Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.004986">
                <pb pagenum="465" xlink:href="016/01/114.jpg"/>
              opalus, qui ſit ſcitur: nec is quem nunc
                <lb/>
              habeo, ſit opalus verus non eſt, quænam
                <lb/>
              gemma fuerit apud maiores coniectari poſ­
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg702"/>
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              ſumus, Auro incluſa multum hebeſcit, ob
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              id 4. aureis vncis comprehendi debet. </s>
              <s id="s.004987">Mul­
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              tum enim ab hac pſeudopalus degenerat,
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              candidus hic eſt & nitet, ſed non perſpi­
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              cuus, oculum vocant cati, ſeu felis. </s>
              <s id="s.004988">In eo
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              quem ego habeo hoc mirum videtur quòd
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              altera ex parte candidus ac lacteus videtur
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              totus, ex altera autem fuſcus admodum totus,
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              adeóque fuſcus vt etiam obſcurus appareat:
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              nec hoc illi contingit lucis varietate, quan­
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              doquidem ſeu ad lumen, ſeu verſus tenebras
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              conuerteris eum, albus ex ea parte, qua al­
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              bus videri ſolet, ſemper eſt, fuſcus verò ex
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              alia. </s>
              <s id="s.004989">Itaque eadem ſuperficies ſola aſpectus
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              varietate ex aduerſis partibus conſpecta,
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              colores duos penè ex toto contrarios oſten­
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              dit. </s>
              <s id="s.004990">Horum lapidum quidam molliores,
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              quidam duri, vt is quem ego habeo. </s>
              <s id="s.004991">Tam
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              mirabilis igitur proprietatis cauſam redde­
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              re oportet. </s>
              <s id="s.004992">Ea eſt, quod criſpus lapis eſt,
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              atque partibus peruiis, aliis autem mini­
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              mè: partibus non peruiis lumen recipit ſed
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              reddit, eóque fit vt candida ac velut nix
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              ſplendens reluceat: contraria conuerſione
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              lumen excipit, ſed non reddit, atque ea de
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              cauſa obſcurus lapis videtur ac fuſcus. </s>
              <s id="s.004993">In­
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              dicio eſt ſubſtantia
                <emph type="italics"/>
              (
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              vt dixi ) illius mini­
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              mè æqualis. </s>
              <s id="s.004994">At dices: Cur non excipit lu­
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              men, ſi peruia eſt gemma? </s>
              <s id="s.004995">Melius itaque
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              eſt, vt dicamus perſpicuam totam eſſe in
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              ſuperficie, altera quidem tamen parte ſca­
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              bram, atque ideo nigram: altera verò po­
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              litam, atque ea de cauſa ſplendidam atque
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              albam.
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg703"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004996">
                <margin.target id="marg701"/>
              Opali mira
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              pulchritudo.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.004997">Lib.37.c.6.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004998">
                <margin.target id="marg702"/>
              Opali degene­
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              ris mira na­
                <lb/>
              tura.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.004999">
                <margin.target id="marg703"/>
              Sapphirus.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005000">Proximus adamanti ac quintus in ordine
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              nobilium gemmarum eſt ſapphirus, duritie
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              maxima, colore cæruleo, atque admodum
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              ſi ſit non dilutus nec vitioſus, iucundo ocu­
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              lis: quamobrem nullæ res magis recreant
                <arrow.to.target n="marg704"/>
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              viſum ſmaragdo & ſapphiro: recreat etiam
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              hominem, & epotus bili nigræ & melan­
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              cholicis, ac ſcorpionum ictibus auxiliatur.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.005001">Refert Albertus Magnus bis expertum, quòd
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              Sapphirus ſolo contactu anthraces curat:
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              optimum & grandem eſſe, ac diu carni
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              hærere illum oportet. </s>
              <s id="s.005002">Id efficit quòd ale­
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              xipharmacam habeat vim, & vt ictu di­
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              pſadis ſitis inuehitur, & torpedinis con­
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              tactu obſtupeſcit manus, ita contactu diu­
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              turno Sapphiri virus anthracis extingui­
                <lb/>
              tur.
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg705"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005003">
                <margin.target id="marg704"/>
              Sapphiro
                <lb/>
              vires.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005004">
                <margin.target id="marg705"/>
                <expan abbr="Heliotropiũ">Heliotropium</expan>
                <lb/>
              & vires eius.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005005">Heliotropium gemma eſt viridis, iaſpidi
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              haud abſimilis: ſed iaſpidi maculæ, aut
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              guttæ ſanguineæ hærent, at Heliotropium
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              ſanguineis venis interſtinguitur, expoſitus
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              Soli ſub aqua ob viuacem rubedinem aut
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              viriditatem colorem croceum ſpargit, vt
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              aërem obnubilare videatur, atque deliquium
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              Solis oſtendere. </s>
              <s id="s.005006">Hunc vſque ad hanc diem
                <arrow.to.target n="marg706"/>
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              videre non licuit, ſicut nec verum Aſtri­
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              tem Hæc gemma eſt dura, quæ Solem dum
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              circumuertitur oſtendit inus lucem. </s>
              <s id="s.005007">Ve­
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg707"/>
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              rùm gemmarij ex Chalcedonio Onyche
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              eam æmulantur, quæ nitorem & vires bre­
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              ui amittit, maximè ſi calore, aut ſudore
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              vitietur. </s>
              <s id="s.005008">Melior eſt quæ fit ex Sarda ſplendi­
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              diore, quam Carncolum vocant: optima
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              fit ex ea, tum ex aliis lapidibus durioribus
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              cauis, nam cauitate colligitur lumen: ſola ta­
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              men vera Atrites pulchritudinem ac deco­
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              rem retinet. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005009">
                <margin.target id="marg706"/>
              Aſtrites.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005010">
                <margin.target id="marg707"/>
              Pſeudoaſtri­
                <lb/>
              tes.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005011">Stellaris ſignificati ratione parum viribus
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg708"/>
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              & ſubſtantia, multum differt ab aſtrite, nam
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              nec gemma eſt, nec perſpicua, maculis ci­
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              nerei coloris tota diſtincta eſt, vnde nomen
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              ſumpſit. </s>
              <s id="s.005012">Spontè in aceto ac etiam vino
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              mouetur, ac animalium inceſſum imita­
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              tur, procedens inde ad latus, inde retro­
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              gradiens. </s>
              <s id="s.005013">Hunc lapidem cognouit ac il­
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              lius vires olim Rabbi Aben Ezra: frequens
                <lb/>
              eſt apud nos, ac vilis pretij. </s>
              <s id="s.005014">Ego cùm mo­
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              tus illius ſæpius conſideraſſem, lapidem te­
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              nui conſtare humido; & quod ab aceti ac
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              vini vi in vaporem conuerti poſſet intelle­
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              xi, vnde quærens exitum, nec inueniens,
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              huc illúcque lapidem alioquin etiam leuem
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              facilè impellit: nam tenuitatis vaporis in­
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              dicium eſt, quòd bullas non mittit: vnde
                <lb/>
              nec metuas habere magnos illum credere
                <lb/>
              oportet. </s>
              <s id="s.005015">Sunt qui geſtantes collo appenſos,
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              exiſtiment victores efficere. </s>
              <s id="s.005016">Ego quæ ſo­
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              lùm expertus ſum, hic ſcribere agreſſus ſum:
                <lb/>
              verùm hoc adiicere non piguit, vt quiſque
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              poſſit experiri: nam de motu ( vt dixi ) in
                <lb/>
              vino & aceto ego ſæpiùs experimentum
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              feci. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005017">
                <margin.target id="marg708"/>
              Aſtrites &
                <lb/>
              illius vis ad­
                <lb/>
              mirabilis.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005018">Iaſpis ſimilis eſt heliotropio: hunc, vi­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg709"/>
                <lb/>
              ridis ſi ſit, & è directo ventriculi ſuſpen­
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              ſus, ventriculum non leuiter confirmare
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              ſcripſit Galenus: nos ſiſtere etiam hoc mo­
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              do ſanguinem vndequaque manantem, ſed
                <lb/>
              è naribus præcipuè, vidimus: nec mirum,
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              quandoquidem vim maximam habeat
                <lb/>
              aſtringentem. </s>
              <s id="s.005019">Eligitur ex oriente non ad­
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              modum paruus, ſplendens, viridis, ſan­
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              guineis guttulis plurimis ac valde vinum
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              ſanguinem æmulantibus conſperſus. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005020">
                <margin.target id="marg709"/>
              Iaſpis, &
                <lb/>
              eius vires.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005021">Omnibus tamen gemmis vnus opponi­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg710"/>
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              tur lapis achates, & ipſe è gemmarum nu­
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              mero, ſed tam varij generis, vt vnum la­
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              pidem eſſe non credas: candidus, rubens,
                <lb/>
              croceus, cinereus, viridis, niger, varius,
                <lb/>
              cæruleus. </s>
              <s id="s.005022">Quid moror? </s>
              <s id="s.005023">huic vni nec om­
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              nium aliarum gemmarum colores ſatisfa­
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              ciunt: ille lucos, prata, animalia, flumi­
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              na, flores, arbores, natura ludente refert.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.005024">Celeberrimus in hiſtoriis eſt achates Pyr­
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              rhi regis, nouem Muſas cum Appolline in
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              medio citharam pulſante referens, ſingu­
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              láſque cum propriis ornamentis, vt videa­
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              tur tunc natura cum pictore certaſſe: atque
                <lb/>
              hic miraculum dici potiùs debet quàm gem­
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              ma. </s>
              <s id="s.005025">Nobis tres ſunt achates, in quorum
                <lb/>
              vno natura hemiſphærium pinxit cœli, di­
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              ſtinctis orbibus: in medio terra rotunda,
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              quaſi aquis ſupereminens. </s>
              <s id="s.005026">Secundus, ex
                <lb/>
              hiatu fumum emittere videtur, qui aërem
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              obumbret: atque illud in eo admiratio­
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              ne dignum, quòd alius fumi color, alius
                <lb/>
              aëris, qui ex eo obſcuratur: fumus can­
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              didus quaſi ac denſus, aër ſubrubens, ac
                <lb/>
              mediocriter perſpicuus. </s>
              <s id="s.005027">Tertius, cæteris
                <lb/>
              longè admirabilior, ſcilicet Galbæ fer­
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              mè imaginem huiuſmodi depictam ha­
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              bet: nec in ſuperficie, ſed quaſi ſub
                <lb/>
              vitro: & tamen vera gemma eſt, non
                <lb/>
              vitrum: quoniam tamen qua parte tangit </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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