Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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              <s id="s.005063">
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              per ſe amittit, adeò vt pulchra quamvis ſit,
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              ob id nemo dignetur eam geſtare. </s>
              <s id="s.005064">Vocant
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              piradotum, & natum adagium inter gemma­
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              rios, nimium eſſe vnum habere Piradotum,
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              ſcilicet quòd ob mollitiem minimè vena­
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              lis ſit. </s>
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            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005065">
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              Chryſolithus
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              qui antiquo­
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              rum topa­
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              zius.</s>
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            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005066">Expertus tamen ſum, quindecim illius
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              grana epota, auxilio præſenti melancholicis
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              eſſe.
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              </s>
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            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005067">
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              Topazij vis.</s>
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            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005068">Cæterùm, antequàm egrediar topazij
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              & chryſolithi narrationem, illud etiam
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              animaduertere decet, gemmas quaſdam
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              eſſe, quæ rapiant ceram, quaſdam quæ nul­
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              lo pacto, atque inter has ſarda eſt præ­
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              ſtantiſſima: nam nec chryſolithus ab hac
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              labe omninò eſt immunis. </s>
              <s id="s.005069">Itaque vt ad rem
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              reuertar, Sarda lapis eſt rubei coloris, cu­
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              ius ſpecies quæ dilutior eſt, & minus ru­
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              bra, vocatur carneolus, inde litera muta­
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              ta Corneolus: cùm verò imo habet ony­
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              chem, vocatur ſardonyx, qualem ego ha­
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              beo, in cuius imo videtur onyx, in ſupre­
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              mo ſarda: ex onyche enim
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              (
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              vt diximus )
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              ſarda plerunque naſcitur. </s>
              <s id="s.005070">Aptiſſima ſigillis
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              ſarda, carneolus & ſardonyx, ob tria: pri­
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              mum, quòd ceram non rapiat: ſecundum,
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              quòd facilè celetur, nam tenax eſt, & me­
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              diocris duritiei: tertium, quòd humores
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              non facilè hebetentur. </s>
              <s id="s.005071">Onyx autem gem­
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              ma eſt mollis, ab vnguis ſimilitudine ita
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              appellata. </s>
              <s id="s.005072">Eius plura ſunt genera, Chal­
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              cedonium ab vrbe Bithyniæ, in quam de­
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              ferebatur, ita appellatum: aſſimilatur co­
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              lore & perſpicuitate propriè vngui. </s>
              <s id="s.005073">Refert
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              Albertus expertum eſſe, ſi lapis hic è col­
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              lo ſuſpendatur, vires omnes corporis robo­
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              rare, quòd haud eſt incredibile: nam fri­
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              giditate ſua conſtringit ſpiritus atque vnit,
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              luce verò illos confirmat & caloris tempe­
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              rie. </s>
              <s id="s.005074">Eadem ratione, Venerem collo ſu­
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              ſpenſum cohibere fertur, atque in hunc
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              vſum Indi ferre paſſim conſueuerunt. </s>
              <s id="s.005075">Sed
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              ille quidem nobilior eſt quòd orientalis.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.005076">Ex hoc genere eſt cæruleum, quod pre­
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              tioſiſſimum eſt, & ego tantum ſemel vi­
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              di. </s>
              <s id="s.005077">Genus eſt aliud cæruleum, pallens in
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              ſummo & opacum, in imo autem ni­
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              grum, quod vocatur Nicolus: geſtantem
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              facit triſtem & audacem, & ſomniis ter­
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              ribilibus agitat: nam ſpiritus adeò cogit,
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              vt triſtitiam & turbationem moueat. </s>
              <s id="s.005078">Ter­
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              tium genus ferruginei eſt coloris in ſupre­
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              mo, in imo nigri, in medio candidi, vo­
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              catur à pleriſque Oculus. </s>
              <s id="s.005079">Si fruſtra duo
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              ex onyche inuicem confricentur, calorem
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              tantùm concipiunt, vt vix ferri queat.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.005080">Fruſta namque magna inueniuntur ex illo,
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              adeò vt non gemma, ſed potiùs marmo­
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              ris genus eſſe videatur: nam Romæ in æde
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              B. </s>
              <s id="s.005081">Petri ſex ſunt columnulæ ex hoc lapide.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.005082">In Colonia Agrippina Onyx adhuc extat
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              latior palmo, de quo Albertus olim, nunc
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              verò Agricola refert, candidas venas ſic
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              illum diſtinguere, vt duorum iuuenum ca­
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              pita exprimant, rurſus nigras quæ ſerpen­
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              tem effingunt è ſummo capitis vertice
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              vnius in imum alterius deſcendentem. </s>
              <s id="s.005083">In
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              mandibula quoque vnius ex iuuenibus,
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              imago apparet capitis Æthiopis cum ni­
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              gra barba, reliquum lapidis vnguis co­
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              lorem, vt plerunque ſolent hi lapides, ex­
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              primit. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005084">
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              Sarda.</s>
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            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005085">
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              Corncolus</s>
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            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005086">
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              Cur corneolo
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              ad ſigilla
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              vtamur.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.005087">Onyx & il­
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              lius genera.</s>
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            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005088">
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              Onychis vi­
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              res.</s>
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            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005089">Verùm iure quiſpiam dubitet, vnde fi­
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              guræ hæ in gemmis & lapidibus proue­
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              niant? </s>
              <s id="s.005090">neque enim credendum eſt omnem
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              figuram caſu contingere, cùm (vt inferiùs
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              dicemus ) lapides multi ex eodem genere
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              eaſdem retineant figuras. </s>
              <s id="s.005091">Itaque meo iudi­
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              cio dicendum eſt, duo eſſe figurarum, &
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              imaginum genera: alterum, quòd ſemper
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              in eiſdem lapidibus apparet, & hoc à na­
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              tura prouenit, quæ non ſecùs ac in plantis
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              foliorum, & fructuum numerum ſeruat &
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              rationem: hoc figurarum genus vim habet,
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              & aliquid ſignificat. </s>
              <s id="s.005092">Tale genus figuræ in­
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              uentum eſt in lapide nigro, forma coni, cu­
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              ius ſumma pars præciſa fuit: hic ſerpentem
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              in ſuprema parte pulcherrimè expreſſum,
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              quaſi pictus eſſet habuit, infima parte pal­
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              lidior, nullibi autem perſpicuus. </s>
              <s id="s.005093">Qui hunc
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              Alberto dono dedit, affirmabat ſuper illum
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              coïſſe plus quàm quingentos ſerpentes: in
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              prato enim inuentus fuit inter Sueuiæ mon­
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              tes poſito, atque ibi occiſis ſerpentibus, ſub
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              quibus latebat, à militibus Principis ſu­
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              blatum cum capite maximi ſerpentis cuiuſ­
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              dam qui lapidem tangebat, tranſlatúmque
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              domum. </s>
              <s id="s.005094">Exiſtimandum eſt igitur huic la­
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              pidi à natura vim inditam, quæ ſerpentes
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              ad ſe traheret. </s>
              <s id="s.005095">Sed hæc mira videri poſſent,
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              ni Plinij teſtimonio conſtaret inueniri oua
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              ſerpentum, circa quæ illi coëant: vnde etiam
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              caduceis pingi ſolet. </s>
              <s id="s.005096">Sic enim inquit: Vi­
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              dimus ouum mali orbiculati, parui forma,
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              cruſta cartilaginis, velut acetabulis brachio­
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              rum polypi crebris inſigne Druidis. </s>
              <s id="s.005097">Hoc fe­
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              runt in Gallia ſalinis & ſpuma conuoluto­
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              rum ſerpentum cogi. </s>
              <s id="s.005098">Videtúrque ad con­
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              cordiam ex generationis ratione potius fa­
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              cere quàm ad lites, quamquam ferant ad
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              gratiam principum, & litium victoriam.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.005099">Nam conſtat equitem Romanum Vocunt iis
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              euocatum, & occiſum à Claudio Princi­
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              pe, quòd ouum anguinum in ſinu geſtare
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              depræhenſus eſſet. </s>
              <s id="s.005100">Ego Plinium non men­
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              tiri ſcio: vera an dicat vir Philoſophiæ rudis
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              neſcio. </s>
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            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005101">
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              Figuræ in
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              lapidibus.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005102">
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              Hiſtoria la­
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              pidis iuxta
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              quæ ſerpen­
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              tes congre­
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              gabuntur.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005103">Credendum eſt etiam, lapides inuentos
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              in agro Veronenſi, in quibus, vt Leo Ba­
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              ptiſta, Albertus refert, ſigilli Salomoni ima­
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              go ad amuſſim depicta inueniebatur, à na­
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              tura ex propoſito agente ſic depictos, non
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              fortuitò, atque inde vim illis ineſſe pecu­
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              liarem quandam. </s>
              <s id="s.005104">Harum verò duo ſunt ge­
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              nera. </s>
              <s id="s.005105">Primùm, quod quaſi caſu ſit, & tamen
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              neceſſariò: velut rotunditatis eorum qui in
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              mari naſcuntur: rotundi enim fiunt longo
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              fluctuum attritu, quicquid prominet exe­
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              dente. </s>
              <s id="s.005106">Sed hi non exactè, neque in om­
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              nibus: nam quum ante perfectionem ex­
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              trahuntur, nihil tale proponente natura,
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              rotundi minimè ſunt. </s>
              <s id="s.005107">Qui verò in Polonia
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              extrahuntur forma ollarum, cauſam ean­
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              dem habere poſſunt, quòd circumpoſiti al­
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              teri lapidi oriantur: vel quòd, vt in Aetitis
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              quodam genere, terra incluſa non coaleſcat:
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              calor enim exterior, vaſa formare poteſt.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.005108">Non cogitur autem à calore, quia humi­
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              dum ſolum circumfunditur. </s>
              <s id="s.005109">Vel quia na­
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              tura hanc formam propriè delegit, & ſibi pro </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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