Bernstein, Aaron, Naturwissenschaftliche Volksbücher, Bd. 12-16, 1897

Table of figures

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        <div xml:id="echoid-div74" type="section" level="1" n="67">
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            <s xml:id="echoid-s2806" xml:space="preserve">
              <pb o="83" file="0215" n="215"/>
            gewachſen ſind. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2807" xml:space="preserve">Zieht ſich das muskelartige Band rechts zu-
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            ſammen, ſo muß ſich natürlich die Augenkugel nach rechts
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            drehen, zieht ſich der linke Muskel zuſammen, ſo wendet ſich
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            das Auge links. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2808" xml:space="preserve">Außer dieſen zwei Muskeln gehen aber noch
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            zwei andere in gleicher Weiſe aus dem Hintergrund der
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            Knochenhöhle ab nach vorn, wo ſie oben und unten an der
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            Augenkugel angewachſen ſind. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2809" xml:space="preserve">Zieht ſich der obere Muskel zu-
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            ſammen, ſo zieht er das Auge, und es muß ſich mit der
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            vorderen Fläche nach oben drehen; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2810" xml:space="preserve">verkürzt ſich der untere
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            Muskel, ſo muß ſich der Blick ſenken.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2811" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2812" xml:space="preserve">Dieſe vier Muskeln werden die geraden Augenmuskeln ge-
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            nannt, weil ſie die Bewegung des Blickes nach den geraden
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            Richtungen rechts, links, oben und unten hervorbringen; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2813" xml:space="preserve">um
              <lb/>
            aber dem Auge auch jede beliebige ſchiefe Stellung zu geſtatten,
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            ſind noch zwei beſondere Muskeln vorhanden, die jedoch ein
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            wenig feiner und berechneter angelegt ſind.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2814" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2815" xml:space="preserve">Sie ſind ebenfalls im tiefſten Hintergrund der Augenhöhle
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            angewachſen; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2816" xml:space="preserve">ſie gehen aber nicht direkt nach dem Auge, ſondern
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            machen einen merkwürdigen Umweg. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2817" xml:space="preserve">Der eine geht am Auge
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            ſchief nach oben vorüber, als wollte er nach der Naſe laufen;
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            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2818" xml:space="preserve">hier iſt nun ein feſtliegender, knorpeliger Ring, durch welchen
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            der Muskel hindurchgeht, ſo daß er im Ring eingefädelt iſt; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2819" xml:space="preserve">
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            wie eine Schnur durch eine Rolle. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2820" xml:space="preserve">Nun wendet er ſich zurück
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            zur Augenkugel, woſelbſt er angewachſen iſt. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2821" xml:space="preserve">Verkürzt ſich
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            dieſer Muskel, ſo zieht er nicht das Auge ſchief und nach
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            hinten, ſondern im Gegenteil, er zieht das Auge nach der
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            Richtung des knorpeligen Ringes, alſo in ſchiefe Stellung und
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            nach vorn. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2822" xml:space="preserve">Ihm gegenüber liegt nun der andere ſchief liegende
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            Muskel, der eine gleiche Wirkung nach der entgegengeſetzten
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            Seite ausübt, wodurch man imſtande iſt, die Augenkugel nach
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            jeder beliebigen geraden und ſchiefen Richtung zu wenden und
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            zu rollen.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2823" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s2824" xml:space="preserve">Der Zweck der Vorrichtung aber, in welcher die </s>
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