Castelli, Benedetto
,
Of the mensuration of running waters
,
1661
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becauſe that indeed it would not both by Purlings and by Brea
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ches occaſion ſome inconvenience; eſpecially, in the beginning:
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but becauſe I hold this for the incomodities of it, to be a far leſs
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evil than any of the reſt; and becauſe that by this means there is
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no occaſion given to them of
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Ferrara,
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to explain that they are
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deprived of the hope of ever ſeeing the P
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o
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again under the Walls
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of their City: To whom, where it may be done, it is but reaſon
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that ſatisfaction ſhould be given.</
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<
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>It is certain that P
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o
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was placed by Nature in the midſt of this
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great Valley made by the
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Appennine
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Hills, and by the Alps, to
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carry, as the Maſter-Drain to the Sea, that is the grand receptacle
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of all Waters; thoſe particular ſtreams which deſcend from
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them.</
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<
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>That the
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Reno
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by all Geographers,
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Strabo, Pliuy, Solimas,
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Mella,
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and others is enumerated among the Rivers that fall into
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the ſaid P
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o.
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<
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>That although P
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o
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ſhould of it ſelf change its courſe, yet would
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Reno
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go to look it out, if the works erected by humane ind uſtry
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did not obſtruct its paſſage; ſo that it neither is, nor ought to
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ſeem ſtrange, if one for the greater common good ſhould turn it
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into the ſame.</
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<
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>Now at
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Stellata
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it may go ſeveral waies into P
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o,
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as appeareth
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by the levels that were taken by my Order; of all which I ſhould
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beſt like the turning of it to
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la Botta de' Ghiſlieri,
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carrying it
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above
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Bondeno
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to the Church of
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Gambarone,
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or a little higher or
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lower, as ſhall be judged leaſt prejudicial, when it cometh to the
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execution, and this for two principal reaſons: The one becauſe
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that then it will run along by the confines of the Church P tri
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mony, without ſeparating
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Ferrara
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from the reſt of it; The other
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is, Becauſe the Line is ſhorter, and conſequently the fall greater;
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for that in a ſpace of ten miles and one third, it falleth twenty ſix
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feet, more by much than is required by Artiſts; and would go
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by places where it could do but little hurt, notwithſtanding that
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the perſons interreſſed ſtudy to amplifie it incredibly.</
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>On the contrary, there are but onely two objections that are
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worthy to be examined; One, That the Drains and Ditches of
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S.
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Bianca,
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of the Chanel of
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Cento,
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and of
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Burana,
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and all thoſe
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others that enter into P
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o,
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do hinder this diverſion of
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Reno,
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by the
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encreaſing of the waters in the P
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o.
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The other is that P
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o
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riſing
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about the Tranſom of the
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Pilaſter
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-Sluice, very near 20 feet, the
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Reno
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would have no fall into the ſame; whereupon it would riſe
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to a terrible height, at which it would not be poſſible to make, or
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keep the Banks made, ſo that it would break out and drown
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the Meadowes, and cauſe miſchiefs, and damages unſpeakable
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and irreparable; as is evident by the experiment made upon </
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