Castelli, Benedetto, Of the mensuration of running waters, 1661

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              courſe of the Waters upwards very leaſurely, perſwadeth me
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              more readily to believe that
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              Sig. </s>
              <s>Bartolotti
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              knoweth very well,
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              that the Mouth of
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              Fiume morto
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              let into
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              Serchio
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              is hurtful: for
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              by this he acknowledgeth that the Mouth towards the Sea doth
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              in ſuch ſort drain the Countrey of the Waters, as that they be­
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              come very low; and therefore upon every little
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              impetus
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              the wa­
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              ters turn their courſe: And from the motions, being exceeding
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              ſlow, is inferred, that the abundance of Sea-water that com­
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              eth into
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              Fiume morto,
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              is ſo much as is believed, and as
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              Sig. </s>
              <s>Bat­
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              tolotti
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              affirmeth.</s>
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              <s>9. After that
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              Sig. </s>
              <s>Bartolotti
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              hath ſaid what he promiſeth a­
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              bove, namely, that when the Windes blowing ſtrongly do ſtop
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              up
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              Fiume morto,
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              and not onely retard but turn the courſe up­
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              wards, the time being Rainy, and the Mouth of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Fiume morto
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              ſhut
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              up, the Waves of the Sea paſſe over the Bank of
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Fiume morto
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              ; at
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              that time, ſaith
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              Signore Bartolotti,
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              the Champain ſhall know the
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              benefit of
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              Fiume morto
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              diſcharged into
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              Serchio,
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              and the mouth A
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              ſhall ſtand alwayes open; and
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              Fiume morto
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              may alwayes con­
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              ſtantly run out, as alſo the Rains and Rain-waters, although the
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              hurtful Tempeſt ſhould laſt many dayes, &c. </s>
              <s>And I reply, that
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              all the Art conſiſts in this; for the benefit of thoſe Fields doth
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              not depend on, or conſiſt in ſaying, that
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              Fiume morto
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              is alwayes
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              open, and
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              Fiume morto
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              draineth continually; But all the buſi­
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              neſſe of profit lyeth and conſiſteth in maintaining the Waters
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              low in thoſe Plaines, and thoſe Ditches, which ſhall never be ef­
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              fected whilſt the World ſtands, if you let
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              Fiume morto
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              into
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              Ser­
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              chio
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              ; but yet it may, by opening the mouth into the Sea: and
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              ſo much reaſon and nature proveth, and (which importeth) Ex­
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              perience confirmeth.</s>
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              <s>10. In the tenth place I come to conſider the anſwer that
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              was made to another Propoſition in the Letter which I writ to
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              Father
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              Franceſco,
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              which prudently of it ſelf alone might ſerve
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              to clear this whole buſineſſe. </s>
              <s>I ſaid in my Letter, That great
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              account is to be made of every ſmall riſing and ebbing of the
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              Waters neer to the Sea in
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              Fiume morto,
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              for that theſe riſings and
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              fallings, although that they be ſmall neer to the Sea-ſide, yet ne­
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              vertheleſſe, they operate and are accompanied by notable riſings
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              and fallings within Land, and far from the Sea-ſide, and I have
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              declared by an example of
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              Arno,
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              in which a Land-flood falling,
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              that made it increaſe above its ordinary height within
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              Piſa
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              ſix or
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              ſeven Braces, that this height of the ſame Flood becometh ſtill
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              leſſer, the neerer we approach to the Sea-coaſts. </s>
              <s>Nor ſhall the
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              ſaid River be raiſed hardly half a Brace; whereupon it neceſſ­
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              rily followeth, that if I ſhould return to the Sea-ſide, and not
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              knowing any think of that which happeneth at
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              Piſa,
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              and ſeeing </s>
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