Castelli, Benedetto, Of the mensuration of running waters, 1661

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              ſign that there is no need of opening it; and if there be any oc­
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              caſion to open it, it is eaſily done. </s>
              <s>As for the reſt your Lordſhip
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              may pleaſe to keep account of all the particulars that occur, for
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              the memory of things paſt is our Tutreſſe in thoſe that are to
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              come. </s>
              <s>If occaſion ſhall offer, I intreat you to bow humbly in
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              my name to His Highneſs the Grand Duke, and the moſt Serene
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              Prince
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              Leopold
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              ; and to attend the ſervice of Their Highneſſes, for
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              you ſerve I rinces of extraordinary merit; And to whom I my
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              ſelf am alſo exceedingly obliged. </s>
              <s>In the controverſies that ariſe
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              reſpect the pious end of ſpeaking the Truth, for then every
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              thing will ſucceed happily. </s>
              <s>I kiſs the hands of
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              Padre Franceſco,
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              of
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              Sig. </s>
              <s>Bartolotti,
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              and of your Lordſhip.</s>
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              Rome, 14. March
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              1642.</s>
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              Your Honours
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              most Obliged Servant
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              <s>D.
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              BENEDETTO CASTELLI.
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              <s>Vpon this occaſion I will here inſert a Diſcourſe that I made
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              upon the Draining and improvement of the
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              Pontine Fens,
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              for that I think that whatſoever may be done well and to pur­
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              poſe in this matter hath abſolute dependance on the perfect know­
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              ledge of that ſo important Propoſition, by me demonſtrated and
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              explained in my Treatiſe of the
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              Menſuration
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              of
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              Running Wa­
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              ters,
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              namely, That the ſame water of a River doth continually
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              change Meaſures, according as it altereth and changeth the ve­
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              locity of its courſe; ſo that the meaſure of the thickneſſe of a
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              River in one Site, to the meaſure of the ſame River in another
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              Site, hath the ſame proportion reciprocally that the velocity in
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              this ſite hath to the velocity in the firſt ſite. </s>
              <s>And this is a Truth
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              ſo conſtant and unchangeable, that it altereth not in the leaſt
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              point on any occurrences of the Waters that change: and
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              being well underſtood, it openeth the way to the knowledge of
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              ſundry advertiſements in theſe matters, which are all reſolved by
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              this ſole Principle; and from it are derived very conſiderable be­
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              nefits; and without theſe it is impoſſible to do any thing with
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              abſolute perfection</s>
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