Castelli, Benedetto
,
Of the mensuration of running waters
,
1661
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the Fens are raiſed with great prejudice, and much grea
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ter than is conceived, according to what hath been demon
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ſtrated in the Second Conſideration upon the
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Lake of Venice.
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Nor is it to any purpoſe to ſay, that if we ſhould meaſure
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all the Waters that disimbogue from
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Fiume Siſto,
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and gather
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them into one ſumme, we ſhould not finde them to be ſuch,
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as that they ſhall be able to make the Waters of the Fens
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to increaſe, by reaſon of the great expanſion of them, over
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which that body of water is to diſtend: for to this inſtance we
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anſwer wich that which we have given notice of in the Firſt Con
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ſideration touching the
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Lake of Venice,
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treating of the abate
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ment that is cauſed by the
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Brent
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let into the Lake. </
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<
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>And more
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over, if I ſhall adde thereto that which I write in the Second
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Conſideration, it will be very apparent how greatly harmfull
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and prejudicial theſe excurfions of Waters from
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Fiume Siſto
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may be, which are not kept under, and confined within the
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River: Therefore, proceeding to the proviſions, and ope
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rations that are to be accounted Principall, I reduce them to
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three Heads.</
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>In the firſt place it is neceſſary to throw down thoſe Weares,
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and to take the Piſciaries quite away, obſerving a Maxime, in
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my judgment, infallible, that Fiſhing and Sowing are two things
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that can never conſiſt together; Fiſhing being on the Water, and
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Sowing on land.</
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>Secondly, it will be neceſſary to cut under Water in the bot
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tome of the River thoſe Weeds and Plants that grow and in
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creaſe in the River, and leave them to be carried into the Sea by
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the Stream; for by this means theſe Reeds ſhall not ſpring up
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and diſtend along the bottome of the River, by means of the
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Beaſts treading upon them; And the ſame ought to be done
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often, and with care, and muſt not be delaied till the miſ
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chief increaſe, and the Champain Grounds be drowned, but
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one ought to order matters ſo, as that they may not drown.
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>And I will affirm, that otherwiſe this principal point would be
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come a moſt conſiderable inconvenience.</
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<
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>Thirdly, it is neceſſary to make good the Banks of
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Fiume Siſto
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on the left hand, and to procure that thoſe Waters may run in
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the Chanel, and not break forth. </
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<
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>And it is to be noted, that
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it is not enough to do one or two of thoſe things, but we are to
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put them all in execution; for omitting any thing, the whole
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machine will be out of tune, and ſpoiled. </
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<
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>But proceeding with
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due care, you ſhall not only Drain the
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Pontine Fens,
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but by
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means of this laſt particular the Current of
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Fiums Sisto
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ſhall
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ſcowr its own Chanel of its ſelf, even to the carrying part of it
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away: and haply with this abundance of water that it ſhall </
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