Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005207">
                <pb pagenum="470" xlink:href="016/01/119.jpg"/>
              ob tenuitatem ac coloris diluti, quarum (vt
                <lb/>
              dixi
                <emph type="italics"/>
              )
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              maxima erat copia, eritque ſemper, vt
                <lb/>
              & hominem eius conditionis, accipiebat,
                <lb/>
              cui coæqualem ac craſſam ex cryſtallo ſub­
                <lb/>
              iiciebat, glutinóque quàm tenuiſſimè pote­
                <lb/>
              rat, iungebat, interpoſito colore proprio, vt
                <lb/>
              rubro ſplendido pro carbunculo, viridi pro
                <lb/>
              ſmaragdo, cæruleo pro ſapphiro, & vt ri­
                <lb/>
              ma latêret, auro claudebat, quò etiam ſuſ­
                <lb/>
              Picio doli tolleretur. </s>
              <s id="s.005208">Vetitum enim eſt in
                <lb/>
              vrbibus nobilioribus gemmam adulterinam
                <lb/>
              auro claudere. </s>
              <s id="s.005209">In hac fraude nihil præter
                <lb/>
              venditoris autoritatem deſideratur. </s>
              <s id="s.005210">Rima
                <lb/>
              latet auro abdita, & ob tenuitatem color
                <lb/>
              illuſtrem facit: ſumma ſuperficies, cùm ex
                <lb/>
              genere ſit veræ gemmæ, nitorem proprium
                <lb/>
              reddit. </s>
              <s id="s.005211">Ita mirificus hic artifex, gemmariis
                <lb/>
              etiam ipſis imponebat, donec agnita, frau­
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              de cum fuga ſibi conſuleret, exilio ab om­
                <lb/>
              nibus nobilioribus vrbibus damnaretur, at­
                <lb/>
              que ſic minima auri quantitate pudorem
                <lb/>
              vrbis noſtræ proſtituit vndique: nec tamen
                <lb/>
              ſpernendum latrocinium, gemma trium au­
                <lb/>
              reorum coronatorum, trecentis perſæpe,
                <lb/>
              etiam longè pluris vendebatur. </s>
              <s id="s.005212">Ergo agni­
                <lb/>
              ta fraude, cùm deeſſet lucri immoderati
                <lb/>
              & abſque labore modus, ad egregiam illam
                <lb/>
              adulterinæ monetæ inuentionem ſe conuer­
                <lb/>
              tit, eoque pœnas dedit.
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg741"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005213">
                <margin.target id="marg740"/>
              Adulterandi
                <lb/>
              gemmas tres
                <lb/>
              modi.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005214">
                <margin.target id="marg741"/>
              Sapphirus
                <lb/>
              quomodo in
                <lb/>
              adamantem
                <lb/>
              vertatur.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005215">Tertius gemmas adulterandi modus lon­
                <lb/>
              gè nobilior, ac minus damnatus eſt, arte
                <lb/>
              cum natura luctante. </s>
              <s id="s.005216">Gemma in gemmam
                <lb/>
              mutatur ignis ope. </s>
              <s id="s.005217">Sapphirus nitidus, ſed
                <lb/>
              alioquin diluti coloris, cùm auro iungitur,
                <lb/>
              apponitur igni ſenſim donec liqueſcat: fer­
                <lb/>
              uet aurum horis tribus, aut quatuor, inde
                <lb/>
              gemma tollitur, & ſenſim refrigerari per­
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              mittitur, inuenies adamantem: gemma enim
                <lb/>
              manet, nec lima tangitur: quicquid autem
                <lb/>
              eſt coloris cærulei perit. </s>
              <s id="s.005218">Ideò coloris ditiſ­
                <lb/>
              ſimi ſapphiros quærimus: ſunt enim vilio­
                <lb/>
              res & celeriùs in adamantem tranſeunt, at­
                <lb/>
              que perfectiùs mutantur. </s>
              <s id="s.005219">Qui primùm in­
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              uenit hoc, ditatus eſt valde, breuique tem­
                <lb/>
              pore. </s>
              <s id="s.005220">Inde detecta re, adhuc lucrum arti
                <lb/>
              relictum eſt: nitet enim plurimùm ob ſap­
                <lb/>
              phiri duritiem. </s>
              <s id="s.005221">Sunt qui ex aqua marina
                <lb/>
              gemma viliore & molliore faciant adaman­
                <lb/>
              tes pulchros. </s>
              <s id="s.005222">Sunt & qui ſapphirum non
                <lb/>
              incoquant auro, ſed creta inuolutum in
                <lb/>
              igne ſolùm, eodemque modo res ſuccedit.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.005223">Obſeruandum tamen eſt, vt gemmæ fri­
                <lb/>
              gidæ ignis ſenſim circumdetur, & rurſus vt
                <lb/>
              peracto opere permittatur refrigerari ignis
                <lb/>
              extinctione: nam detrahere ex igne haud
                <lb/>
              tutum eſt Vitium eſt, ſi quicquam reman­
                <lb/>
              ſerit veſtigij coloris cærulei.
                <arrow.to.target n="marg742"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005224">
                <margin.target id="marg742"/>
              Carbunculi
                <lb/>
              adulterini.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005225">Carbunculi finguntur Auripigmento de­
                <lb/>
              ſtillato, ſed præter ſplendorem, & colorem
                <lb/>
              nihil eſt quod non deſideretur.
                <arrow.to.target n="marg743"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005226">
                <margin.target id="marg743"/>
              Smaragdus
                <lb/>
              quomodo
                <lb/>
              fiat.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005227">Maiore negotio ſmaragdus conficitur.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.005228">Teritur cryſtallus tenuiſſimè, additur Mar­
                <lb/>
              tia cocta & ærugo ſplendidiſſima, vel ver­
                <lb/>
              micularis, foditur later crudus, imponun­
                <lb/>
              tur hæc tria, ac in fornace laterum excoqui­
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              tur inter alios ſigno addito, inde ex trahi­
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              tur gleba ſmaragdo ſimilis, exſcinditur, po­r
                <lb/>
              tur, vitrum tamen eſt, ſed adeò elegans,
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              t niſi qui primò inuenerunt ( inuentum
                <lb/>
              enim hoc, eſt nouum, noſtræque ætatis)
                <lb/>
              magnis fruſtis nimis celeriter voluiſſent
                <lb/>
              ditari, indéque ſuſpicionem copia, & magni­
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              tudine inieciſſent, potuiſſet & nunc latêre
                <lb/>
              fraus maximo ac incredibili inuentorum lu­
                <lb/>
              cro, quanquam nec ſine lucro fuerint. </s>
              <s id="s.005229">Vidi
                <lb/>
              adeò pulchros, vt auro circundati natiuos
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              ſplendore vincerent. </s>
              <s id="s.005230">Optimè ſuccedit, ſi
                <arrow.to.target n="marg744"/>
                <lb/>
              omninò bullis careant: nam bullæ vitrum
                <lb/>
              eſſe declarant, & ſordidum lapidem faciunt.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.005231">Tangitur tamen lima, nam vitrum eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.005232">Om­
                <lb/>
              nis enim gemma plumbi odore tranſit in vi­
                <lb/>
              trum, præcipuè verò cùm fuerit tenuem in
                <lb/>
              puluerem redacta. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005233">
                <margin.target id="marg744"/>
              Gemma om­
                <lb/>
              nis odore
                <lb/>
              plumbi tran­
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              ſit in
                <expan abbr="vitrũ">vitrum</expan>
              .</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005234">Porrò in Martiacocta plumbum conti­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg745"/>
                <lb/>
              neri palàm eſt, Martiacocta enim conſtat
                <lb/>
              ſale chali, alumine & arena, tum plumbo
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              nigro, vel albo in calcem redacto: hac va­
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              ſa figulina intinguntur, & in fornacibus
                <lb/>
              poſita nitorem vitri recipiunt ſimul ac ſo­
                <lb/>
              liditatem: neque enim humorem conten­
                <lb/>
              tum combibunt, aut tranſmittunt. </s>
              <s id="s.005235">Hoc au­
                <lb/>
              tem maximè ſuccedit in figulinis quibuſdam
                <lb/>
              Germaniæ, quæ ob terram ſolam ſpontè ta­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg746"/>
                <lb/>
              lia ſunt. </s>
              <s id="s.005236">Itaque Martiacocta & plumbi
                <lb/>
              odore gemmæ in vitrum tranſeunt, colo­
                <lb/>
              rem tamen recipiunt: igne ſolo gemmæ eſ­
                <lb/>
              ſe non deſinunt, ſed colorem amittunt, non
                <lb/>
              recipiunt. </s>
              <s id="s.005237">Si quid igitur medium inuenia­
                <lb/>
              tur, quo gemma colorem recipiat, molleſ­
                <lb/>
              cat etiam, ſed non adeò vt in nitrum tran­
                <lb/>
              ſeat, tunc lucrum maximum ſuccedet. </s>
              <s id="s.005238">Opor­
                <lb/>
              tet igitur vt minus molle reddat plumbo, &
                <lb/>
              magis quàm ignis ſolus: ſic enim ſapphirus
                <lb/>
              in carbunculum tranſire poterit, cùm ſit du­
                <lb/>
              rior carbunculo: & ſi magis mollis euadat,
                <lb/>
              in ſmaragdum, addito viridi colore: rurſus
                <lb/>
              carbunculus in ſmaragdum, eſt enim longè
                <lb/>
              etiam durior eo, etſi ſit non parum ſapphi­
                <lb/>
              ro mollior: tum multa huiuſce generis, quæ
                <lb/>
              beatum facerent inuentorem, proculdubio
                <lb/>
              eſſe poſſunt & latent: vbi enim extrema,
                <lb/>
              ibi etiam medium eſſe neceſſe eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.005239">Vidi nu­
                <lb/>
              per cryſtalli vnam ſuperficiem cæruleo per­
                <lb/>
              fuſam, vt nec aqua dilueretur, nec ferro
                <lb/>
              abradi poſſet. </s>
              <s id="s.005240">Vtile inuentum ſi continuato
                <lb/>
              opere obducatur. </s>
              <s id="s.005241">Nam concors gemmæ in­
                <lb/>
              ductus color, nullo tempore ſeneſcit: nec
                <lb/>
              concluſa annulo, vlla arte dignoſci poteſt,
                <lb/>
              cùm non ſecus ac natiua colorem reddat:
                <lb/>
              quamuis in ſola ſuperficie aduerſa ſparſum:
                <lb/>
              ſpargitur autem igne. </s>
              <s id="s.005242">Porrò inter vitri ge­
                <lb/>
              nera, quæ Martia cocta & cryſtallo fiunt,
                <lb/>
              color ſi addatur rubens, carbunculus eua­
                <lb/>
              dit: ſi cæruleus, ſapphirus: ſed omnes, vi­
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              liores ſmaragdo: quia plus ab illarum natu­
                <lb/>
              ra diſtant, quam vitrum, quod ſmaragdum
                <lb/>
              imitatur: nulla enim gemma non durior eſt
                <lb/>
              ſmaragdo, quemadmodum diximus ſupe­
                <lb/>
              rius: ea de cauſa ſmaragdum ſolùm conan­
                <lb/>
              tur imitari, quòd ſolùm vitrum ſmaragdo
                <lb/>
              poſſit aſſimilari, ob magnam ipſius ſma­
                <lb/>
              ragdi mollitiem: conficiuntur tamen etiam
                <lb/>
              illæ in latere, quemadmodum & ſmaragdus
                <lb/>
              adulterinus. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005243">
                <margin.target id="marg745"/>
              Martiacoctæ
                <lb/>
              compoſitio.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005244">
                <margin.target id="marg746"/>
              Tranſmuta­
                <lb/>
              tio vtiliſſi­
                <lb/>
              ma nondum
                <lb/>
              inuenta.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005245">Sed illud mirum, quod
                <expan abbr="quidã">quidam</expan>
              aiunt, lateres
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg747"/>
                <lb/>
              coctos grauiores eſſe,
                <expan abbr="quã">quam</expan>
                <expan abbr="antequã">antequam</expan>
              in forna­
                <lb/>
              cem ponerentur Cauſa eſſe poteſt, quòd vbi
                <lb/>
              facti ſunt, in ſole ficcantur, concipiuntque </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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