Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.004469">
                <pb pagenum="454" xlink:href="016/01/103.jpg"/>
              aquæ rubrum euadet, ac perſpicuum, tum
                <lb/>
              ſplendens ob argenti nitorem: vocamuſque
                <lb/>
              hoc miſtum carbunculum à ſimilitudine: vt­
                <lb/>
              que amurcam plurimam, quæ aquæ miſcea­
                <lb/>
              tur, non oportet rubram fieri, ſed opaca, vt
                <lb/>
              nigra aqua efficeretur, ita argenti pars mi­
                <lb/>
              nor eſt, aquei humoris plurima, ſi perſpi­
                <lb/>
              cuum hoc genus rudis argenti magna ex
                <lb/>
              parte eſſe debeat. </s>
              <s id="s.004470">Sed ſi vel ſubnigrum fue­
                <lb/>
              rit, vel copioſius, quàm pro aquea parte, vel
                <lb/>
              impurum, non erit perſpicuum. </s>
              <s id="s.004471">Cur igitur
                <lb/>
              rubrum eſſe neceſſe ſit, quod perſpicuum eſt,
                <lb/>
              & ex quibus conſtet, abundè dictum eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.004472">Nec
                <lb/>
              prohibet, quin etiam alia metallica à plum­
                <lb/>
              bo, vel ære perſpicua ſint: ſed contingit ra­
                <lb/>
              riùs, ob impuritatem illorum: nam argen­
                <lb/>
              tum ære & plumbo purius eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.004473">Ergo & hac
                <lb/>
              ratione gemmas fingere adulterinas licet.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.004474">Sed quod ab initio propoſueramus, proſe­
                <lb/>
              quamur. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.004475">Tranſlucent igitur è lapidibus magneſia,
                <lb/>
              armatura, ſpecularis lapis, gypſi flos, quem
                <lb/>
              alium eſſe à ſpeculari lapide putat Agrico­
                <lb/>
              la. </s>
              <s id="s.004476">E marmorum generibus aliquid in vno­
                <lb/>
              quoque, ſolus tamen phengites generaliter,
                <lb/>
              ac totus luci peruius eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.004477">Gemmæ etiam plu­
                <lb/>
              res, adeóque magna ex parte gemmarum ge­
                <lb/>
              nus, vt multi credant eas, quæ non tranſlu­
                <lb/>
              cent, haud gemmas dici debere. </s>
              <s id="s.004478">Vitrea etiam
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg609"/>
                <lb/>
              omnia. </s>
              <s id="s.004479">Ex ſuccis quatuor, ſal, alumen, ni­
                <lb/>
              trum, & ſutorium atramentum. </s>
              <s id="s.004480">Terrarum
                <lb/>
              genus nullum eſt perſpicuum: nam ſi aquæ
                <lb/>
              multæ miſceretur, terra eſſe deſineret: con­
                <lb/>
              creta etiam humido in lapidem verteretur,
                <lb/>
              nec terra amplius eſſet. </s>
              <s id="s.004481">Terra etiam ob te­
                <lb/>
              nuitatem tranſlucere nequit: nam & nitrum
                <lb/>
              & gemmæ quantumuis perſpicuæ, in pulue­
                <lb/>
              rem redactæ, perſpicuæ eſſe deſinunt. </s>
              <s id="s.004482">Cùm
                <lb/>
              igitur terra non cohæreat, ſed tenuiſſima ſit,
                <lb/>
              non poteſt eſſe perſpicua.
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg610"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004483">
                <margin.target id="marg609"/>
              Terra nulla
                <lb/>
              cur perſpi­
                <lb/>
              cua.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004484">
                <margin.target id="marg610"/>
              Auri odor,
                <lb/>
              & metallo­
                <lb/>
              rum.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.004485">Sed ad auri hiſtoriam reuertor. </s>
              <s id="s.004486">Solum
                <lb/>
              ipſum inter metalla exiguum bonum ſpirat
                <lb/>
              odorem: cui ſuccedit argentum: æs peſſimum
                <lb/>
              cauſa eſt magnitudo caloris adurentis. </s>
              <s id="s.004487">In au­
                <lb/>
              ro, quòd ſuaui calore generetur eius ſubſtan­
                <lb/>
              tia, nullus odor malus relinquitur: ob id mul­
                <lb/>
              torum annorum ſpatio auri generatio indi­
                <lb/>
              get, reliqua breuiore omnia conficiuntur. </s>
              <s id="s.004488">A
                <lb/>
              moderato autem calore paruam duritiem
                <lb/>
              fieri neceſſe eſt, atque ob id molle aurum, &
                <lb/>
              quæcunque benè olent, mollia erunt, vt am­
                <arrow.to.target n="marg611"/>
                <lb/>
              bra. </s>
              <s id="s.004489">Quòd ſi Geodes Miſenus ( quem falsò
                <lb/>
              Ætitem dicunt, quòd in eo alius reſonet la­
                <lb/>
              pis) violam redoleat, & Aldenbergij lapidis
                <lb/>
              fragmenta, & Berningerij lapis videantur
                <lb/>
              benè olere à muſco, qui eis circundatur, hoc
                <lb/>
              eis aduenit: nam illorum ſubſtantiam, aut
                <lb/>
              aliorum duorum benè olere vix poſſibile eſt,
                <lb/>
              quemadmodum etiam ſuprà docuimus.
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg612"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004490">
                <margin.target id="marg611"/>
              Geodes Mi­
                <lb/>
              ſenus benè
                <lb/>
              olet.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004491">
                <margin.target id="marg612"/>
              Auri & ar­
                <lb/>
              genti mira
                <lb/>
              tenuitas in
                <lb/>
              filo.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.004492">Tenuiſſimum igitur aurum ſubſequitur
                <lb/>
              argentum, quod etiam experimento depre­
                <lb/>
              henditur. </s>
              <s id="s.004493">Denarius ſeu ſcrupulus, grana 24.
                <lb/>
              argenti in filum 134. pedum producitur: ſunt
                <lb/>
              hi è noſtris brachia 100. fermè. </s>
              <s id="s.004494">Hoc totum
                <lb/>
              vndequaque (dictu incredibile, ſed omnibus
                <lb/>
              eius rei artificibus notum) circumambit auri
                <lb/>
              pars tertia grani vnius: nam auri vnciæ duæ
                <lb/>
              in pondo 12. ac ſemis argenti diſtribuuntur.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.004495">Argenti vncia in pedes 3200. ſeu brachia
                <lb/>
              noſtrà 2400. quæ à granis ſex auri circum­
                <lb/>
              ueſtiuntur vndequaque. </s>
              <s id="s.004496">Atque hæc de du­
                <lb/>
              ctili: quæ verò tenuitas auro concedatur,
                <lb/>
                <expan abbr="dũ">dum</expan>
              malleo ſuper argenti bracteas extenditur,
                <lb/>
              haud minore digna eſt admiratione: nam au­
                <lb/>
              ri vncia, octo argenti pondo tegit. </s>
              <s id="s.004497">Cùm ve­
                <arrow.to.target n="marg613"/>
                <lb/>
              rò in folia tranſierint, nequeas quid ſit te­
                <lb/>
              nuius cognoſcere, aurumne, an argentum:
                <lb/>
              itaque incomprehenſibili argenti tenuitate
                <lb/>
              aurum centuplo tenuius eſſe neceſſe eſt, ita
                <lb/>
              fit vt auri vncia plus, quam decem terræ iu­
                <lb/>
              gera tegere poſſit. </s>
              <s id="s.004498">Contingit hoc ob ſub­
                <lb/>
              ſtantiæ puritatem, longámque coctionem: ob
                <lb/>
              id auro cælaturas ferri, ac chalybis parua
                <lb/>
              impenſa ornant, cuius pars maior eſt opere,
                <lb/>
              quàm auri. </s>
              <s id="s.004499">Multiplex hæc ratio, tres tamen
                <lb/>
              modos faciliores explicabo. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004500">
                <margin.target id="marg613"/>
              Auri tenui­
                <lb/>
              tas in foliis</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.004501">Aurum in bracteas redactum argento vi­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg614"/>
                <lb/>
              uo miſcetur, inde cùm igne excalefactum
                <lb/>
              fuerit, in aquam effunditur, pòſt argento vi­
                <lb/>
              no, ſi vas argenteum ſit, illinitur argentum
                <lb/>
              viuum: pòſt incaleſcit vas, & pectitur, donec
                <lb/>
              vbique hæreat, inde igne abſumpto argento
                <lb/>
              viuo, aurum manet argento adhærens. </s>
              <s id="s.004502">Quòd
                <lb/>
              ſi æri, vel ferro iungi aurum debet, hoc mo­
                <lb/>
              do facies. </s>
              <s id="s.004503">Lauabis vas priùs vino, in quo
                <lb/>
              ſal ammoniacum, & ærugo æquis partibus
                <lb/>
              cum duplo fæcis vini ſint diſſoluta: inde ar­
                <lb/>
              gento viuo, poſtquam ſiccata fuerint, vt
                <lb/>
              priùs illines. </s>
              <s id="s.004504">Modus alius aqua ſeparationis,
                <lb/>
              cuius hiſtoriam ſcripſiſſe me memini ſupe­
                <lb/>
              riùs, conſtat. </s>
              <s id="s.004505">Tertius eſt, vt candenti ferro
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg615"/>
                <lb/>
              auri folia ſuperponantur, inde hæmatite Hiſ­
                <lb/>
              pano, cuius color exterius ſanguineus eſt, vn­
                <lb/>
              de nomen traxit, interiùs ferreus, cum duri­
                <lb/>
              tie tanta, vt vix limam ſentiat, confricetur,
                <lb/>
              non hic eſt Germanus ille mollis. </s>
              <s id="s.004506">Vnde li­
                <lb/>
              quet Hiſpanum eſſe, qui ſanguinem ſiſtat:
                <lb/>
              nam duritie in tenuiſſimum puluerem redigi
                <lb/>
              poteſt, & vim habet ſiccantem ac aſtringen­
                <lb/>
              tem eximiam. </s>
              <s id="s.004507">Medici autem fruſtrato opere
                <lb/>
              vtuntur Germanico, cuius nulla penitùs vti­
                <lb/>
              litas eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.004508">Itaque in pollinem redigere opor­
                <lb/>
              tet lapidem illum, ſi hæmoptoicos ſanare op­
                <lb/>
              timo auxilio propoſitum eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.004509">Ita me in ma­
                <lb/>
              nifeſtis adeò etiam cæcutiunt medici noſtræ
                <lb/>
              ætatis, vt nunquam vel vnum, qui verè vſus
                <lb/>
              ſit, animaduerterem, cùm coloris & ſub­
                <lb/>
              ſtantiæ ſimilitudine decipiantur. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004510">
                <margin.target id="marg614"/>
              Inaurandi
                <lb/>
              modi.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004511">
                <margin.target id="marg615"/>
              Hæmatites
                <lb/>
              Hiſpanus, &
                <lb/>
              eius vſus.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.004512">His igitur relictis, quæ ſunt extra propo­
                <lb/>
              ſitum, ad rem ipſam reuertamur. </s>
              <s id="s.004513">Quod Hæ­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg616"/>
                <lb/>
              matitæ faciunt, licet Ophyte etiam leuiſſi­
                <lb/>
              mo perficere. </s>
              <s id="s.004514">Itaque omnium horum cauſa
                <lb/>
              eſt auri tenuitas maxima, quæ illi eſt pro
                <lb/>
              priuilegio. </s>
              <s id="s.004515">Alterum, quod ignibus minimè
                <lb/>
              cedat, niſi venenis iungatur: per ſe enim ſi
                <lb/>
              maneat, vel cum plumbo etiam diebus vi­
                <lb/>
              ginti in igne liquatum, non minuitur tanta
                <lb/>
              parte, vt ſenſui ſit manifeſta, quippe nihil
                <lb/>
              minui ipſum dicere non auſim. </s>
              <s id="s.004516">Cauſam igi­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg617"/>
                <lb/>
              tur horum ante omnia perdiſcere oportet: ſi­
                <lb/>
              mul & cur aurum non tingit. </s>
              <s id="s.004517">Hæc enim tria
                <lb/>
              ſunt auro peculiaria, non conſumi igne, non
                <lb/>
              tingere, & eſſe tenuiſſimum. </s>
              <s id="s.004518">Verùm pingue­
                <lb/>
              do fœdat & vritur, & vri cogit ea, quibus
                <lb/>
              miſcetur, ſolum igitur aurum pinguedine ca­
                <lb/>
              ret. </s>
              <s id="s.004519">Quæ etiam aquea ſunt, euaneſcunt igni­
                <lb/>
              bus expoſita, aurum nullis euaneſcit ignibus
                <lb/>
              aut igitur non aquea ſubſtantia conſtat, aut </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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