Alberti, Leone Battista, Architecture, 1755

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              <s>
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              other People be ſo diſtributed, that every one
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              may be near thoſe Things which are under his
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              particular Care. </s>
              <s>Let the Overſeer lie near the
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              principal Gate, that nobody may paſs and re­
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              paſs or carry any Thing out in the Night with­
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              out his Knowledge. </s>
              <s>Let thoſe who have the
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              Care of the Cattle, lie near the Stable, that
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              they may be always at Hand to keep every
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              Thing in good Order. </s>
              <s>And this may be ſuf­
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              ficient with Relation to your People. </s>
              <s>Of
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              Tools or Inſtruments, ſome are animate, as
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              Cattle; and ſome inanimate, as Carts, all Sorts
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              of iron Tools, and the like; for theſe erect on
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              one Side of the Kitchen a large Shed under
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              which you may ſet your Cart, Plough, Har­
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              row, Yoke, Hay-baskets, and the like Utenſils;
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              and let this Shed have a South Aſpect, that in
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              Winter Time the Family may divert themſelves
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              under it on Holydays. </s>
              <s>Make a very large
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              and neat Place for your Preſſes both of Wine
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              and Oil. </s>
              <s>Let there be alſo a Store-houſe for
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              the laying up and preſerving your Meaſures,
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              Hampers, Baskets, Cordage, Houghs, Pitch­
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              forks and ſo forth. </s>
              <s>Over the Rafters that run
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              acroſs within the Shed, you may ſpread Hur­
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              dles, and upon them you may lay up Poles,
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              Rods, Staves, Boughs, Leaves and Fodder for
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              your Oxen, Hemp and Flax unwrought, and
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              ſuch like Stores. </s>
              <s>Cattle is of two Sorts; one,
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              for Labour; as Oxen and Horſes; the other,
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              for Profit, as Hogs, Sheep, Goats, and all Sorts
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              of Herds. </s>
              <s>We ſhall ſpeak firſt of the labour­
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              ing Sort, becauſe they ſeem to come under the
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              Head of Inſtruments; and afterwards we ſhall
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              ſay ſomething of thoſe which are for Profit,
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              which belong properly to the Induſtry of your
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              Overſeer or Farmer. </s>
              <s>Let the Stables for Horſes,
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              and for Oxen, and all other black Cattle, be
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              warm in Winter, and let their Racks be ſtrong
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              and well fenced, that they may not ſcatter their
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              Meat. </s>
              <s>Let the Hay for the Horſes be above
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              them, that they may not reach it without ſome
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              Pains, and that they may be forced to raiſe
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              their Heads high for it, which makes their
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              Heads drier and their Shoulders lighter. </s>
              <s>On
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              the Contrary, let their Oats and other Grain
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              lie ſo as they may be forced to ſtoop low for
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              it; which will prevent their taking too large
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              Mouthfuls, and ſwallowing too much whole;
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              beſides that it will ſtrengthen their Breaſt and
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              Muſcles. </s>
              <s>But above all you muſt take parti­
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              cular Care that the Wall behind the Manger,
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              againſt which the Horſe's Head is to ſtand, be
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              not damp. </s>
              <s>The Bone which covers the Horſe's
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              Brain is ſo thin, that it will bear neither Damp
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              nor Cold; and therefore take Care alſo that the
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              Moon's Beams do not come in at the Win­
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              dows; which are very apt to make him Wall­
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              eyed and to give him grievous Coughs; and
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              indeed the Moon's Beams are as bad as a Peſ­
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              tilence to any Cattle that are infirm. </s>
              <s>Let the
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              Oxe's Manger be ſet lower, that he may eat as
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              he lyes. </s>
              <s>If Horſes ſee the Fire, they are pro­
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              digiouſly frightened and will grow rugged.
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              </s>
              <s>Oxen are pleaſed with the Sight of Men. </s>
              <s>If a
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              Mule is ſet up in a hot or dark Place, ſhe runs
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              Mad. </s>
              <s>Some think the Mule does not want ſo
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              much as the leaſt Shelter for any other Part
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              but her Head, and that it is not at all the
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              Worſe if her other Parts are expoſed to Dews
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              and Colds. </s>
              <s>Let the Ground under the Oxen
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              be paved with Stone, that the Filth and Dung
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              may not rot their Hoofs. </s>
              <s>Under Horſes, make
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              a Trench in the Pavement, and cover it with
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              Planks of Holm or Oak, that their Urine may
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              not ſettle under them, and that by their pawing
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              they may not ſpoil both their Hoofs and the
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              Pavement.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="head">
              <s>CHAP. XVI.</s>
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            <p type="main">
              <s>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              That the Induſtry of the Farmer or Overſeer ought to be employed as well about
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              all Sorts of Animals, as about the Fruits of the Earth; as alſo of the Con­
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              ſtruction of the Threſhing-floor.
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>We ſhall juſt briefly mention that the
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              Induſtry of the Overſeer, is not only
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              to be employed about gathering in the Fruits
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              of the Earth, but alſo about the Management
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              and Improvement of Cattle, Fowls, Fiſh and
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              other Animals. </s>
              <s>Set the Stalls for Cattle in a
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              dry Place, and never in a Damp one; clear
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              away every little Stone from under them, and
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              make them with a Slope, that you may eaſily
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              ſweep and clean them; let one Part of them
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              be covered, and the other open, and take Care
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              that no ſoutherly or other moiſt Wind can af­
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              fect the Cattle in the Night, and that they be
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              ſheltered from all other troubleſome Blaſts. </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
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