Agricola, Georgius, De re metallica, 1912/1950

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    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <pb pagenum="80"/>
            <figure number="46"/>
            <p type="caption">
              <s>SHAPE OF A MEER.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>Now we call that part of the vein which is first discovered and mined,
                <lb/>
              the head-meer, because all the other meers run from it, just as the nerves
                <lb/>
              from the head. </s>
              <s>The
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Bergmeíster
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              begins his measurements from it, and the
                <lb/>
              reason why he apportions a larger area to the head-meer than to the others, is
                <lb/>
              that he may give a suitable reward to the one who first found the vein
                <lb/>
              and may encourage others to search for veins. </s>
              <s>Since meers often reach
                <lb/>
              to a torrent, or river, or stream, if the last meer cannot be completed
                <lb/>
              it is called a fraction
                <emph type="sup"/>
              3
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              . </s>
              <s>If it is the size of a double measure, the
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Bergmeister
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
                <lb/>
              grants the right of mining it to him who makes the first application, but if
                <lb/>
              it is the size of a single measure or a little over, he divides it between the
                <lb/>
              nearest meers on either side of it. </s>
              <s>It is the custom among miners that
                <lb/>
              the first meer beyond a stream on that part of the vein on the opposite
                <lb/>
              side is a new head-meer, and they call it the “opposite,”
                <emph type="sup"/>
              4
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              while the
                <lb/>
              other meers beyond are only ordinary meers. </s>
              <s>Formerly every head-meer
                <lb/>
              was composed of three double measures and one single one, that is, it was
                <lb/>
              forty-nine fathoms long and seven wide, and so if we multiply these two
                <lb/>
              together we have three hundred and forty-three square fathoms, which
                <lb/>
              total gives us the area of an ancient head-meer.</s>
            </p>
            <figure number="47"/>
            <p type="caption">
              <s>SHAPE OF AN ANCIENT HEAD-MEER.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>Every ancient meer was formed of a single measure, that is to say, it
                <lb/>
              was seven fathoms in length and width, and was therefore square. </s>
              <s>In
                <lb/>
              memory of which miners even now call the width of every meer which is
                <lb/>
              located on a
                <emph type="italics"/>
              vena profunda
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              a “square”
                <emph type="sup"/>
              5
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              . </s>
              <s>The following was formerly the
                <lb/>
                <lb/>
              </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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