Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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        <body>
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            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005109">
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              fine proponit, vt in retundis, Cubæ inſulæ.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.005110">Earum rurſus, quas proponit natura, quæ­
                <lb/>
              dam ſunt velut figuræ ſubſtantiæ ac formæ,
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg725"/>
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              aliæ quaſi picturæ. </s>
              <s id="s.005111">Quæcunque verò for­
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              mæ loco ſunt, caſu etiam fiunt, ſed non
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              in omnibus. </s>
              <s id="s.005112">Illæ ergo quæ non ſemper in
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              eiſdem lapidibus inueniuntur, ſed rarò,
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              fortuitò non ſecùs, ac in nubibus generan­
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              tur, nulliúſque virtutis ſunt, quales in ala­
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              bandico lapide ſimiæ inuento Fribergi,
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              & qui ex eodem genere ſcutulum habuit ru­
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              brum, quòd quatuor lineæ circumambie­
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              bant, quarum prima, tertiaque albæ, ſe­
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              cunda & quarta rubræ. </s>
              <s id="s.005113">Et Annæbergi ala­
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              bandicus alius formam habuit crucis, ſed
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              hæc potiùs fuit forma quàm imago. </s>
              <s id="s.005114">Et in­
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              ter lapides bituminoſus Hercinij nemoris
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              pyrites inuenitur, qui aurearum macula­
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              rum diſtinctione refert formas varias, ve­
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              lut marini paſſeris, ſalamandræ, galli, pon­
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              tificis barbati, tum beatæ Mariæ Virginis
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              filium in vlnis geſtantis. </s>
              <s id="s.005115">Similiter & in Al­
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              ſatiæ lacu iuxta Miſnenſes montes rana­
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              rum, ac piſcium figuræ è cupro in lapidem
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              ſuperficie delineatæ inueniuntur: adeò ve­
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              rò frequenter, adeò diligenter, vt caſu
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              contigiſſe vix poſſe dicas. </s>
              <s id="s.005116">Munſterus refert
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              habere apud ſe effigiem olruppæ: hunc ( ni
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              fallor ) nos bottam vocamus. </s>
              <s id="s.005117">Certè huic
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              piſci prægrande iecur eſt, nec abſimilis
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              gobio: Fluuiatilem gobium liceat voca­
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              re, poſtquam olruppa, quod ſciam, La­
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              tinum nomen non eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.005118">An igitur quòd hic
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              piſcis aliquando lapidi hæſerit, ideò cu­
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              prum rariore facto lapide eruperit ea parte?
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              </s>
              <s id="s.005119">an potius quod aqua ſemine piſcis infecta
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              tranſeat in metallum? </s>
              <s id="s.005120">in aqua enim ipſa
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              metalla fiunt. </s>
              <s id="s.005121">Seu ſydere aliquo formam
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              illam imprimente? </s>
              <s id="s.005122">Sed minus auguſto ter­
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              mino vis ſyderis contineretur. </s>
              <s id="s.005123">An ſimi­
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              litudine aliqua hoc natura finxit, velut
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              & in animalium generatione? </s>
              <s id="s.005124">Ergo me­
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              liùs eſt hæc ad certas lapidum ſpecies trans­
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              ferre, velut in animalibus & plantis, cùm
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              rectè figuræ delineatæ fuerint, & frequens
                <lb/>
              euentus. </s>
              <s id="s.005125">At ſi rarus caſus, atque figuræ
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              non exactæ, vt in noſtro Achate facies
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              humana quædam, tunc talia inconſtanti
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              ratione fiunt, & fortuita erunt: velut &
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              in nebulis, & plumbo liquefacto in aquam
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              conniecto, & oſſibus lucij piſcis ad in­
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              ſtrumentorum ruſticorum formam com­
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              paratis. </s>
              <s id="s.005126">Ergo ex hoc genere ſunt figuræ
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              achatum, atque in his vis nulla, ſcilicet
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              figuris, ſed naturalibus tantùm.
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              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005127">
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              Lapides in
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              ſignes ſigille
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              Salomonis.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005128">
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              Figuræ in
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              lapidibus.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005129">
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              Figuræ fa­
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              ctitiæ quo­
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              modo vim
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              habeant.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005130">De factitiis autem non parua dubitatio:
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              nulla enim ratio id ſuadere poteſt, & ta­
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              men vires habere videntur. </s>
              <s id="s.005131">Exemplo igi­
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              tur potiùs id quàm vlla ratione compro­
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              batum. </s>
              <s id="s.005132">Cauſa igitur eſſe poteſt, vel quia
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              vis illa lapidi inſita ſit, quam perperàm fi­
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              guræ ignari tribuunt, velut de iaſpide Ga­
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              lenus inſculpto referebat: vel quoniam fa­
                <lb/>
              to id contingit: nam nullus habet quin,
                <lb/>
              gratia exempli, tutus fuerit ab inimicis.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.005133">Sed non ob id tutus, quia ſculptum habeat
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              annulum, ſed annulus id poſſe videtur:
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              quoniam eius eſt qui fortunam hanc fa­
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              to eſt conſecutus: vel quia tales natura
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              ſumus, prompti, fortes, ſagaces, non
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              quidem lapidis inſculpti beneficio, ſed na­
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              tura hominis: vel quia inani ſpe pericu­
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              lis ſe exponentes, aut negotia amplexan­
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              tes, à fortuna iuuantur, ob id à ſigillis
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              factum putant. </s>
              <s id="s.005134">Tot igitur modis contin­
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              git credere vim eſſe factitiis figuris. </s>
              <s id="s.005135">Quòd
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              verò neque plaſtices, aut domus, aut aliud
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              quicquam manu factum præter vim for­
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              tunæ vires aliquas habere poſſit, nunc
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              demonſtrandum eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.005136">Cùm enim figuræ ma­
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              themathicæ agere quicquam nequeant,
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              neque magis principia ſint rerum, quàm
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              numeri, manifeſtum eſt ſpontè nihil ac
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              per ſe poſſe, ad actiones naturæ agendas,
                <lb/>
              aut permutandas. </s>
              <s id="s.005137">Quòd ſi à cœlo per ob­
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              ſeruationes vim conſequi eas ſperes ( hoc
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              enim affirmant plerique
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              )
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              neceſſe eſt, vt
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              principium aliquod ſit formæ: formæ enim
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              naturalis actio eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.005138">Formam igitur natura­
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              lem mutari non figuram eſt neceſſarium.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.005139">Memorabile illud eſſe ſcio quod referunt de
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              Hermionis monili, quod qui geſtarent, in­
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              feliciter omnes perirent. </s>
              <s id="s.005140">Recentius ac verius
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              de equo Seiano, cuius poſſeſſores Cn. </s>
              <s id="s.005141">Seius
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              primò inde Dolobella, pòſt Craſſius atque
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              Antonius, iudicio, aut caſu crudeliter ac mi­
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              ſerabiliter periêre. </s>
              <s id="s.005142">Erat autem forma inſignis
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              ac virtute, colore autem admirabili, nempe
                <lb/>
              puniceo. </s>
              <s id="s.005143">Sic de Toloſano auro fertur, quod
                <lb/>
              cum Cepio Romanus ſuſtuliſſet, & ipſe
                <lb/>
              malè periit. </s>
              <s id="s.005144">Non igitur hæc ſunt figura­
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              rum exitia, ſed fati, de quo aliàs diximus.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.005145">Fortuita igitur, & quæ arte fiunt, attigiſſe
                <lb/>
              ſufficiat. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005146">At cryſtallus cur habeat ſex ſuperficies
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                <lb/>
              ( vix enim vnquam plures, aut pauciores
                <lb/>
              habet ) nunc dicendum. </s>
              <s id="s.005147">Cauſa eſt, quòd
                <lb/>
              velut & apum caſulæ ab aliis circumdantur,
                <lb/>
              atque ideò & ipſæ hexagonæ ſunt, cryſtalli
                <lb/>
              fruſta aliis fruſtis. </s>
              <s id="s.005148">Sed cur quæ ab aliis cir­
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              cumdantur, ſunt hexagona forma, cùm
                <lb/>
              ſphæra à 12. ſimilibus Sphæris, non au­
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              tem ſenis circumambiatur? </s>
              <s id="s.005149">Meliùs igitur
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              erit vim hanc in naturam corporis referre:
                <lb/>
              nam corpus omne quod ſuperficiebus recti­
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              lineis circumambitur, longitudine, latitu­
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              dine, & altitudine diſtinguitur: at hæc con­
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              ſtat ſenis oppoſitis ſuperficiebus, quam­
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              obrem ſenas ſuperficies habent cryſtal­
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              lus, & reliquæ huius generis gemmæ, vt
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              beryllus. </s>
              <s id="s.005150">Rurſus natura hoc conſtituit ( vt
                <lb/>
              dixi ) generationis cauſa, vt in plantis
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              dicemus: nam & in Cuba inſula orbis alte­
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              rius, lapides exactè ſphærici naturæ ſolius
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              beneficio abundant. </s>
              <s id="s.005151">At obſcurior eſt in il­
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              lis vtilitas, non autem minus certa. </s>
              <s id="s.005152">Sed cry­
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              ſtallus ex aquea conſtat ſubſtantia atque
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              ideò facillimè liqueſcit in igne, tranſitque
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              è veſtigio in vitrum. </s>
              <s id="s.005153">Simili ratione dicen­
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg729"/>
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              dum eſt, ipſum non ex glacie fieri, quam­
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              vis inter niues ſoleat inueniri, ſed humore
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              ſui generis: nam glacies quæ è montibus
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              pendet, cùm deciderit igne excalefacta li­
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              queſcit, non cryſtallus, niſi ignibus cir­
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              cumdetur, aſſiduéque vento & flamma vr­
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              geatur. </s>
              <s id="s.005154">Quòd promineat è ſummis mon­
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              tium cacuminibus, non ob id contingit,
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              quòd ita genitum ſit, aut quòd glacies vn­
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              quam fuerit: ſed quoniam terra & lapides
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              molliores imbribus, ventis & niue liquefacta </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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