Galilei, Galileo
,
The systems of the world
,
1661
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the courſe of the wind, and the other ſidelong, the wind will
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quickly carry away this later, and leave the other where it was;
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and the ſame to my ſeeming, ought to happen, if the Doctrine of
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Ariſtotle
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were true, of thoſe two ſhot out of a Bow: foraſmuch
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as the arrow ſhot ſideways is driven by a great quantity of Air,
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moved by the bowſtring, to wit by as much as the ſaid ſtring is
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long, whereas the other arrow receiveth no greater a quantity of
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air, than the ſmall circle of the ſtrings thickneſs. </
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<
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>And I cannot
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imagine what may be the reaſon of ſuch a difference, but would
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fain know the ſame.</
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<
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>SIMP. </
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>The cauſe ſeemeth to me ſufficiently manifeſt; and it
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is, becauſe the arrow ſhot endways, hath but a little quantity of
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air to penetrate, and the other is to make its way through a
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tity as great as its whole length.</
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<
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>SALV. </
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<
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>Then it ſeems the arrows ſhot, are to penetrate the air?
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</
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<
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>but if the air goeth along with them, yea, is that which carrieth
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them, what penetration can they make therein? </
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<
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>Do you not ſee
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that, in this caſe, the arrow would of neceſſity move with greater
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velocity than the air? </
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<
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>and this greater velocity, what doth confer
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it on the arrow? </
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<
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>Will you ſay the air giveth them a velocity
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greater than its own? </
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<
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>Know then,
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Simplicius,
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that the buſineſs
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proceeds quite contrary to that which
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Ariſtotle
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ſaith, and that the </
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<
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medium
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conferreth the motion on the project, is as falſe, as it is
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true, that it is the onely thing which procureth its obſtruction; and
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having known this, you ſhall underſtand without finding any thing
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whereof to make queſtion, that if the air be really moved, it doth
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much better carry the dart along with it longways, than endways,
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for that the air which impelleth it in that poſture, is much, and in
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this very little. </
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<
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>But ſhooting with the Bow, foraſmuch as the air
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ſtands ſtill, the tranſverſe arrow, being to force its paſſage through
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much air, comes to be much impeded, and the other that was nock't
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eaſily overcometh the obſtruction of the ſmall quantity of air,
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which oppoſeth it ſelf thereto.</
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The
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medium
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doth
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impede and not
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fer the motion of
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projects.
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<
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>SALV. </
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<
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>How many Propoſitions have I obſerved in
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Ariſtotle,
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(meaning ſtill in Natural Philoſophy) that are not onely falſe,
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but falſe in ſuch ſort, that its diametrical contrary is true, as it
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happens in this caſe. </
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<
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>But purſuing the point in hand, I think that
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Simplicius
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is perſwaded, that, from ſeeing the ſtone always to fall
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in the ſame place, he cannot conjecture either the motion or
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bility of the Ship: and if what hath been hitherto ſpoken,
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ſhould not ſuffice, there is the Experiment of the
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medium
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which
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may thorowly aſſure us thereof; in which experiment, the moſt
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that could be ſeen would be, that the cadent moveable might be
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left behind, if it were light, and that the air did not follow the
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motion of the ſhip: but in caſe the air ſhould move with equal </
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