Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.004559">
                <pb pagenum="456" xlink:href="016/01/105.jpg"/>
              tur: argentum viuum ex craſiſſima, & pa­
                <lb/>
              rum elaborata: metalla ex miſta, & à calo­
                <lb/>
              re temperatiore. </s>
              <s id="s.004560">Quòd ſi vir atque mulier
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              & mola ex eodem fiant ſanguine, & eodem
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              in loco, attamen non neceſſe eſt, imò ne­
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              que poſſibile, ex altero alterum generari.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.004561">Non enim quæ ex eiſdem generantur poſt­
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              quam genita fuerint, neceſſe eſt poſſe inui­
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              cem commutari: quare & ſi metalla omnia
                <lb/>
              ex eiſdem generentur ſubſtantiis, & argen­
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              tum viuum ac ſulphur, non tamen neceſſe
                <lb/>
              eſt, aut poſſibile ex altero fieri alterum: niſi
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              fortè cùm ambo ſpecie
                <expan abbr="nõ">non</expan>
              differunt, ſed ſolis
                <lb/>
              accidentibus, vt de ære & ferro dictum eſt.
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg624"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004562">
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              Chymiſtæ
                <lb/>
              quid poſſint.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.004563">Ergo chymiſtæ poſſunt mutare colorem
                <lb/>
              ac pondus, ſubtilitatem autem & firmita­
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              tem mutare nequeunt. </s>
              <s id="s.004564">Cùm igitur ſubtili­
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              tatis experimentum operoſum ſit atque am­
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              biguum, maluerunt aurum igne experiri,
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              eſtque hoc certum huius rei argumentum.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.004565">Id verò apertum eſt, quòd ſi argentum in
                <lb/>
              aurum conuerti debeat, ab aqua efficaci in
                <lb/>
              lutum prius conuerti oportere, inde lutum
                <lb/>
              in aurum tranſire poteſt.
                <arrow.to.target n="marg625"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004566">
                <margin.target id="marg625"/>
              Argentum
                <lb/>
              viuum auro
                <lb/>
              proximius
                <lb/>
              quàm ar­
                <lb/>
              gento.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.004567">Sed argentum viuum auro proximius eſſe
                <lb/>
              videtur quàm argento: nam auro ſimile eſt
                <lb/>
              pondere & tenuitate, argento autem colore
                <lb/>
              ſolo ab vtriſque differt, quòd fluit, & igni­
                <lb/>
              bus euaneſcit: ob id vt argentum euadat,
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              quatuor neceſſaria erunt, vt firmetur, vt
                <lb/>
              leuius euadat, & craſſioris ſubſtantiæ. </s>
              <s id="s.004568">Vt ve­
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              rò argentum viuum in aurum tranſmutetur,
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              neceſſarium eſt, vt firmetur, ignibuſque re­
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              ſiſtat, & tingatur. </s>
              <s id="s.004569">Hæc autem longè cùm
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              ſint faciliora his quæ ad tranſmutationem
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              in argentum neceſſaria erant, fit vt multi
                <lb/>
              magis ſperauerint permutationem argenti
                <arrow.to.target n="marg626"/>
                <lb/>
              viui, hydrargyrion Græci vocant, in aurum,
                <lb/>
              quàm argentum. </s>
              <s id="s.004570">Quod videtur aſſecutus
                <lb/>
              pharmacopolla ille Taruiſinus, qui coram
                <lb/>
              Principe, & ſapientibus reipublicæ Venetæ,
                <lb/>
              argentum viuum in aurum commutauit, cu­
                <lb/>
              ius miraculi quædam adhuc extant veſtigia.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.004571">Sed quomodocunque id contigerit, certum
                <lb/>
              eſt argentum viuum non poſſe in aurum,
                <lb/>
              multóque minus in argentum commutari.
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg627"/>
                <lb/>
              Argentum verò tametſi æs colore, plumbum
                <lb/>
              pondere, auro proximiora ſint, attamen
                <lb/>
              tenuitate ſubſtantiæ & puritate, & firmitate
                <lb/>
              auro ſimile adeò eſt, vt optimum argentum
                <lb/>
              ſit aurum ſubſtantia imperfectum, & colore
                <lb/>
              deficiens: ob idque longis temporum pe­
                <lb/>
              riodis, ſi purum ſit argentum, aliqua ex par­
                <lb/>
              te commutatur in aurum, vt etiam vetuſta­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg628"/>
                <lb/>
              te plumbum nigrum in argentum. </s>
              <s id="s.004572">Si tamen
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              exquiſitiſſimè ab ære ac plumbo argenti ſe­
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              mina tollantur, argentum non generabitur
                <lb/>
              vllis ſeculis, neque ex argento aurum.
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg629"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004573">
                <margin.target id="marg626"/>
              Experimen­
                <lb/>
              tum mirum.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004574">
                <margin.target id="marg627"/>
              Argenti na­
                <lb/>
              tura.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004575">
                <margin.target id="marg628"/>
              Metallorum
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              commutatio.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004576">
                <margin.target id="marg629"/>
              Metallorum
                <lb/>
              amicitia.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.004577">Inde etiam metallorum amicitia: nam au­
                <lb/>
              rum & argentum plumbum nigrum dili­
                <lb/>
              gunt, & cùm liquantur immiſcentur plum­
                <lb/>
              bo: æs autem refugit plumbum, & tam
                <expan abbr="aurũ">aurum</expan>
                <lb/>
              quàm argentum edit plumbum album, ſeu
                <lb/>
              illud mauis ſtannum appellare: modò enim
                <lb/>
              certa res oculis ſubiiciatur, nominibus pro
                <lb/>
              arbitrio vti liceat. </s>
              <s id="s.004578">Itaque cùm plumbum al­
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              bum liquatur, nigro & argento ſupernatat,
                <lb/>
              criſpante vnda in fornacibus, atque ſic bacu­
                <lb/>
              lis ferreis ſolet extrahi. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.004579">Illud magis mirum, quòd plumbum ni­
                <arrow.to.target n="marg630"/>
                <lb/>
              grum argento, dum fuſum eſt, ſupernatet,
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              quamuis grauius: atque ea ratione plumbum
                <lb/>
              effundunt ſupernatans, & argentum ſubſi­
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              ſtens in imo colligunt vaſis. </s>
              <s id="s.004580">Cauſa huius eſt,
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              quòd plumbum licet dum concretum eſt
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              grauius fit argento, dum tamen liquatur, te­
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              nuius redditur, cùm in fumum tranſire pa­
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              ratum ſit, atque perpetuò euaneſcat: argen­
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              tum verò cùm igne non abſumatur, neque
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              etiam attenuatur: ſi enim attenuaretur, &
                <lb/>
              vt abſumeretur prorſus neceſſe foret. </s>
              <s id="s.004581">Igitur
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              cùm plumbi ſubſtantia media ſit inter pro­
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              priam ac fumi, argenti autem eadem quæ
                <lb/>
              ante colliquationem, nihil mirum eſt plum­
                <lb/>
              bum liquatum argento liquato ſupernatare.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.004582">Plumbum verò album duplici ratione etiam
                <lb/>
              ſupernatabit: nam & ipſum abſumitur igne,
                <lb/>
              & leuius eſt nigro, quare non ſolùm argen­
                <lb/>
              to, ſed & plumbo nigro album ſuperſtat. </s>
              <s id="s.004583">In­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg631"/>
                <lb/>
              de ſeparatio metallorum inuenta effunditur
                <lb/>
              plumblum nigrum prius albo detracto, ni­
                <lb/>
              grum autem æs ac ferrum ſecum trahit, nec
                <lb/>
              exquiſitè effunditur, ne argentum ſecum ela­
                <lb/>
              batur: quicquid autem reliquum eſt plum­
                <lb/>
              bi, pòſtquàm maxima pars effuſa fuerit, igni­
                <lb/>
              bus abſumitur. </s>
              <s id="s.004584">Inde argentum manet, & ſi
                <lb/>
              quid auri ineſt argento immiſtum, quod
                <emph type="italics"/>
              (
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              vt
                <lb/>
              dixi
                <emph type="italics"/>
              )
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              aqua ſeparationis, vel alia propoſita ſu­
                <lb/>
              perius ratione ab argento ſeparatur. </s>
              <s id="s.004585">Plum­
                <lb/>
              bum verò quod effuſum eſt denuò excutitur
                <lb/>
              vt quid argenti contineat, pereatque tantum
                <lb/>
              lucrum artifici. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004586">
                <margin.target id="marg630"/>
              Plumbum
                <lb/>
              ſupernai at
                <lb/>
              argento, cam
                <lb/>
              ſit grauius
                <lb/>
              tamen.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004587">
                <margin.target id="marg631"/>
              Separatio
                <lb/>
              metallorum.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.004588">Æs autem à plumbo ſeparatur, vt rectè
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg632"/>
                <lb/>
              doceat Vannocius Biringutius Senenſis in
                <lb/>
              ſua pyrotechna, impoſita maſſa ſuper crati­
                <lb/>
              culam ferream atque igne circundata: nam
                <lb/>
              facilè plumbum liqueſcit, ſecumque ducit
                <lb/>
              aurum & argentum, ſi quid eorum plumbo
                <lb/>
              in hæreat, atque æs quaſi aduſtum inter cine­
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              res relinquitur. </s>
              <s id="s.004589">Hoc igitur ignibus admo­
                <lb/>
              tum validioribus repurgato metallo à ſordi­
                <lb/>
              bus, dum fuerit colliquatum, in maſſam co­
                <lb/>
              ge, æſque puriſſimum habebis. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004590">
                <margin.target id="marg632"/>
              Lib.3.c.5.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.004591">Cæterùm pleraque metalla arte aliqua
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg633"/>
                <lb/>
              vertuntur in aquam: nam vrere oportet.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.004592">Vruntur celerius & commodius
                <expan abbr="auripigmẽ-to">auripigmen­
                  <lb/>
                to</expan>
              addito, vſta & in calcis ſpeciem redacta,
                <lb/>
              ſiccantur diligenter, inde vaſe vitreo clauſa
                <lb/>
              optimè, aut in terra ad tres paſſus humida
                <lb/>
              defodiuntur per menſem, aut ſuſpenduntur
                <lb/>
              ſuper vas aqua plenum feruente per horas
                <lb/>
              24. ita vt perpetuò ebulliat: abſit ab aqua
                <lb/>
              duorum tantùm, aut trium digitorum ſpatio:
                <lb/>
              par eſt autem quod ex aqua genitum fuit in
                <lb/>
              aquam reuerti, ſed aurum & argentum vix
                <lb/>
              in aquam tranſeunt, ob ſubſtantiæ, velut di­
                <lb/>
              ctum eſt ſoliditatem. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004593">
                <margin.target id="marg633"/>
              Metallica
                <lb/>
              quomodo in
                <lb/>
              aquam ver­
                <lb/>
              tantur.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.004594">Argentum verò quatuor modis oritur aut
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg634"/>
                <lb/>
              in terra, quæ iguibus coacta illud reddit,
                <lb/>
              vel plumbo, atque æri immiſtum, vel in
                <lb/>
              lapidibus, quæ ſimiliter igne vexata illud
                <lb/>
              emittunt: plerunque etiam cupro permi­
                <lb/>
              ſtum, vt in Alſatia iuxta Rhenum, in mon­
                <lb/>
              tibus ſanctæ Annæ, ac Miſnenſibus, ibi enim
                <lb/>
              lapides cupro prægnantes, & in cupro ar­
                <lb/>
              genti mira copia: vel in lapidibus purum, ac
                <lb/>
              quaſi herba quædam virgulis è lapide or­
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              tum habentibus quale apud me eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.004595">Ego, quod </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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