Blancanus, Josephus, Sphaera mvndi, sev cosmographia demonstratiua , ac facile methodo tradita : in qua totius Mundi fabrica, vna cum nouis, Tychonis, Kepleri, Galilaei, aliorumq' ; Astronomorum adinuentis continentur ; Accessere I. Breuis introductio ad geographiam. II. Apparatus ad mathematicarum studium. III. Echometria, idest Geometrica tractatio de Echo. IV. Nouum instrumentum ad Horologia
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        <div xml:id="echoid-div35" type="section" level="1" n="23">
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1717" xml:space="preserve">
              <pb o="15" file="0031" n="31" rhead="Liber Primus."/>
            inueſtigari poſſunt, neglecta tunc meridiana linea: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1718" xml:space="preserve">ſed in ſecundo modo per vmbram ſtyli, ſatis eſt accipe-
              <lb/>
            re vmbram ipſam pro latere vno trianguli A B D. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1719" xml:space="preserve">vti quilibet ſuo marte facilè exequi pote rit. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1720" xml:space="preserve">alios huius
              <lb/>
            inueſtigationis modos, veluti implicatiores, de induſtria miſſos facio.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1721" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1722" xml:space="preserve">6 In ipſo me@idiano ſex puncta maximè notanda exiſtunt, duo mundi poli, Vertex, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1723" xml:space="preserve">Imum cæli; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1724" xml:space="preserve">Se-
              <lb/>
            ptentrio, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1725" xml:space="preserve">Meridies. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1726" xml:space="preserve">Quorum poſtrema, quatuor eodem modo ſe habent in omni terræ loco, vbiq; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1727" xml:space="preserve">enim
              <lb/>
            Septentrio, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1728" xml:space="preserve">Meridies apud communes meridiani, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1729" xml:space="preserve">horizontis ſectiones exiſtunt; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1730" xml:space="preserve">Vertex vero, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1731" xml:space="preserve">Imũ,
              <lb/>
            vbiq; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1732" xml:space="preserve">diſtant per quadrantes, ideſt gr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1733" xml:space="preserve">90. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1734" xml:space="preserve">ab horizonte, ille ſupra, hic infra: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1735" xml:space="preserve">ſiue ſunt poli horizontis. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1736" xml:space="preserve">At
              <lb/>
            vero duo poli variam pro locorum varietate ſortiuntur ab horizonte altitudinem, quæ altitudo, vt ſupra
              <lb/>
            innuimus, ſumenda eſt in circulo meridiano, quia tanta eſt poli altitudo, aut depreſſio, quanta eſt meridia-
              <lb/>
            ni portio ab horizonte ad vtrumuis polum.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1737" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1738" xml:space="preserve">Quoniam verò cognitio altitudinis poli cuiuſuis regionis, ſeu horizontis, magni eſt in rebus Aſtronomi-
              <lb/>
            cis momenti, eius hoc loco expeditiorem, ac certiorem inuentionem exponam. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1739" xml:space="preserve">Quadransigitur noſter,
              <lb/>
            Aſtronomicè in plano horizontali collocetur, vti ſupra dictum eſt, ideſt, ſupra lineam meridianam perpen
              <lb/>
            diculariter, ſed ita vt latus B C. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1740" xml:space="preserve">verſus Septentrionem ſpectet: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1741" xml:space="preserve">hac enim ratione erit conſtitutus in plano
              <lb/>
            circuli meridiani, ſiue meridianum referet, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1742" xml:space="preserve">proinde polum conſpicuum directè aſpiciet. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1743" xml:space="preserve">quo parato, ini-
              <lb/>
            tio alicuius noctis longioris, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1744" xml:space="preserve">ſerenæ, oculus per rimulas pinnularum Dioptræ aſpiciens ad ſtellam quam-
              <lb/>
            piam ex ſemper apparentibus collimet; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1745" xml:space="preserve">nam Dioptra interim ſtellæ altitudinem in arcu D E B. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1746" xml:space="preserve">indicabit,
              <lb/>
            quæ ſit v. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1747" xml:space="preserve">g. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1748" xml:space="preserve">D E. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1749" xml:space="preserve">gr. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1750" xml:space="preserve">36. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1751" xml:space="preserve">poſtea poſt horas circiter, duodecim eandem ſtellam reuiſat, eam enim iterum qua-
              <lb/>
            dranti appropinquantem inueniet: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1752" xml:space="preserve">in eam igitur cùm exactè è regione quadrantis fuerit, iterum collimet,
              <lb/>
            notando eius nouam altitudinem, v.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1753" xml:space="preserve">g. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1754" xml:space="preserve">D G. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1755" xml:space="preserve">Dioptra enim punctum G. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1756" xml:space="preserve">v. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1757" xml:space="preserve">g. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1758" xml:space="preserve">attinget. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1759" xml:space="preserve">poſt hæc, arcũ E G.
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1760" xml:space="preserve">qui inter binas altitudines intercipitur bifariam diuidat, ſitq; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1761" xml:space="preserve">diuiſio in H. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1762" xml:space="preserve">punctum H. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1763" xml:space="preserve">directè polum aſpi-
              <lb/>
            ciet; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1764" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1765" xml:space="preserve">arcus D H. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1766" xml:space="preserve">erit poli quæſita ſublimitas. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1767" xml:space="preserve">cui æqualis neceſſario erit alterius poli depreſſio. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1768" xml:space="preserve">huius ra-
              <lb/>
            tio eſt, quia ſtellæ illæ ad polum, conſpicuum ſitæ, ſunt ſempiternæ apparitionis, ac proinde propè polum
              <lb/>
            diurnas conuerſiones abſoluunt; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1769" xml:space="preserve">quare ſingulis duodenis horis ad meridianum reuertuntur; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1770" xml:space="preserve">quæ igitur ini-
              <lb/>
            tio noctis meridianum ſeu quadrantem pertranſierit, eadem poſt horas 12. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1771" xml:space="preserve">ſemicirculum abſoluens, ad eun-
              <lb/>
            dem meridianum, ſed tamen in alia altitudine reuertetur; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1772" xml:space="preserve">cum autem gyri eius ſint circumpolares, erit po-
              <lb/>
            lus inter vtramque altitudinem veluti centrum, medius. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1773" xml:space="preserve">ſi verò contingat obſeruatam ſtellam propius ho-
              <lb/>
            rizontem deſcendere, conſultum fuerit, aliam ab horizonte remotiorem, ac polum quam proximè circun-
              <lb/>
            dantem affumere. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1774" xml:space="preserve">quæ enim horizontem magis appetunt, eæ ob inſidentes horizõti vapores refractionem
              <lb/>
            patiuntur, ac proinde iuſto altiores collimantibus apparent: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1775" xml:space="preserve">vnde, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1776" xml:space="preserve">obſeruationi fallaciam inducerent. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1777" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            Sed etiam ex materiali Sphæra, idem reperies ſic; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1778" xml:space="preserve">Habeas primum gradum Eciypticæ, quem Sol obtinet
              <lb/>
            tunc, cum hanc poli altitudinem quæris: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1779" xml:space="preserve">nos infra in Eclyptica, officio 9. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1780" xml:space="preserve">id docemus gradum hunc meri-
              <lb/>
            diano applica. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1781" xml:space="preserve">Iam Sphæra Aſtronomicè ſita, Sole autem meridiem efficiente, ac Sphæra illuſtrante, ita
              <lb/>
            meridianum reuolue per horizontis inciſuras, vt vmbra Zodiaci tota cadat in partem alteram ipſius Zodia-
              <lb/>
            ci exactè, ideſt, pars Zodiaci illuſtrata, alteram partem exactè adumbret; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1782" xml:space="preserve">in hoc enim ſitu polus Sphęræ ean-
              <lb/>
            dem ſortietur altitudinem ſupra horlzontem Sphæræ quam polus mundi habet ſupra mundi horizontem. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1783" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            Non eſt autem ignorandum tantam eſſe poli altitudinem, quanta eſt eiuſdem loci latitudo.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1784" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1785" xml:space="preserve">Poſſumus autem per Magneticam acum, eo modo accomodatam, quem docet Guilelmus Gilbertus de
              <lb/>
            Magnetica Philoſophia, hanc poli altitudinem @imari. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1786" xml:space="preserve">porro huius nouæ, acmirabiſis Herculei lapidis
              <lb/>
            proprietatis, primus, ac nouus obſeruator extitit Robertus Normanus, vt ipſe in ſuo attractiuo tradit:
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1787" xml:space="preserve">quare lapis hic verè Herculeus; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1788" xml:space="preserve">non ſolum ad meridianam lineam, ſed etiam ad poli altitudinem, hoc eſt,
              <lb/>
            ad mundi Sphæræ conſtitutionem nos edocendum, magna erga nos naturæ munificentia, natus, atq; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1789" xml:space="preserve">in
              <lb/>
            Aſtronomorum auxilium comparatus videtur: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1790" xml:space="preserve">vt merito non ſolum Herculeus, ſed etiam lapis dici merea-
              <lb/>
            tur Aſtronomicus.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1791" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1792" xml:space="preserve">7 Inuenta @am linea meridiana in horizontali plano, necnon poli altitudine, ſupra illud, facile erit ma-
              <lb/>
            terialem Sphæram Aſtronomicè collocare: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1793" xml:space="preserve">quæ res perſæpe in hac ſphærali ſcientia vſui eſt; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1794" xml:space="preserve">fit autem hoc
              <lb/>
            modo. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1795" xml:space="preserve">Eam in plano horizontali in quo ſit meridiana deſignata, ſtatuatur, ita vt & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1796" xml:space="preserve">horizon ſit exactè ho-
              <lb/>
            rizontali plano æquidiſtans, ideſt, ad libeſlam ſitus, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1797" xml:space="preserve">meridianus ad vnguem meridiei lineæ incumbat, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1798" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            polus conſpicuus ad Septentrionem conuerſus, ſit ſupra horizontem eleuatus iuxta loci dati eleuationem.
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1799" xml:space="preserve">In hac enim ſituatione omnes Sphæræ partes, ac circuli partibus, ac ciroulis Sphæræ mundi correſpon-
              <lb/>
            debunt; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1800" xml:space="preserve">Vnde totius mundi conſtitutionem in data regione cognoſces, ideſt, ex qua parte ſit Septentrio,
              <lb/>
            ex qua Meridies, vbi Oriens, Occidens, vnde venti omnes expirent. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1801" xml:space="preserve">Quod ſi erexeris è verticè Sphæ-
              <lb/>
            ræ bracteola. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1802" xml:space="preserve">vel quippiam a vento facilè mobile, id flantem tunc ventum indicabit, nomina enim vento-
              <lb/>
            rum ſcripta ſunt in horizonte; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1803" xml:space="preserve">is igitur ventus fl bit, à quo directè bracteola auertetur. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1804" xml:space="preserve">Ex eadem Sphæræ
              <lb/>
            poſitione apparebit, vbl in cælo ſit polus conſpicuus; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1805" xml:space="preserve">Qua etiam Æquator, ac Tropici in cælo incedant,
              <lb/>
            atque à vertice diſtent: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1806" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1807" xml:space="preserve">alia huiuſmodi. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1808" xml:space="preserve">Hæc eſt igitur Aſtronomica Sphæræ conſtitutio, quam opere-
              <lb/>
            prætium eſt rectè percipere.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1809" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1810" xml:space="preserve">8 Meridianus circulus Geographis plurimum vſui eſt, opera enim ipſius locorum longitudines, ac la-
              <lb/>
            titudines metiuntur. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1811" xml:space="preserve">Eſt autem Geographis locorum longitudo, diſtantia eorum ab vltimo terræ termi-
              <lb/>
            no occidentali terræ, inquam, priſ is cognitæ: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1812" xml:space="preserve">vltimæ autem terræ continentes occidentales, erantoræ
              <lb/>
            maritimæ Hiſpaniæ, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1813" xml:space="preserve">Africæ occidentales, quæ Atlantico Oceano alluuntur; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1814" xml:space="preserve">Inſulæ vero omn@um oc-
              <lb/>
            @identali ſſimæ erant, quæ in eodem O@eano ſitæ Fortunatæ dicuntur; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1815" xml:space="preserve">Qua propter ſtatuerunt harum In-
              <lb/>
            ſ@larum meridianum debere eſſe primum omnium meridianorum numerando, deinceps cæteros </s>
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