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">for Paper wet with water, and ſo getting ſome degree of tranſparency, will ſoon after
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wax white, and loſe the tranſparency again, the watry vapour exhaling; </
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<
s
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">but oiled Paper
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will keep the tranſparency long, the Oil not being apt to exhale: </
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<
s
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xml:space
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">And therefore they
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that counterfeit mens hands, will lay the oiled paper upon the writing they mean to
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counterfeit, and then aſſay to draw the lines.</
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<
s
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">Gums all of them laſt very long; </
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<
s
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">the like do wax and Honey.
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</
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<
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</
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<
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<
s
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">But the equal or unequal uſe of things conduceth no leſs to long laſting or ſhort laſt-
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<
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ing, than the things themſelves; </
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<
s
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">for Timber, and Stones, and other Bodies, ſtanding con-
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tinually in the water, or continually in the air, laſt longer than if they were ſometimes
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wet, ſometimes dry: </
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<
s
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xml:space
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">and ſo Stones continue longer, if they be laid towards the ſame
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coaſt of Heaven in the Building that they lay in the Mine. </
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<
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">The ſameis of Plants re-
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moved, if they be coaſted juſt as they were before.</
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<
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">L Et this be laid for a Foundation, which is moſt ſure, That there is in every Tangible
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<
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body a Spirit, or body Pneumatical, encloſed and covered with the Tangible parts;
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</
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<
s
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">And that from this Spirit is the beginning of all Diſſolution and Conſumption, ſo as
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the Antidote againſt them is the detaining of this Spirit.</
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<
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<
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">This Spirit is detained two ways: </
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<
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">either by a ſtreight Incloſure, as it were in a Pri-
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<
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ſon: </
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<
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">or by a kind of free and voluntary Detention. </
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<
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">Again, this voluntary ſtay is
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perſwaded two ways: </
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<
s
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">either if the Spirit it ſelf be not to moveable or eager to depart;
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</
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<
s
xml:id
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xml:space
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">or if the external Air importune it not too much to come forth. </
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<
s
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xml:space
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">So then, two ſorts of
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Subſtances are durable, Hard Subſtances, and Oily: </
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<
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">Hard Subſtance binds in the
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Spirits cloſe; </
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<
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">Oily partly enticeth the Spirit to stay, partly is of that nature that it is
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not importuned by Air; </
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<
s
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xml:space
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">for Air is conſubſtantial to Water, and Flame to Oil. </
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<
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">And
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touching Nature Durable and not Durable in Bodies Inanimate, thus much.</
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style
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">The Hiſtory.</
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<
s
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">HErbs of the colder ſort die yearly both in Root and Stalk; </
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<
s
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">as Lettice, Purſtane;
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</
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<
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<
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">13.</
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alſo VVheat and all kind of Corn: </
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<
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">yet there are ſome cold Herbs which will </
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