Buonamici, Francesco, De motu libri X

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    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s>
                <pb pagenum="109"/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg914"/>
                <lb/>
              principio
                <expan abbr="fineq́">fineque</expan>
              . </s>
              <s>caret. </s>
              <s>Si infinitum, & vnum. </s>
              <s>Nam ſi vel etiam duo ſint; extrema habeant ne­
                <lb/>
              ceſſe eſt, ex quo efficitur illa terminos habere, quod quidem infiniti rationem tollit. </s>
              <s>Si vnum &
                <lb/>
              ſimile item. </s>
              <s>Nam ſi diſsimilia fuerint; iam non erit vnum, ſed plura. </s>
              <s>Idem quoque immobile ſit
                <lb/>
              neceſſe eſt: proptereà quòd ipſum aliquò ſecedere oporteat: id verò aut plenum erit, aut inane:
                <lb/>
              plenum non capiet. </s>
              <s>Inane nihil eſt, niſi inane, ideſt, quod corpore vacat; at tùm corpore non va­
                <lb/>
              caret. </s>
              <s>Si moueri non poteſt, neque igitur affici: ſi non afficitur, neque dolet, neque ægrotat: ac ſi
                <lb/>
              dolet & ægrotat, neque dolor nec ægritudo pelli poterunt. </s>
              <s>Neque item erit mixtio, vel adiectio:
                <lb/>
              non ſanè mixtio, quòd inter ſe ſimplicia penetrare nequeunt, vt coëant ad mixturam, neque adie­
                <lb/>
              ctio, cùm id quod adiicitur, extaret in adiectione. </s>
              <s>Sed hoc non eſt; itaque in nihilum abiret. </s>
              <s>Ve­
                <lb/>
              rùm ſicut ex nihilo nihil fit naturaliter, ſic in nihilum nihil abit naturaliter. </s>
              <s>Igitur nihil omnino
                <lb/>
              mutatur, nam cæteroqui ſemper efficietur aliquid ex nihilo fieri, aut abire in nihil. </s>
              <s>Hæc eſt, vt­
                <lb/>
              puto, ratio Xenophanis, licet difficilè poſsit exprimi è verbis Ariſtotelis, quòd mendoſa
                <expan abbr="admodũ">admodum</expan>
                <lb/>
              ſint. </s>
              <s>Parmenidis ratio ſic colligitur ex Ariſt. </s>
              <s>
                <emph type="sup"/>
              a
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              Quicquid eſt præter ens, eſt non ens. </s>
              <s>nec contra­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg915"/>
                <lb/>
              dicentia poſſunt vnà conſiſtere. </s>
              <s>Ergo non ens erit, ideſt nihil. </s>
              <s>Itaque ens vnum. </s>
              <s>Idem quoque (vt
                <lb/>
              aiunt Græci) addidit aliam rationem qua vnum & indiuiduum eſſe
                <expan abbr="cõfirmaret">confirmaret</expan>
              , hoc modo. </s>
              <s>Nam
                <lb/>
              ſi diuideretur; ergo bifariam diuidatur,
                <expan abbr="eodemq́">eodemque</expan>
              . </s>
              <s>pacto ducatur diuiſio partium: ſi hoc continuè
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg916"/>
                <lb/>
              fiat, vel ſuperſunt extremæ quædam magnitudines minimæ & numero infinitæ, è quibus exiſtet
                <lb/>
              totum, vel erit inane, & in nihil planè diſſoluetur, & ex nihilo igitur exiſtet: non deducetur
                <expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan>
                <lb/>
              ad infinitas illas
                <expan abbr="minimasq́">minimasque</expan>
              . </s>
              <s>magnitudines: quod enim vndequaque ſui ſimile eſt, id vndequaque
                <lb/>
              etiam vult eſſe diuiduum. </s>
              <s>Quapropter erit inane, & rurſus ex nihilo conſtabit. </s>
              <s>Et vnum igitur.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s>Hanc rationem, quòd vtitur ſectione cuiuſque partis in duas;
                <foreign lang="grc">ἐκ διχοτομίας</foreign>
              ab Ariſt. </s>
              <s>
                <expan abbr="dictã">dictam</expan>
              fuiſſe
                <lb/>
              volunt. </s>
              <s>
                <emph type="sup"/>
              b
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              At verò cùm hæc ratio, ne verbo
                <expan abbr="quidẽ">quidem</expan>
              ab ipſo, nec in lib. de plac. neque 1. Phyſ. aut
                <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan>
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg917"/>
                <lb/>
              1. Met. nam particulam 33. Primi Phyſ. cenſeo ſecus atque ipſi fecerint,
                <expan abbr="exponẽdam">exponendam</expan>
              , nec
                <expan abbr="vſquã">vſquam</expan>
              à
                <lb/>
              Platone
                <emph type="sup"/>
              c
                <emph.end type="sup"/>
              ſignificetur; accipiatur vt poſteriorum philoſophorum ratio duntaxat, & ex peruerſa
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg918"/>
                <lb/>
              verborum interpretatione deſumpta. </s>
              <s>Verumenimuerò multis vitiis ſcatet argumentatio Xeno­
                <lb/>
              phanis, quorum magna pars, vt eorum opinio conſentit; in ratione Meliſsi notantur. </s>
              <s>At verò
                <expan abbr="qñ">quin</expan>
                <lb/>
              duo ſunt capita reprehenſionis Ariſtotelicæ aſſumptorum falſitas, & carentia formæ ſyllogiſticæ;
                <lb/>
              cùm aſſumptorum falſitas patefacta veritate detegatur, & habita ſcientia perſpicua fiat; nos
                <expan abbr="autẽ">autem</expan>
                <lb/>
              in primo aditu
                <expan abbr="veſtibuloq́">veſtibuloque</expan>
              . </s>
              <s>naturalis philoſophiæ verſemur; adde etiam quòd multa ad horum
                <lb/>
              certa notitiam requiruntur; hac parte dimiſſa alteram aggrediemur quam etiam diligenter per­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg919"/>
                <lb/>
              ſecutum fuiſſe videmus Ariſt. </s>
              <s>cum 1. Phyſ. tùm
                <expan abbr="itẽ">item</expan>
              in libello ſeparato de veterum placiti. </s>
              <s>Atque
                <lb/>
              eam quidem partem diſputationis ita tractat Ariſt. </s>
              <s>vt aliorum
                <expan abbr="cõſenſu">conſenſu</expan>
              philoſophorum monſtret
                <lb/>
              nullam ineſſe neceſsitatem in ijs quę à Xenophane illata fuerint. </s>
              <s>Ac primum illud. </s>
              <s>Tametſi ex ni­
                <lb/>
              hilo nihil fit; attamen eſſe poſſe ortum & interitum rerum, ſiue rectum & in infinitum ortus
                <expan abbr="in-teritusq́">in­
                  <lb/>
                teritusque</expan>
              . </s>
              <s>principiis ſuppetentibus, vt apud illos, qui vel infinita poſuere principia, ſeu conſimilia,
                <lb/>
              quemadmodum Democritus atomos eiuſdem generis infinitas, vel contraria, ſicut infinitas
                <expan abbr="con-trariorũ">con­
                  <lb/>
                trariorum</expan>
              ſpecies Anaxagoras, & fortè Anaximander, vel etiam apud eos qui vnum poſuere prin­
                <lb/>
              cipium mobile, & denſi
                <expan abbr="rariq́">rarique</expan>
              . </s>
              <s>viciſsitudine varias
                <expan abbr="rerũ">rerum</expan>
              ſpecies iugiter oriri & interire voluerunt,
                <lb/>
              ſiue etiam, vt ij poſuere qui circulo quodam facto ortum & interitum ire ac redire crediderunt,
                <lb/>
              quod dixit Empedocles. </s>
              <s>Neque obſtat infinitum ortui rerum:
                <expan abbr="ſiquidẽ">ſiquidem</expan>
              circulus ille Empedocleus
                <lb/>
              etiam ad æternitatem conſeruandam multum valet. </s>
              <s>Neque item ęterno repugnat finitas. </s>
              <s>
                <expan abbr="quoniã">quoniam</expan>
                <lb/>
              etſi terminis caret durationis; at non ideò caret terminis magnitudinis. </s>
              <s>Rurſus neque infinito
                <lb/>
              multitudinem repugnare ſic manifeſtum eſt, vt protinus tanquam abſurdum ſit habendum, pro­
                <lb/>
              ptereà quòd non modo Empedocles infinita duo, terram, ſcilicet, & æthera, vel aëra vtraque infi­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg920"/>
                <lb/>
              nita poſuit, verumetiam Xenophanes ipſe conceſsit. </s>
              <s>non ita dico, quin infinita duo
                <expan abbr="ſecũ">ſecum</expan>
                <expan abbr="pugnẽt">pugnent</expan>
              :
                <lb/>
              ſed quòd à quibuſdam philoſophis & quod plus valet, ab ipſo quoque Xenophane, cùm fuerit
                <lb/>
              poſitum, vt abſurdum poſteà ſit inductum. </s>
              <s>Non pugnant hæc quoque ſecum. </s>
              <s>non eſſe ſimile &
                <lb/>
              vnum; neque enim
                <expan abbr="abſurdũ">abſurdum</expan>
              eſt id quod
                <expan abbr="vnũ">vnum</expan>
              ſit, vt vnus homo partes habere quæ diuerſis, immò
                <lb/>
              contrariis qualitatibus affectæ ſint. </s>
              <s>poteſt
                <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan>
              fieri, vt quanuis totum ſibi ſimile ſit, multa
                <expan abbr="exiſtãt">exiſtant</expan>
              ,
                <lb/>
              quia partes habeat ſimiles, neque idcircò vacuo ſint interſtinctæ, licet raritate
                <expan abbr="denſitateq́">denſitateque</expan>
              . </s>
              <s>ſeparen­
                <lb/>
              tur, atque ita ſeparentur, vt etiam vnum totum maneat ſiue
                <expan abbr="finitũ">finitum</expan>
              , ſiue infinitum: nec ob id plu­
                <lb/>
              ra ſint infinita, quia partes in infinito non neceſſariò ſunt infinitæ. </s>
              <s>
                <expan abbr="Conſimiliq́">Conſimilique</expan>
              . </s>
              <s>ratione
                <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan>
              ſi
                <expan abbr="vnũ">vnum</expan>
              ,
                <lb/>
              ſiue ſit vacuum, ſiue non ſit: non neceſſe eſt ipſum eſſe immobile, quòd & in ſe ipſo mutationem
                <lb/>
              aliquid accipere poteſt: & motus item ſine vacuo fieri poſſe cenſetur. </s>
              <s>Nec quominus vnum,
                <expan abbr="infi-nitumq́">infi­
                  <lb/>
                nitumque</expan>
              . </s>
              <s>& mobile eſſe ſecum non pugnent, impediunt, quia nihil à ſeipſo moueatur, aut quòd
                <lb/>
              infinitum non poſsit moueri, quod oſtenſum eſt 3. Phyſ. nanque hic merita corporis ſimpliciter
                <lb/>
              expendimus, non ſenſilis, vt 3. Phy. </s>
              <s>&
                <expan abbr="motũ">motum</expan>
              , quatenus exiſtit in mobili, ſpectamus in quo exiſtit,
                <lb/>
              quod & vnum & infinitum eſſe poteſt. </s>
              <s>Hæc modo è tantis tenebris, verum educere potuerimus,
                <lb/>
              aut paullò plura contra Xenophanem dixit Ariſt. </s>
              <s>Vnus Zeno reſtat. </s>
              <s>nanque contra Parmenidem </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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