Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

Table of figures

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        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005747">
                <pb pagenum="481" xlink:href="016/01/130.jpg"/>
              Illa verò eiuſdem ſpeciei cenſenda, erunt,
                <lb/>
              quæ in his conueniunt, diuerſarum, quæ
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              diſſident. </s>
              <s id="s.005748">Specie autem idem multis modis
                <lb/>
              dicitur, alia quidem vltima, alia cuius rur­
                <lb/>
              ſus diuerſæ ſunt differentiæ. </s>
              <s id="s.005749">His autem ca­
                <lb/>
              rere, aut illis abundare, non eſt differentiæ
                <lb/>
              ſpeciei, ſed locorum argumentum: quan­
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              doquidem magis & minùs ſpeciem non va­
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg825"/>
                <lb/>
              riare certum ſit. </s>
              <s id="s.005750">Vnde fraxinum & linguam
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              auis, quam quidam fraxinellam vocant, &
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              diptamum, quo vtimur, non antiquum il­
                <lb/>
              lum Dioſcoridis, ſed neque Virgilij, de quo
                <lb/>
              ille:
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                <emph type="quote"/>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Diptamum genitrix Cretæa carpit ab Ida,
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              Puberibus caulem foliis & flore comantem
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              Purpureo.——
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
                <emph.end type="quote"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005751">
                <margin.target id="marg824"/>
              Differentia
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              plantarum,
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              in quibus
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              conſtituta
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              ſit.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005752">
                <margin.target id="marg825"/>
              Fraxinus,
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              lingua auis,
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              & diptamus
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              eiuſdem ſpe­
                <lb/>
              ciei.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005753">Verùm ( vt dixi ) hunc noſtrum, eiuſdem
                <lb/>
              ſpeciei eſſe non dubito: ſiquidem vires eæ­
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              dem, & forma. </s>
              <s id="s.005754">Sed fraxinus arbor eſt, fra­
                <lb/>
              xinella arbuſtum, diptamus herba, omnes
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              immodicæ ſiccitatis plantæ, & ob id ſer­
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              pentibus inimicæ, & vermibus admodum
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              lethiferæ. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005755">Fraxinus verò vt robuſtior, etiam vm­
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              bra ſola ſerpentes abigere fertur. </s>
              <s id="s.005756">Extenuant
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg826"/>
                <lb/>
              & ob id omnes præter modum. </s>
              <s id="s.005757">Vnde re­
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              ferunt Sanctium Hiſpaniarum Regem,
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              cùm adeò obeſus eſſet, vt neque equita­
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              re, neque manus circumuertere commodè
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              poſſet, tædio quaſi vitæ aduocaſſe medi­
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              cum egregium à rege quodam Africæ, cu­
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              ratúmque ſemine herbæ, quam exiſtimo
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              fuiſſe linguam auis: ſed ſeu veneno adie­
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              cto, ſeu mutata ex contrario contemperie,
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              corporis, breui obiit. </s>
              <s id="s.005758">Itaque extenuare im­
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              modicè omnia hæc genera conſtat, cùm
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              ſplenem abſumant: digerunt enim vehe­
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              menter quæcunque attenuarint. </s>
              <s id="s.005759">Hoc autem
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              obeſorum iure merito medicamentum opti­
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              mum eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.005760">Sed dices: Non regio his eſt
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              cauſa paruitatis, quandoquidem omnia
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              hæc genera in eadem regione reperian­
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              tur? </s>
              <s id="s.005761">Verum non ex ſola regione hæc con­
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              tingunt, cùm ceraſiorum Macedoniorum
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              plantæ primùm in ea regione originem
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              duxerint: inde tranſlatæ, eandem paruita­
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              tem retinent. </s>
              <s id="s.005762">Idem contingit in fraxini
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              ſpeciebus, & ſabina, cupreſſo, atque ſan­
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              tonica. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.005763">
                <margin.target id="marg826"/>
              Sanctij Regis
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              Hiſpania­
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              rum hiſtoria.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.005764">Extenuantur etiam arbores alimentis, ve­
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              lut & canes, quos è magnis ſubtracto alimen­
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              to in mediocres, & horum prolem in par­
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              uos, atque ex his in minimos mutamus. </s>
              <s id="s.005765">Nec
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              aliud magis norunt mulieres. </s>
              <s id="s.005766">Eadem igi­
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              tur ratio in plantis, quas ex alio loco,
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              ſeu regione, ſeu montibus atque arido ſo­
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              lo agreſtes, & tenues tranſplantamus, qua­
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              ſi noui generis arbores, aut herbas. </s>
              <s id="s.005767">At di­
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              ces: Non omnia quæ conueniunt forma,
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              viribus, odore, atque ſapore, eiuſdem ſunt
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              ſpeciei? </s>
              <s id="s.005768">Namque ſalix, & vitex folia, &
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              truncum ac corticem habent ſimillima:
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              item odorem grauem ambæ, ambæ amaræ,
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              ambæ infructuoſæ, ambæ viros effœminant,
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              & ſteriles reddunt. </s>
              <s id="s.005769">Sed vitex quia calida,
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              & ſicca, ſalix quia humida, & frigida, hoc
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              faciunt. </s>
              <s id="s.005770">Amarus ſapor, & odoris grauitas
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              non ſunt ſimilia, ſed diuerſæ ratione in
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              vtriſque hæc fiunt. </s>
              <s id="s.005771">Salix quoque lachry­
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              mam mittit, licet concretam, & pappos
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              poſtquam floruerit: quorum vtroque vitex
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              omninò caret. </s>
              <s id="s.005772">Pappus autem fit humido
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg827"/>
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              putreſcente, vel ob tenuitatem, vt in car­
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              dis: vel ob frigus, vt in ſoncho, & ſalice.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.005773">Parte autem ea, quà per aëra fertur, eadem
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              ventos, & tempeſtates prænunciare ſolet.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.005774">Eſt autem pulmoni ac ſpiritui inimicus pap­
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              pus. </s>
              <s id="s.005775">Sed redeo ad plantarum differentias:
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              hæ non ex florum colore, vt dixi, ſed aliis
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              cauſis ſumendæ ſunt: luſit enim natura mi­
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              rum in modum in florum coloribus. </s>
              <s id="s.005776">Sunt
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg828"/>
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              alibi, vt cucurbitæ, lilij: & arborum mul­
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              tarum, velut pyri, cotonij, fraxini: ru­
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              bei, vt amaranthi: punicei, vt mali puni­
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              cæ, & papaueris eius, quod inter ſegetes,
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              vt in maceriis murorum naſcitur: ita enim
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              vocatur, etſi papauer non ſit. </s>
              <s id="s.005777">Iris cæru­
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              leos fert, crocus croceos, & calendula vo­
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              cata herba, quæ etiam in extremis frigori­
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              bus floret, vnde nomen, quòd ſingulis ca­
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              lendis floreat, ſumpſit. </s>
              <s id="s.005778">Aureum fert cheli­
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              donia, miſtum malua, & diptamus ille, de
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              quo nuper verba fecimus. </s>
              <s id="s.005779">Varios in flori­
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              bus colores edunt roſæ primùm, inde vio­
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              læ, & garyophyli vocati, tum iaſemin, &
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              helleborus: ille enim & albos, & virides,
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              & puniceos ferre ſolet. </s>
              <s id="s.005780">Sed admirabitur
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              quiſpiam, cur cum tam variè in floribus na­
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              tura luſerit, neque virides tamen, neque
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              nigros flores produxerit? </s>
              <s id="s.005781">Sed de viridibus
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              parua quæſtio eſt: nam ſalix, & vitis flores
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg829"/>
                <lb/>
              habent virides, hos ob ſimilitudinem, quam
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              cum foliis habent, dedignamur quaſi flores
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              appellare, cùm tamen vitium floribus tam
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              egregius fructus ſuccedat. </s>
              <s id="s.005782">Verùm de nigris
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              altior eſt contemplatio. </s>
              <s id="s.005783">An quòd nigri ſint
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              aliqui? </s>
              <s id="s.005784">Sed ſi ſunt, cùm rariſſimi ſint, ad­
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              huc dubitatio manet. </s>
              <s id="s.005785">An ſplendor copioſus,
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              qui in floribus eſt, nigrum cæruleum eſſe
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              oſtendit? </s>
              <s id="s.005786">Vel quia nigrum in craſſa ſub­
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              ſtantia neceſſariò eſt, omnis autem flos è
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              tenuiſſimo ſuæ plantæ ſucco fit? </s>
              <s id="s.005787">Sed cùm
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              omnium plantarum differentiæ, quaſi nu­
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              mero careant, noſtri propoſiti non eſt de
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              his diffusè tractare, velut de metallicis fe­
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              cimus: nam obſcuriora tantùm, non quæ
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              ſubiiciuntur oculis, attingere deſtinauimus:
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              ob hoc breuiſſima plantarum, & anima­
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              lium hiſtoria erit. </s>
              <s id="s.005788">Aliæ igitur plantæ vr­
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg830"/>
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              banæ ſunt, aliæ ſylueſtres, aliæ in mari,
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              aliæ in fluminibus, aliæ in ripa, quædam
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              in paludibus, aliæ inter ſaxa, aliæ medio­
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              cri terra, aliæ etſi raræ, inter arenas na­
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              ſcuntur. </s>
              <s id="s.005789">Sunt & quæ in puteis, vt lichen:
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              quæ in nemoribus, quæ in aprico proue­
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              niunt. </s>
              <s id="s.005790">Quædam etiam peregrinæ tantùm, vt
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              Garyophylum, & caſſia, & agallochum.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.005791">Creditum eſt & de terebintho & lentiſco,
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              quanquam in Italia tamen inueniantur. </s>
              <s id="s.005792">Sunt
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              rurſus fructiferæ, ſteriles, & quæ carent ra­
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              dice, & quæ foliis, & aliæ ramis, aliæ flo­
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              re. </s>
              <s id="s.005793">Et quæ vix vnum ex his habent, vt tube­
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              ra fungi polytrichum. </s>
              <s id="s.005794">Sunt & benè odora­
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              tæ, & malè olentes, & nihil olentes. </s>
              <s id="s.005795">Item
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              quæ ſemper frondent, quæ amittunt folia?
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              </s>
              <s id="s.005796">aliæ item raræ, aliæ denſæ, vt cupreſſus: aliæ
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              & patulæ, vt lotos, & fagus. </s>
              <s id="s.005797">Sunt & ſubli­
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              mes, & humiles, enodes & nodoſæ, vt arun­
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              do: ſolidœ quædam, vt ſancti ligni arbos: quæ­
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg831"/>
                <lb/>
              dam penitùs inanes, vt calamus: quædam </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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