Castelli, Benedetto, Of the mensuration of running waters, 1661

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* Larghezza, but
miſprinted
.
In the dayes of yore, before that the admirable Art of Wea­
ving
was in uſe, there was found in Perſia a vaſtand unvaluable
Treaſure
, which conſiſted in an huge multitude of pieces of Er­
meſin
, or Damask, I know not whether; which, as I take it,
amounted
to near two thouſand pieces; which were of ſuch a
nature
, that though their Breadth and Thickneſs were finite and
determinate
, as they uſe to be at this day; yet nevertheleſs, their
Length
was in a certain ſenſe infinite, for that thoſe two thouſand
pieces
, day and night without ceaſing, iſſued out with their ends
at
ſuch a rate, that of each piece there iſſued 100. Ells a day, from
a
deep and dark Cave, conſecrated by the Superſtition of thoſe
people
, to the fabulous Arachne. In thoſe innocent and early
times
(I take it to have been, in that ſo much applauded and
deſired
Golden age) it was left to the liberty of any one, to cut
off
of thoſe pieces what quantity they pleaſed without any diffi­
culty
: But that felicity decaying and degenerating, which was
altogether
ignorant of Meum and Tuum; terms certainly moſt
pernicious
, the Original of all evils, and cauſe of all diſcords;
there
were by thoſe people ſtrong and vigilant Guards placed
upon
the Cave, who reſolved to make merchandize of the Stuffes;
and
in this manner they began to ſet a price upon that ineſtima­
ble
Treaſure, ſelling the propriety in thoſe pieces to divers Mer­
chants
; to ſome they ſold a right in one, to ſome in two, and to
ſome
in more.
But that which was the worſt of all, There was
found
out by the inſatiable avarice of theſe men crafty inventions
to
deceive the Merchants alſo; who came to buy the aforeſaid
commodity
, and to make themſelves Maſters, ſome of one
ſome
of two, and ſome of more ends of thoſe pieces of ſtuff;
and
in particular, there were certain ingenuous Machines placed
in
the more ſecret places of the Cave, with which at the pleaſure
of
the Guards, they did retard the velocity of thoſe Stuffs, in
their
iſſuing out of the Cave; inſomuch, that he who ought to have
had
100. Ells of Stuff in a day, had not above 50, and he who
ſhould
have had 400, enjoyed the benefit of 50. onely; and ſo all
the
reſt were defrauded of their Rights, the ſurpluſage being ſold,
appropriated
, and ſhared at the will of the corrupt Officers: So
that
the buſineſs was without all order or juſtice, inſomuch that
the
Goddeſs Arachne being diſpleaſed at thoſe people, deprived
every
one of their benefit, and with a dreadful Earthquake for
ever
cloſing the mouth of the Cave, in puniſhment of ſo much
impiety
and malice: Nor did it avail them to excuſe themſelves,
by
ſaying that they allowed the Buyer the Breadth and Thick­
neſs
bargained for; and that of the Length, which was infinite,

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