Ibn-al-Haitam, al-Hasan Ibn-al-Hasan; Witelo; Risner, Friedrich, Opticae thesavrvs Alhazeni Arabis libri septem, nunc primùm editi. Eivsdem liber De Crepvscvlis & Nubium ascensionibus. Item Vitellonis Thuvringopoloni Libri X. Omnes instaurati, figuris illustrati & aucti, adiectis etiam in Alhazenum commentarijs, a Federico Risnero, 1572

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            <s xml:id="echoid-s1599" xml:space="preserve">
              <pb o="27" file="0033" n="33" rhead="OPTICAE LIBER II."/>
            duntur ſecundum iſtam ordinationem, oportet, ut forma perueniens ad quodlibet punctum ſuper
              <lb/>
            ficiei glacialis, ſemper extendatur ſuper eandem uerticationem ad idem punctum loci nerui com-
              <lb/>
            munis, ad quod peruenit forma:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1600" xml:space="preserve"> ſed tamẽ forma perueniens ad quodlibet punctum ſuperficiei gla-
              <lb/>
            cialis, peruenit ſemper ad idem punctum ſuperficiei uitrei.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1601" xml:space="preserve"> Et ſequitur ex hoc, ut ex omnibus duo-
              <lb/>
            bus punctis conſimilis ſitus in reſpectu duorum oculorum, extendantur duæ formæ ad idem pun-
              <lb/>
            ctum in neruo communi:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1602" xml:space="preserve"> & etiam ſequitur ex hoc, ut corpus ſentiens, quod eſt in cõcauo nerui, ſit
              <lb/>
            aliquantulum diaphanum, ut appareant in eo formæ lucis & coloris.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1603" xml:space="preserve"> Et etiam ſequitur, ut ſit eius
              <lb/>
            diaphanitas ſimilis diaphanitati humoris uitrei, ut nõ refringantur formæ apud peruentum earum
              <lb/>
            ad ultimam ſuperficiem uitrei, uicinantem concauo nerui:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1604" xml:space="preserve"> quoniam quando diaphanitas duorum
              <lb/>
            corporum fuerit conſimilis, non refringentur formæ.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1605" xml:space="preserve"> Et non eſt poſsibile, ut formæ refringantur
              <lb/>
            apud iſtam ſuperficiem:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1606" xml:space="preserve"> quoniam iſta ſuperficies eſt ſphærica.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1607" xml:space="preserve"> Si autem formæ refringerẽtur ab iſta
              <lb/>
            ſuperficie, non elongarentur ab ea, niſi modicùm, & fierent ſtatim monſtruoſæ.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1608" xml:space="preserve"> Refractio ergo for-
              <lb/>
            marum non poteſt eſſe apud iſtam ſuperficiem.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1609" xml:space="preserve"> Et cum diaphanitas corporis ſentientis, quod eſt in
              <lb/>
            concauo nerui, non ſit diuerſa à diaphanitate humoris uitrei:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1610" xml:space="preserve"> non faciet contingere iſta diuerſitas
              <lb/>
            aliquam diuerſitatem in forma.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1611" xml:space="preserve"> Et quamuis forma extendatur cum extenſione ſenſus:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1612" xml:space="preserve"> diaphanitas
              <lb/>
            tamen corporis ſentientis, quod eſt in concauo nerui, nõ eſt diuerſa à diaphanitate corporis uitrei.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1613" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            Diaphanitas autem iſta iſtius corporis non eſt, niſi ut extendantur formæ in eo ſecundum uertica-
              <lb/>
            tiones, quas exigit diaphanitas, & ut recipiat formas lucis & coloris, & ut appareãt in eo:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1614" xml:space="preserve"> quoniam
              <lb/>
            corpus non recipit lucem & colorem, neque pertranſeuntin eo formæ lucis & coloris, niſi ſit dia-
              <lb/>
            phanum, aut fuerit in eo aliquid diaphanitatis.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1615" xml:space="preserve"> Et nõ apparet lux & color in corpore diaphano, niſi
              <lb/>
            ſit in eius diaphanitate aliquid ſpiſsitudinis:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1616" xml:space="preserve"> & propter hoc non eſt glacialis in fine diaphanitatis,
              <lb/>
            neque in ſine ſpiſsitudinis.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1617" xml:space="preserve"> Corpus ergo ſentiens, quod eſt in concauo nerui, eſt diaphanum, & in
              <lb/>
            eo eſt inſuper aliquid ſpiſsitudinis.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1618" xml:space="preserve"> Forma autem pertranſit in iſto corpore cũ eo, quod eſt in eo de
              <lb/>
            diaphanitate:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1619" xml:space="preserve"> & apparent in eo formæ uirtuti ſenſitiuæ cũ eo, quod eſt in eo de ſpiſsitudine.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1620" xml:space="preserve"> Et ſen-
              <lb/>
            tiens ultimum non comprehendit formas lucis & coloris, niſi ex formis peruenientibus ad iſtud
              <lb/>
            corpu
              <gap/>
            apud peruentum earum ad neruum communem:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1621" xml:space="preserve"> & comprehẽdit lucem ex illuminatione
              <lb/>
            iſtius corporis, & colorem ex coloratione.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1622" xml:space="preserve"> Secũdum ergo hunc modum erit peruentus formarum
              <lb/>
            ad ultimum ſentiens, & comprehenſio ultimi ſentientis quò ad illas.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1623" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
        </div>
        <div xml:id="echoid-div60" type="section" level="0" n="0">
          <head xml:id="echoid-head84" xml:space="preserve" style="it">7. Axis pyramidis opticæ ſol{us} ad perpendiculum eſt cõmuni ſectioni cryſtallinæ & uitreæ
            <lb/>
          ſphærarum. 24 p 3.</head>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1624" xml:space="preserve">ET poſtquam declaratum eſt, quòd formæ refringãtur apud ſuperficiem uitrei:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1625" xml:space="preserve"> dicamus quòd
              <lb/>
            axis pyramidis radialis nõ poteſt eſſe declinans ſuper iſtam ſuperficiem, neq;</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1626" xml:space="preserve"> poteſt eſſe alia
              <lb/>
            linea perpendicularis ſuper ipſam.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1627" xml:space="preserve"> Quoniam ſi axis fuerit declinans ſuper iſtam ſuperficiem,
              <lb/>
            quando formæ peruenirent ad iſtam ſuperficiem, diuerſificarentur in ordinatione, & mutarentur
              <lb/>
            ipſarum diſpoſitiones.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1628" xml:space="preserve"> Formæ autem non poſſunt peruenire in ſuperficiem uitrei ſecundum ſuum
              <lb/>
            eſſe, niſi fuerit axis pyramidis ſuper iſtam ſuperficiem perpendicularis.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1629" xml:space="preserve"> Quoniam quãdo uiſus fue-
              <lb/>
            rit oppoſitus alicui rei uiſæ, & peruenerit axis radialis ſuper iſtam ſuperficiem iſtius rei uiſæ:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1630" xml:space="preserve"> per-
              <lb/>
            ueniet forma illius rei uiſæ in ſuperficiem glacialis ordinata ſecundum ordinationem partium ſu-
              <lb/>
            perſiciei rei uiſæ, & perueniet forma puncti, quod eſt apud extremitatem axis ſuperficiei rei uiſæ,
              <lb/>
            ad punctum, quod eſt ſuper axem in ſuperficie glacialis [per 18 n 1] & peruenient formæ omnium
              <lb/>
            punctorum ſuperficiei rei uiſæ, quorũ remotio à puncto, quod eſt apud extremitatẽ axis, eſt æqua-
              <lb/>
            lis, ad puncta formarum, quæ ſunt in ſuperficie glacialis, quorum remotio à puncto, quod eſt ſuper
              <lb/>
            axem, æqualis eſt:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1631" xml:space="preserve"> quoniam omnia puncta peruenientia ad ſuperficiem glacialis, ſunt ſuper lineas
              <lb/>
            radiales extenſas à centro uiſus ad ſuperficiem uiſus, & axis radialis eſt perpendicularis ſuper ſu-
              <lb/>
            perficiem glacialis.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1632" xml:space="preserve"> Omnes ergo ſuperficies planæ exeuntes ab axe, & ſecantes ſuperficiem glacia-
              <lb/>
            lis, erunt [per 18 p 11] perpendiculares ſuper iſtam ſuperficiem.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1633" xml:space="preserve"> Et iam declaratum eſt [3 n] quòd
              <lb/>
            ſuperficies humoris uitrei, aut eſt plana, aut eſt ſphærica, & centrum eius non eſt centrum uiſus.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1634" xml:space="preserve"> Si
              <lb/>
            ergo axis radialis eſt declinans ſuper iſtam ſuperficiem, & nõ eſt perpendicularis ſuper ipſam:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1635" xml:space="preserve"> non
              <lb/>
            exibit ab axe ſuperficies plana perpendicularis ſuper iſtam ſuperficiẽ, niſi una ſuperficies tantùm,
              <lb/>
            & omnes ſuperficies reſiduæ exeuntes ab axe erunt declinãtes ſuper ipſam:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1636" xml:space="preserve"> quoniam hæc eſt pro-
              <lb/>
            prietas linearũ declinantium ſuper ſuperficies planas & ſphæricas.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1637" xml:space="preserve"> Imaginemur igitur ſuperficiem
              <lb/>
            a b c d, exeuntem ab axe a c, & perpendicula-
              <lb/>
              <figure xlink:label="fig-0033-01" xlink:href="fig-0033-01a" number="8">
                <variables xml:id="echoid-variables1" xml:space="preserve">a b d h g e f i c</variables>
              </figure>
            riter ſuper ſuperficiem uitrei f g e extendi:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1638" xml:space="preserve"> ſe-
              <lb/>
            cabit ergo ſuperficiem uitrei & ſuperficiẽ gla-
              <lb/>
            cialis, & ſignabit in eis duas differentias com-
              <lb/>
            munes:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1639" xml:space="preserve"> in glaciali quidem b d, in uitreo uerò
              <lb/>
            e f:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1640" xml:space="preserve"> & imaginemur ſuper differẽtiam commu-
              <lb/>
            nem, quæ eſt communis huic ſuperficiei & ſu-
              <lb/>
            perficiei glacialis, duo puncta b, d:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1641" xml:space="preserve"> & ſint re-
              <lb/>
            mota à puncto a, quod eſt ſuper axem, æquali-
              <lb/>
            ter:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1642" xml:space="preserve"> & imaginemur duas lineas exeuntes à cen
              <lb/>
            tro glacialis, quod eſt c, uſq;</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1643" xml:space="preserve"> ad iſta duo pũcta
              <lb/>
            b, d, & ſint c b, c d.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s1644" xml:space="preserve"> Erũt ergo [per 1 p 11] hę duæ
              <lb/>
            </s>
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