Ibn-al-Haitam, al-Hasan Ibn-al-Hasan; Witelo; Risner, Friedrich, Opticae thesavrvs Alhazeni Arabis libri septem, nunc primùm editi. Eivsdem liber De Crepvscvlis & Nubium ascensionibus. Item Vitellonis Thuvringopoloni Libri X. Omnes instaurati, figuris illustrati & aucti, adiectis etiam in Alhazenum commentarijs, a Federico Risnero, 1572

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        <div xml:id="echoid-div879" type="section" level="0" n="0">
          <head xml:id="echoid-head712" xml:space="preserve">VITELLONIS FI-
            <lb/>
          LII THVRINGORVM ET PO-
            <lb/>
          LONORVM OPTICAE LIBER SECVNDVS.</head>
          <p style="it">
            <s xml:id="echoid-s23988" xml:space="preserve">VNiuerſalib{us} hui{us} ſcientiæ axiomatib{us} mathematicis præmißis:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s23989" xml:space="preserve"> in hoc
              <lb/>
            ſecundo libro (ut promiſim{us}) uniuerſali actioni ſenſibilium formarum
              <lb/>
            quædã præambula naturalia præmittentes, de modo proiectionis luminis
              <lb/>
            per mediũ uni{us} diaphani, uel pluriũ ſuper diuerſas figuras corporum, &
              <lb/>
            de proiectione umbrarũ, & de figuratione lucis cadentis per fenestras aggredimur tra-
              <lb/>
            ctatum, ut de ijs, ſine quibus ſermonẽ uiſibilium formarũ aggredi conueniens non fuit,
              <lb/>
            prout in proceſſu postmodum patebit:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s23990" xml:space="preserve"> quæ uerò præmittim{us}, ut nota ſenſui, ſunt iſta.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s23991" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
        </div>
        <div xml:id="echoid-div880" type="section" level="0" n="0">
          <head xml:id="echoid-head713" xml:space="preserve">DEFINITIONES.</head>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s23992" xml:space="preserve">1.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s23993" xml:space="preserve"> Corpus luminoſum, dicitur omne corpus, quod eſt ſui luminis diffuſiuũ.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s23994" xml:space="preserve"> 2.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s23995" xml:space="preserve"> Cor
              <lb/>
            pus diaphanum dιcitur omne corpus, per quod lumini patet tranſitus.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s23996" xml:space="preserve"> 3.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s23997" xml:space="preserve"> Corpus
              <lb/>
            umbroſum dicitur corpus, per quod lumini non patet tranſitus.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s23998" xml:space="preserve"> 4.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s23999" xml:space="preserve"> Lux prima dici-
              <lb/>
            turilla, quæ efficit ſecundã, ſicut lux intrans domũ per feneſtrã, & illuminãs domũ
              <lb/>
            reſiduã in loco, cui incidit, dicitur prima:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24000" xml:space="preserve"> in angulis uerò domus dicitur lux ſecun-
              <lb/>
            da.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24001" xml:space="preserve"> 5.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24002" xml:space="preserve"> Lux minima dicitur, quæ ſi diuidi intelligatur, nõ habebit amplius actũ lucis.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24003" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            6.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24004" xml:space="preserve"> Radius dicitur linea luminoſa.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24005" xml:space="preserve"> 7.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24006" xml:space="preserve"> Linea radialis dicitur linea, per quam fit diffuſio
              <lb/>
            formarũ.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24007" xml:space="preserve"> 8.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24008" xml:space="preserve"> Linea refracta dicitur linea, cuius partes angulũ continẽt.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24009" xml:space="preserve"> 9.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24010" xml:space="preserve"> Pyramis ra-
              <lb/>
            dialis dicitur pyramis, cuius baſis eſt in ſuperficie corporis ſuã formã diffundentis,
              <lb/>
            & uertex in puncto alterius corporis cuiuſcunq;</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24011" xml:space="preserve">. 10.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24012" xml:space="preserve"> Pyramis illuminatiõis dicitur
              <lb/>
            illa, cuius uertex eſt in pũcto corporis luminoſi, & baſis in ſuperficie rei illuminatę.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24013" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
        </div>
        <div xml:id="echoid-div881" type="section" level="0" n="0">
          <head xml:id="echoid-head714" xml:space="preserve">PETITIONES.</head>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24014" xml:space="preserve">Petimus autẽ hæc, ut per ſe ſenſui nota:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24015" xml:space="preserve"> 1.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24016" xml:space="preserve"> Lucẽ cõpreſſam fortiorẽ eſſe luce diſ-
              <lb/>
            gregata.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24017" xml:space="preserve"> 2.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24018" xml:space="preserve"> Item lucem fortiorem uehementius illuminare, & lõgius ſe diffundere.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24019" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            3.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24020" xml:space="preserve"> Item in abſentia luminis umbram fieri.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24021" xml:space="preserve"> 4.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24022" xml:space="preserve"> Item in allatione luminis umbram defi
              <lb/>
            cere.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24023" xml:space="preserve"> 5.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24024" xml:space="preserve"> Item aliquam umbram in ſui termino acui, & ad punctum terminari.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24025" xml:space="preserve"> 6.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24026" xml:space="preserve"> Item
              <lb/>
            lucẽ ad omnẽ poſitionis differentiam ęqualiter diffundi.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24027" xml:space="preserve"> 7.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24028" xml:space="preserve"> Item lucẽ res coloratas
              <lb/>
            pertrãſeuntẽ illarũ coloribus colorari, ut patet de luce trãſeunte uitreas feneſtras,
              <lb/>
            quę illorũ uitrorũ colorib.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24029" xml:space="preserve"> informat̃, ſecũ formas illorũ colorũ ſuper obiecta cor-
              <lb/>
            pora deferendo.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24030" xml:space="preserve"> 8.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24031" xml:space="preserve"> Itẽ quòd natura nihil fruſtra agit, ſicut nec deficit in neceſſarijs.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24032" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
        </div>
        <div xml:id="echoid-div882" type="section" level="0" n="0">
          <head xml:id="echoid-head715" xml:space="preserve">THEOREMATA</head>
          <head xml:id="echoid-head716" xml:space="preserve" style="it">1. Radij quorumcun luminum & multiplic ationes formarum, ſecundum rectas lineas
            <lb/>
          protenduntur. Alhazen 2 n 7.</head>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24033" xml:space="preserve">HOc quod hic proponitur, non demonſtratione, ſed inſtrumentaliter poteſt declarari:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24034" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            diuerſitas tamen antiquorũ ad hoc proban dũ pluribus & diuerſis uſa eſt inſtrumentis,
              <lb/>
            nos uerò utimuriſto, quod hic ſubſcribimus, quòd regularius huic ꝓpoſito credimus
              <lb/>
            cõuenire.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24035" xml:space="preserve"> Aſſumaturitaq;</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24036" xml:space="preserve"> uas æneum rotundũ cõuenienter ſpiſſum, ad modum matris
              <lb/>
            aſtrolabij, cuius fundi latitudo ſit unius cubiti, uel maior, & altitudo oræ eius ſit æqua-
              <lb/>
            lis latitudini duorũ digitorũ perpẽdicularis ſuper baſim uaſis:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24037" xml:space="preserve"> & in medio dorſi huius uaſis ſit per-
              <lb/>
            pendiculariter erectũ aliquod corpus plurimũ rotundũ columnare, cuius longitudo ſit æqualis la
              <lb/>
            titudini trium digitorũ, latitudo uerò eιus ſit minor uno digito:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24038" xml:space="preserve"> & ponatur hoc uas ſecũdũ ſui pun-
              <lb/>
            cta media in tornatorio, & tornetur quouſq;</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24039" xml:space="preserve"> peripheria eius ſit intrinſecus & extrinſecus ueræ ro-
              <lb/>
            tunditatis, & adæquentur planæ ſuperficies ipſius, & corpus columnare, quod eſt in medio dorſi,
              <lb/>
            fiat rotundũ.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24040" xml:space="preserve"> Signentur itaq;</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24041" xml:space="preserve"> in interiori ſuperficie fundi huius uaſis duæ diametri orthogonaliter
              <lb/>
            ſe ſecantes, quæ ſint a b & c d:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24042" xml:space="preserve"> palàm, quoniam illę diametri tranſeunt per centrum circuli fun-
              <lb/>
            di, quod ſit e:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s24043" xml:space="preserve"> deinde ſignetur in baſi oræ iſtius uaſis, quæ eſt circulus a c b d, in diſtantia extremita-
              <lb/>
            tis alterius diametrorum productarum, ut diametri a b, ſecundum latitudinem unius digiti pun-
              <lb/>
            </s>
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