Agricola, Georgius
,
De re metallica
,
1912/1950
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When it is time to go to work the sound of a great bell, which the foreigners
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call a “campana,” gives the workmen warning, and when this is heard they
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run hither and thither through the streets toward the mines. </
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<
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>Similarly,
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the same sound of the bell warns the foreman that a shift has just been
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finished; therefore as soon as he hears it, he stamps on the woodwork of the
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shaft and signals the workmen to come out. </
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<
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>Thereupon, the nearest as soon
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as they hear the signal, strike the rocks with their hammers, and the sound
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reaches those who are furthest away. </
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<
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>Moreover, the lamps show that the
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shift has come to an end when the oil becomes almost consumed and fails
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them. </
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>The labourers do not work on Saturdays, but buy those things which
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are necessary to life, nor do they usually work on Sundays or annual
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festivals, but on these occasions devote the shift to holy things. </
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<
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>However,
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the workmen do not rest and do nothing if necessity demands their labour;
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for sometimes a rush of water compels them to work, sometimes an impending
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fall, sometimes something else, and at such times it is not considered
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irreligious to work on holidays. </
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>Moreover, all workmen of this class are
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strong and used to toil from birth.</
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>The chief kinds of workmen are miners, shovelers, windlass men, carriers,
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sorters, washers, and smelters, as to whose duties I will speak in the fol
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lowing books, in their proper place. </
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>At present it is enough to add this one
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fact, that if the workmen have been reported by the foreman for negligence,
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the
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Bergmeíster,
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or even the foreman himself, jointly with the manager,
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dismisses them from their work on Saturday, or deprives them of part of
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their pay; or if for fraud, throws them into prison. </
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<
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>However, the owners
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of works in which the metals are smelted, and the master of the smelter, look
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after their own men. </
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>As to the government and duties of miners, I have
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now said enough; I will explain them more fully in another work entitled
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De Jure et Legibus Metallícís
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17
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.
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<
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>END OF BOOK IV.</
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