Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.004595">
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              frequens eſt, arbores vidi, ſeu potius arbu­
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              ſta, ex eo rude quod è Germania aduehitur,
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              ibi inuenitur, & in Bohemia Abertami, &
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              in Miſena Annæbergi & Snebergi adeò de­
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              fæcatum, vt ad examen ſynceritatis dedu­
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              ctum, decima tantum ſui ponderis parte de­
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              creſcat. </s>
              <s id="s.004596">Georgius Agricola refert, in Bohe­
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              mia inuentum fruſtum argenti ponderis duo­
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              rum talentorum. </s>
              <s id="s.004597">Eſt autem hoc pondo cen­
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              tum & quadraginta. </s>
              <s id="s.004598">Quod purum eſt dum
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              eruitur refert varias figuras, ligonum, mal­
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              leorum, raſtrorum. </s>
              <s id="s.004599">Refert ille idem vidiſſe
                <lb/>
              ſe Snebergi quod ſpeciem ſtatuæ viri infan­
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              tem geſtantis referret. </s>
              <s id="s.004600">Fingitur arte argen­
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              tum, atque ex ære conficitur, adeò vt oculos
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              ac cotem Lydiam fallat multis modis: ſed in
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              re ſordida duos narraſſe ſufficiat. </s>
              <s id="s.004601">Auripig­
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              menti albi ſeu arſenici communis, halinitri
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              ponderibus æquis partes in vas coniice vi­
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              treum concluſum, & per horam ſuper car­
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              bones ardentes permitte vt totum commi­
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              nuatur, huius quoque pulueris vnciam ac­
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              cipe, argenti viui tantundem, fæcis vini ſic­
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              catæ, ac in puluerem ignis vi redactæ ſemun­
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              ciam. </s>
              <s id="s.004602">Inde ergo duos habes pulueres: pri­
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              mum, qui ex auri pigmento & ſale nitro
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              conſtat: alterum, qui ex eo & argento viuo
                <lb/>
              ac fæce vini eſt compoſitus. </s>
              <s id="s.004603">Igitur ære colli­
                <lb/>
              quato, in ſingulas libras adde primi pulue­
                <lb/>
              ris à ſemuncia ad vnciam vſque donec re­
                <lb/>
              purgetur miſcendo: inde poſt quàm purga­
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              tum fuerit, alterius pulueris quadrantem
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              immitte, miſceto, & in mel protinus effun­
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              dito. </s>
              <s id="s.004604">Eſt & modus compendioſior cum ar­
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg636"/>
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              gento ſublimato albo. </s>
              <s id="s.004605">Sunt qui, vt Pom­
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              ponius Gauricus, in binas libras æris, hali­
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              nitri & arſenici vncias ſingulorum ternas
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              miſceant, ac percoquant. </s>
              <s id="s.004606">Res hæc aliis lu­
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              cro, aliis creſſit ſupplicio, cùm ſit ſedes adul­
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              terinæ monetæ.
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              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004607">
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              Argenti or­
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              tus quadru­
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              plex.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004608">
                <margin.target id="marg635"/>
              Magnitudo
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              argenti ru­
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              dis mira.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.004609">Figuræ ru­
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              dis argenti
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              mira.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004610">
                <margin.target id="marg636"/>
              Aeris in ar­
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              gentum mu­
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              tatio non
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              vera, quomo­
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              do.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004611">
                <margin.target id="marg637"/>
              In argentan­
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              di ratio.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.004612">Verùm in argentandi ratio ars eſt, &
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              probata ab autoribus, conceſſaque ab omni­
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              bus probis. </s>
              <s id="s.004613">Ollam argenti ſpuma illine, inde
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              argenti bracteas tenues cum alumine, & ſa­
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              le & fæce vini arida in cote tere, & in vas
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              coniice. </s>
              <s id="s.004614">Ignibus autem omnia liquantur ſi­
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              mul, & in aquam effunduntur. </s>
              <s id="s.004615">Quod verò
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              inargentare cupis, aceto prius in quo ſal
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              Ammoniacum ſit excoctum laua ſedulò, at­
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              que argento viuo vel albo plumbo illito, &
                <lb/>
              ei addito quod iam in aquam effuderas, de­
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              mum ignibus facile vt exhalet argentum
                <lb/>
              viuum, vel album plumbum. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.004616">Alij verò plumbo albo vaſa intus ærea
                <lb/>
              oblinunt, vt inargentata videantur, qui mos
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              apud nos frequens eſt: nam amarum ſapo­
                <lb/>
              rem non reddunt, nec ſunt adeò inſalubria,
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              iucundiora verò viſu. </s>
              <s id="s.004617">Vas ipſum pice ni­
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              gra oblinunt, inde candenti ferro tangunt
                <lb/>
              plumbum album, hæret aliquid ex eo quòd
                <lb/>
              pici ſtatim imponunt, ignis feruore pix
                <lb/>
              conſumitur, plumbum hæret.
                <arrow.to.target n="marg638"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004618">
                <margin.target id="marg638"/>
              De electro.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.004619">Media inter aurum & argentum natura
                <lb/>
              electri eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.004620">Sunt & qui electrum appellent:
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              ſed nobis de metallo ſermo eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.004621">Aliud eſt
                <lb/>
              quod fit, aliud quod naſcitur: ſed natiuo
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              gratia & vires conſtat ex auro, & argenti
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              parte quinta. </s>
              <s id="s.004622">Si plures habeat argenti, incu­
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              dibus non reſiſtit. </s>
              <s id="s.004623">Formatur in vaſe pul­
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              chritudinis cauſa & vtilitatis: nam quod
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              ſponte oritur, venena prodit duplici via:
                <lb/>
              ſtridet enim, & arcus emittit. </s>
              <s id="s.004624">Quid mirum?
                <arrow.to.target n="marg639"/>
                <lb/>
              cum ſtannum & album plumbum, & his
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              magis omnibus aurichalcum, ſolo veneno­
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              rum contactu alienum contrahant colorem,
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              & ſplendorem repentè amittant. </s>
              <s id="s.004625">Humidum
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              igitur tenue electri dum abſumitur, ſtrido­
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              rem facit, & mutato colore, ob inſignem ni­
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              torem, macula arcum videtur imitari. </s>
              <s id="s.004626">Ergo
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              vt diuitiæ electrum, ita paupertas ſuum ha­
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              bet aduerſus venena aurichalcum, quod illo­
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              rum prodat inſidias. </s>
              <s id="s.004627">Sed diuitiæ electrum,
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              foſſile amiſerunt: quod quanquam inue­
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              niantur, & nunc, ſtudio tamen auaritiæ &
                <lb/>
              ignorantia virium, dum aurum ab argento
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              ſeparant, electrum eſſe deſinit. </s>
              <s id="s.004628">Nec magna
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              res eſt adeò à venenis electrum mutari, cùm
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              etiam argentum vitietur: nec duram ſub­
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              ſtantiam pati ab externo veneno, cùm (vt di­
                <lb/>
              xi) ab argento viuo ſolo contactu aurum
                <lb/>
              adeò fragile euadat.
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg640"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004629">
                <margin.target id="marg639"/>
              Electrum ve­
                <lb/>
              nena perdit.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004630">
                <margin.target id="marg640"/>
              Plumbi qua­
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              tuor ſpecies.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.004631">Argento ſimile ( vt dixi) plumbum eſt:
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              illius autem quatuor ſpecies, nigrum, vul­
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              gare, ac precij vilioris, album, quod ple­
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              rumque vulgus vocat ſtannum: biſemu­
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              tum hucuſque incognitum, quaſi medium
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              inter nigrum & album. </s>
              <s id="s.004632">Nec tamen illud
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              etiam noſtra ætate vulgatum, cùm tantùm
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              in Sudnis Bohemiæ montibus inueniatur.
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              Quartum genus è ſtibio fit. </s>
              <s id="s.004633">Creſcere omne
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              plumbum exiſtimatur ſpontè, atque ideo te­
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              cta labefactare grauitate ſua. </s>
              <s id="s.004634">Galenus reci­
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              tat, ſepultum humidis locis ſub terra augeri
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              magnitudine, & pondere. </s>
              <s id="s.004635">Differt album
                <lb/>
              plumbum à ſtanno, quòd album plumbum
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg642"/>
                <lb/>
              per ſe oritur, ſtannum cum argento ſemper:
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              eſtque ſtannum quaſi plumbum argento de­
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              albatum. </s>
              <s id="s.004636">Odit metalla omnia plumbum al­
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              bum: auroque, & argento vel ex centeſimà
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              additum, fragilia reddit ea. </s>
              <s id="s.004637">Fit & ſtannum
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg643"/>
                <lb/>
              arte, & quod nobilius eſt, recipit in pondo
                <lb/>
              viginti & quinque ſtanni naturalis, aut can­
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              didi plumbi, pondo vnum plumbi nigri. </s>
              <s id="s.004638">Si
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              verò in pondo nouem plumbi alibi, pondo
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              vnum nigri miſceatur, durum euadit, & ad
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg644"/>
                <lb/>
              vaſa conficienda, optimum. </s>
              <s id="s.004639">Laudatur etiam
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              vſque ad octauam partem plumbo addito
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              nigro: plus verò ſi addatur, vile fit: hoc pel­
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              trum Mediolanenſes vocant. </s>
              <s id="s.004640">Fiebat & ſtan­
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              num olim ære & plumbo miſtis. </s>
              <s id="s.004641">Stridet
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              ſtannum quod ab argento defluit: ſtridet &
                <lb/>
              album plumbum, & ſtannum etiam artificio
                <lb/>
              factum. </s>
              <s id="s.004642">Creſcit durities in ſtanno, quia
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              plumbum nigrum durius euadit ob album:
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              album minus obnoxium rimis & fracturæ ob
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              nigri mollitiem ac ſubſtantiam à qua re­
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              pletur.
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg645"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004643">
                <margin.target id="marg641"/>
              Libro 9. de
                <lb/>
              Simplic.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.004644">medic.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004645">
                <margin.target id="marg642"/>
                <expan abbr="Plumbũ">Plumbum</expan>
              al­
                <lb/>
              bum odit
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              alia metalla.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004646">
                <margin.target id="marg643"/>
              Stannum ar­
                <lb/>
              tificioſum.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004647">
                <margin.target id="marg644"/>
              Stannum na­
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              tiuum.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004648">
                <margin.target id="marg645"/>
              Mirum
                <lb/>
              plumbi li­
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              quefacti ex­
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              perimentum.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.004649">Dum hæc ſcriberemus, vir quidam publicè
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              Mediolani liquefacto
                <expan abbr="plũbolauabat">plumbo lauabat</expan>
              manus ac
                <lb/>
                <expan abbr="vultũ">vultum</expan>
              , ſed prius aqua
                <expan abbr="quadã">quadam</expan>
              partes eas ablue­
                <lb/>
              bat. </s>
              <s id="s.004650">Conſiderandum eſt autem in hoc, nam
                <lb/>
              duobus vtebatur præſidiis tractationis, ce­
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              leritate & aqua. </s>
              <s id="s.004651">In aqua oportuit eſſe exi­
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              miam quandam frigiditatem, & vim non
                <lb/>
              obſcuram, craſſam, qua plumbi calorem ar­
                <lb/>
              ceret, & prohiberet, ne corpori hære­
                <lb/>
              ret. </s>
              <s id="s.004652">Dicunt quidam fieri hoc ſucco por­
                <lb/>
              tulacæ, tum mercurialis, ob lentorem.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.004653">Ego quandoquidem
                <expan abbr="illũ">illum</expan>
              adeò parcè vti aqua
                <lb/>
              conſpicerem, vt nonnunquam vultum </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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