Ibn-al-Haitam, al-Hasan Ibn-al-Hasan; Witelo; Risner, Friedrich, Opticae thesavrvs Alhazeni Arabis libri septem, nunc primùm editi. Eivsdem liber De Crepvscvlis & Nubium ascensionibus. Item Vitellonis Thuvringopoloni Libri X. Omnes instaurati, figuris illustrati & aucti, adiectis etiam in Alhazenum commentarijs, a Federico Risnero, 1572
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            <s xml:id="echoid-s4545" xml:space="preserve">
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            uidebit ſcripturam latentiorem prima.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4546" xml:space="preserve"> Deinde etiam obliquet pergamenum paulatim, ita ut me-
              <lb/>
            dium eius ſemper ſit in puncto ſectionis, & intueatur ſucceſsiuè:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4547" xml:space="preserve"> & tunc inueniet ſcripturam latẽ-
              <lb/>
            re apud obl quationes pergameni:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4548" xml:space="preserve"> & quantò magis pergamenum fuerit obliquum, tantò magis
              <lb/>
            latebit ſcriptura, adeò ut pergamenum appropinquet lineæ extenſæ in medio longitudinis tabulę:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4549" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            & tunc ſcriptura, quæ eſt in pergameno:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4550" xml:space="preserve"> uidebitur multum dubitabilis, & ferè non intelligibilis,
              <lb/>
            & non certificata.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4551" xml:space="preserve"> Deinde oportet experimentatorem uertere pergamenum ad primam poſitio-
              <lb/>
            nem:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4552" xml:space="preserve"> & erigere ipſum ſuper lineam poſitam in latitudine:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4553" xml:space="preserve"> & cooperire alterum uiſum:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4554" xml:space="preserve"> & inſpicere
              <lb/>
            pergamenum reliquo uiſu:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4555" xml:space="preserve"> & tunc inueniet ſcripturam manifeſtam, & legibilem.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4556" xml:space="preserve"> Deinde obliquer
              <lb/>
            pergamenum, ut prius fecit:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4557" xml:space="preserve"> & inſpiciat ipſum uno uiſu:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4558" xml:space="preserve"> & tunc inueniet ſcripturam latentiorem,
              <lb/>
            quàm cum eratapud oppoſitionem facialem.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4559" xml:space="preserve"> Deinde obliquet pergamenum plus paulatim & pau
              <lb/>
            latim:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4560" xml:space="preserve"> & intueatur ipſum multoties:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4561" xml:space="preserve"> & tunc inueniet, quòd quanto magis obliquatur, tanto ma-
              <lb/>
            gis latet pars ſcripta, adeò ut pergamenum appropinquet diametro, quæ ſequitur uiſum apertum.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4562" xml:space="preserve">
              <lb/>
            Declarabitur ergo ex hac conſideratione, quòd manifeſtiſsimum uiſibilium, quæ ſunt ſuper axem
              <lb/>
            radialem:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4563" xml:space="preserve"> eſt illud, quod eſt faciale uiſui:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4564" xml:space="preserve"> & quòd illud, cuius poſitio eſt magis facialis, eſt manife-
              <lb/>
            ſtius illo, cuius poſitio eſt minus facialis:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4565" xml:space="preserve"> & quòd illud, quod eſt obliquum ab axe radiali obliqua-
              <lb/>
            tione maxima, eſt dubitabile, non intelligibile, ſiue uiſio ſit utroque uiſu, ſiue uno.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4566" xml:space="preserve"> Deinde oportet
              <lb/>
            experimentatorem uertere indiuiduum, quod erat ſuper tabulam:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4567" xml:space="preserve"> & ponereipſum in medio tabu-
              <lb/>
            læ:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4568" xml:space="preserve"> & applicare ipſum ad punctum ſectionis, ut in prima conſideratione.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4569" xml:space="preserve"> Deinde erigat pergame-
              <lb/>
            num ſuper alteram partem lineæ poſitæ in latitudine ſuper uerticationem facialem:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4570" xml:space="preserve"> & dirigat pu-
              <lb/>
            pillam utroq;</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4571" xml:space="preserve"> uiſu ad indiuiduum poſitum in medio:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4572" xml:space="preserve"> In hac quidem diſpoſitione comprehendet
              <lb/>
            pergamenum, & ſcripturam, quæ eſt in ipſo:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4573" xml:space="preserve"> ſed illud, quod propinquum eſt indiuiduo poſito in
              <lb/>
            medio:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4574" xml:space="preserve"> erit manifeſtum, & quod remotum eſt ab illo, eſt dubitabile & latens:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4575" xml:space="preserve"> & quanto magis re
              <lb/>
            mouetur ab indiuiduo, tantò magis latet.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4576" xml:space="preserve"> Etiterum oportet experimentatorem obliquare perga-
              <lb/>
            menum in hoc ſtatu, ita ut ſecet lineam poſitam in latitudine ſuper aliquod punctum alterms eius
              <lb/>
            partis:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4577" xml:space="preserve"> & ſit parua obliquatio:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4578" xml:space="preserve"> & dirigat pupillam ad indiuiduum poſitum in medio:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4579" xml:space="preserve"> tunc quidem
              <lb/>
            uidebit ſcripturam, quæ eſt in pergameno latentiorem, quàm cum erat facialis.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4580" xml:space="preserve"> Deinde obliquet
              <lb/>
            plus pergamenum:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4581" xml:space="preserve"> & dirigat pupillam ad indiuiduum poſitum in medio:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4582" xml:space="preserve"> tunc quidem uidebit
              <lb/>
            dcripturam dubitabilem, non manifeſtam, nec legibilem.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4583" xml:space="preserve"> Deinde oportet experimentatorem coo-
              <lb/>
            perire alterum uiſum, & inſpicere uno uiſu:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4584" xml:space="preserve"> & uertat pergamenum in ſua prima poſitione:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4585" xml:space="preserve"> & erigat
              <lb/>
            ipſum ſuper partem lineæ poſitæ in latitudine, quæ ſequitur uiſum inſpicientem:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4586" xml:space="preserve"> & dirigat pupil-
              <lb/>
            lam unius uiſus ad indiuiduum poſitum in medio:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4587" xml:space="preserve"> tunc quidem comprehendet etiam ſcripturam,
              <lb/>
            quæ eſt in pergameno, & uidebit illam, quæ eſt prope indiuiduum, manifeſtiorem remota, & uide-
              <lb/>
            bit illam, quæ eſt remotiſsima ab indiuiduo, dubitabilem, & non legibilem.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4588" xml:space="preserve"> Deinde obliquet per-
              <lb/>
            gamenum ita, ut ſecet lineam poſitam in latitudine ſuper punctum partis, ſuper quam erat erectũ,
              <lb/>
            & inſpiciat indiuiduum poſitum in medio, illo eodem uiſu:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4589" xml:space="preserve"> tunc quidem uidebit ſcripturam, quæ
              <lb/>
            eſt in pergameno, dubitabilem, & illegibilem magis, quàm cum pergamenum erat faciale.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4590" xml:space="preserve"> Dein-
              <lb/>
            de obliquet pergamenum magis paulatim ac paulatim, & uidebit, quòd quantò magis obliquatur
              <lb/>
            pergamenum, tantò magis latebit ſcriptura.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4591" xml:space="preserve"> Apparet ergo exhac conſideratione, quòd uiſum,
              <lb/>
            quod eſt faciale, eſt manifeſtius uiſo obliquo:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4592" xml:space="preserve"> quamuis uiſum non fuerit ſuper axem radialem, fed
              <lb/>
            extra ipſum.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4593" xml:space="preserve"> Viſum enim quando multùm eſt obliquum, latet multùm, licet non ſit ſuper axem ra-
              <lb/>
            dialem, ſiue uiſio ſit utroque uiſu, ſiue uno tantùm.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4594" xml:space="preserve"> Et iterum oportet experimentatorem auſerre
              <lb/>
            indiuiduum à tabula:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4595" xml:space="preserve"> & erigere pergamenum ſuper extremum tabulæ:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4596" xml:space="preserve"> & ſuperponere finem erus
              <lb/>
            fini latitudinis tabulæ, qui eſt c d:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4597" xml:space="preserve"> & dirigat pupillam utroq;</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4598" xml:space="preserve"> uiſu ad medium pergameni:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4599" xml:space="preserve"> quoniam
              <lb/>
            tunc inueniet ſcripturam manifeſtam & legibilem.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4600" xml:space="preserve"> Deinde obliquet pergamenum ita, ut ſecetla-
              <lb/>
            titudinem tabulę ſuper punctum z, quod eſt in medio latitudinis tabulę, & dirigat pupillam utro-
              <lb/>
            que uiſu ad medium pergameni:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4601" xml:space="preserve"> tunc quidem uidebit ſcripturam latentiorem, quàm prius.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4602" xml:space="preserve"> Dein-
              <lb/>
            de addat in obliquatione pergameni paulatim & paulatim:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4603" xml:space="preserve"> & uidebit ſcripturam latére paulatim
              <lb/>
            & paulatim, adeò, utſi obliquatio pergameni fuerit maxima:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4604" xml:space="preserve"> uideat ſcripturam ualde latentem in
              <lb/>
            eadem diſpoſitione, in qua erat, quando conſiderabatur in medio tabulæ.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4605" xml:space="preserve"> Et ſimiliter ſi conſidera-
              <lb/>
            uerit ipſum in hoc loco uno uiſu.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4606" xml:space="preserve"> Deinde oportet experimentatorem ponere indiuiduum ſuper-
              <lb/>
            punctum z, & erigere pergamenum ſuper alteram partem latitudinis, apud extremum tabulæ, ſi-
              <lb/>
            cut fecit in medio tabulæ:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4607" xml:space="preserve"> & dirigat pupillam ad indiuiduum poſitum in medio, & intueatur per-
              <lb/>
            gamenum, & conſideret ſcripturam:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4608" xml:space="preserve"> tunc enim uidebit diſpoſitionem, ſicut uidebateam, quan-
              <lb/>
            do erat in medio tabulæ, ſiue conſideretur utroque uiſu, ſiue uno.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4609" xml:space="preserve"> Deinde oportet experimenta-
              <lb/>
            torem etiam experiri ſchedulas paruas, quas præ diximus, apud extremum tabulæ, & uidebit diſ-
              <lb/>
            poſitionem in eis, ſicut cum erant in medio, ſcilicet, quòd pars, quæ eſt in media ſchedula, eſt
              <lb/>
            manifeſtior parte, quæ eſt in ſchedula remota à medio:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4610" xml:space="preserve"> & quantò ſchedula magis eſt remota à me-
              <lb/>
            dio, tantò magis latebit pars.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4611" xml:space="preserve"> Sed tamen uidebit, quòd remotio à medio, apud quam latet pars po
              <lb/>
            ſita in extremo, quando conſideratio fuerit apud extre mum tabulæ, eſt proportionalis ad remo-
              <lb/>
            tionem à medio, apud quam latet pars poſita in extremo, quando conſideratio fuerit in medio ta-
              <lb/>
            bulæ:</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4612" xml:space="preserve"> eſt enim ſecundum remotionem radiorum exeuntium ad extremum ab axe.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4613" xml:space="preserve"> Proportio igi-
              <lb/>
            tur remotionis, apud quam latet forma poſita in extremo, à forma poſita in medio, ad remotionem
              <lb/>
            formæ poſitæ in medio, eſt eadẽ proportio in conſideratione apud mediũ tabulæ, & in conſidera-
              <lb/>
            tiõe apud extremũ eius.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4614" xml:space="preserve"> Et ſimiliter etiã ſi experimẽtator abſtulerit tabulã;</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s4615" xml:space="preserve"> & poſuerit pergamenũ,
              <lb/>
            </s>
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