Clavius, Christoph, Gnomonices libri octo, in quibus non solum horologiorum solariu[m], sed aliarum quo[quam] rerum, quae ex gnomonis umbra cognosci possunt, descriptiones geometricè demonstrantur
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        <div xml:id="echoid-div426" type="section" level="1" n="138">
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7733" xml:space="preserve">
              <pb o="127" file="0147" n="147" rhead="LIBER PRIMVS."/>
            bore inuenimus, etiamſi horam ignoremus. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7734" xml:space="preserve">In quarta enim figura ducatur diameter paralleli bo@
              <lb/>
              <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0147-01" xlink:href="note-0147-01a" xml:space="preserve">Altitudo Solis
                <lb/>
              in Verticali cit
                <lb/>
              culo qua ratio-
                <lb/>
              ne inueniatur,
                <lb/>
              etiamſi hora
                <lb/>
              ignoretur.</note>
            realis V X, (In borealibus enim duntaxat parallelis Sol ſupra Horizontem in Verticali poteſt exi-
              <lb/>
            ſtere.) </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7735" xml:space="preserve">ſecans axem in Y, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7736" xml:space="preserve">Verticalis diametrum in Z, puncto, per quod ducatur diameter paral
              <lb/>
              <unsure/>
            li Horizontis, ita vt Z E, ſit ſinus altitudinis Solis in Verticali exiſtentis. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7737" xml:space="preserve">Ducta autem D γ, ad
              <lb/>
            H E, perpendiculari, quæ ſecet V X, in δ; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7738" xml:space="preserve">quoniam eſt, vt D γ, ſinus alitudinis poli ad γ δ, ſinum
              <lb/>
              <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0147-02" xlink:href="note-0147-02a" xml:space="preserve">2. ſexti.</note>
            declinationis paralleli propoſiti, ita D E, ſinus totus ad EZ, ſinum altitudinis Solis: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7739" xml:space="preserve">Si fiat, vt ſinus
              <lb/>
            altitudinis poli ad ſinum declinationis, ita ſinus totus ad aliud, inueniemus ſinum altitudinis So-
              <lb/>
            lis in Verticali. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7740" xml:space="preserve">Huius rei hoc ſit exemplum. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7741" xml:space="preserve">Sole exiſtẽte in principio ♋, in Horizonte Romano,
              <lb/>
            vel ad latitudinem grad. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7742" xml:space="preserve">42. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7743" xml:space="preserve">Fiat vt 66913, ſinus altitudinis poli ad 39874. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7744" xml:space="preserve">ſinum declinationis,
              <lb/>
            quæ cõtinet grad. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7745" xml:space="preserve">23. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7746" xml:space="preserve">Min. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7747" xml:space="preserve">30. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7748" xml:space="preserve">ita 100000 ſinus totus ad aliud, inueniemusq́; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7749" xml:space="preserve">ferè 59591. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7750" xml:space="preserve">ſinum
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0147-03" xlink:href="note-0147-03a" xml:space="preserve">10</note>
            altitudinis quæſitæ, cui reſpondet arcus grad. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7751" xml:space="preserve">36. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7752" xml:space="preserve">Min. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7753" xml:space="preserve">35. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7754" xml:space="preserve">pro altitudine Solis in Verticali circulo
              <lb/>
            ad datam latitudinem.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7755" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7756" xml:space="preserve">QVOD ſi declinatio paralleli borealis æqualis fuerit altitudini poli, hoc eſt, arcui B H, tan-
              <lb/>
            get parallelus Verticalem in B, Z enith, vt paté
              <unsure/>
            t. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7757" xml:space="preserve">Vnde altitudo Solis in Verticali comprehendet
              <lb/>
            tunc grad. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7758" xml:space="preserve">90. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7759" xml:space="preserve">Si vero maior fuerit declinatio altitudine poli, non ſecabit parallelus Verticalem, vt
              <lb/>
            ex tertia ſigura manifeſtũ eſt. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7760" xml:space="preserve">Quare tunc ſol nunquam ad Verticalẽ perueniet. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7761" xml:space="preserve">Atq; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7762" xml:space="preserve">hæc de prima
              <lb/>
            parte huius problematis. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7763" xml:space="preserve">Sed antequam ad ſecundam partem problematis accedamus, rem totam
              <lb/>
            nonnullis exemplis illuſtremus.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7764" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <note position="right" xml:space="preserve">Exemplum pri-
            <lb/>
          mum.</note>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7765" xml:space="preserve">SOLE igitur exiſtente in principio ♊, vel ♌, quando nimirum altitudo meridiana continet
              <lb/>
            grad. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7766" xml:space="preserve">68. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7767" xml:space="preserve">Min. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7768" xml:space="preserve">12. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7769" xml:space="preserve">& </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7770" xml:space="preserve">depreſſio meridiana grad. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7771" xml:space="preserve">27. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7772" xml:space="preserve">Min. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7773" xml:space="preserve">48. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7774" xml:space="preserve">dies autem continet horas 14. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7775" xml:space="preserve">Min.
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7776" xml:space="preserve">
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0147-05" xlink:href="note-0147-05a" xml:space="preserve">20</note>
            35. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7777" xml:space="preserve">fere; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7778" xml:space="preserve">adeo vt meridies fiat more ſtalorum horá
              <unsure/>
            16. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7779" xml:space="preserve">Min. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7780" xml:space="preserve">43. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7781" xml:space="preserve">more autem Babyloniorum hora
              <lb/>
            7. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7782" xml:space="preserve">Min. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7783" xml:space="preserve">17. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7784" xml:space="preserve">inquirenda ſit in Horizonte Romano, hoc eſt, ad latitudinem grad. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7785" xml:space="preserve">42. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7786" xml:space="preserve">altitudo Solis
              <lb/>
            ad horam 20. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7787" xml:space="preserve">ab occaſu, vel ad horam 4. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7788" xml:space="preserve">ab ortu, quarum vtraq; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7789" xml:space="preserve">diſtat à meridie horis 3. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7790" xml:space="preserve">Min. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7791" xml:space="preserve">17.
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7792" xml:space="preserve">hoc eſt, grad. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7793" xml:space="preserve">49. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7794" xml:space="preserve">min. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7795" xml:space="preserve">15. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7796" xml:space="preserve">Fiat vt 100000. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7797" xml:space="preserve">ſinus totus ad 65275. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7798" xml:space="preserve">ſinum cõplementi diſtantiæ So-
              <lb/>
            lis à meridie, ita 69743. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7799" xml:space="preserve">medietas rectæ compoſitæ ex ſinu altitudinis meridianæ, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7800" xml:space="preserve">ſinu depreſ-
              <lb/>
            ſionis meridianæ, ad aliud, inuenieturq; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7801" xml:space="preserve">hic ferè numerus 45524. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7802" xml:space="preserve">qui additus ad 23105. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7803" xml:space="preserve">differen
              <lb/>
            tiam inter medietatem rectæ compoſitæ ex ſinu altitudinis meridianæ, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7804" xml:space="preserve">ſinu depreſſionis meri-
              <lb/>
            dianæ, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7805" xml:space="preserve">ſinum altitudinis meridianæ, (quia Sol ponitur in parallelo boreali, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7806" xml:space="preserve">diſtantia Solis à
              <lb/>
            meridie minor quàm hor. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7807" xml:space="preserve">6.) </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7808" xml:space="preserve">facit 68629. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7809" xml:space="preserve">Cuius arcus grad. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7810" xml:space="preserve">43. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7811" xml:space="preserve">Min. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7812" xml:space="preserve">20. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7813" xml:space="preserve">dabit altitudinem Solis
              <lb/>
            ad oblatam horam.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7814" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <note position="left" xml:space="preserve">30</note>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7815" xml:space="preserve">RVRSVS Sole in eodem parallelo exiſtente, inquirenda ſit altitudo Solis ad horam 6. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7816" xml:space="preserve">à me-
              <lb/>
              <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0147-07" xlink:href="note-0147-07a" xml:space="preserve">Exemplum ſe-
                <lb/>
              cundum.</note>
            ridie, vel media nocte. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7817" xml:space="preserve">Differentia inter 69743. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7818" xml:space="preserve">medietatem rectæ compoſitæ ex ſinu altitudinis
              <lb/>
            meridianæ, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7819" xml:space="preserve">ſinu depreſſionis meridianæ, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7820" xml:space="preserve">92848. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7821" xml:space="preserve">ſinũ altitudinis meridianę
              <unsure/>
            , nẽpe 23105. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7822" xml:space="preserve">erit
              <lb/>
            ſinus altitudinis Solis quæſitæ; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7823" xml:space="preserve">quia tunc Sol eſt borealis, habetq́ue diſtantiam à meridie æqualem
              <lb/>
            quadranti, ſiue 6. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7824" xml:space="preserve">horis. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7825" xml:space="preserve">Quare Solis altitudo tunc erit grad. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7826" xml:space="preserve">13. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7827" xml:space="preserve">Min. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7828" xml:space="preserve">22. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7829" xml:space="preserve">ferè. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7830" xml:space="preserve">Quæ etiã hoc modo
              <lb/>
            inuenietur, vt ante demonſtrauimus. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7831" xml:space="preserve">Fiat vt 100000. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7832" xml:space="preserve">ſinus totus ad 66913. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7833" xml:space="preserve">ſinũ altitudinis poli, ita
              <lb/>
            34529. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7834" xml:space="preserve">ſinus declinationis ad aliud, reperieturq́; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7835" xml:space="preserve">hic ferèſinus 23104. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7836" xml:space="preserve">altitudinis Solis, vt ſupra.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7837" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <note position="right" xml:space="preserve">Exemplum t@@-
            <lb/>
          tium.</note>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7838" xml:space="preserve">PRÆTEREA Sole eundem parallelum deſcribente, inueſtiganda ſit altitudo Solis ad ho-
              <lb/>
            ram 23. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7839" xml:space="preserve">Min. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7840" xml:space="preserve">30. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7841" xml:space="preserve">ab occaſu, vel ad horam 0. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7842" xml:space="preserve">Min. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7843" xml:space="preserve">30. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7844" xml:space="preserve">ab ortu, ita vt diſtantia à meridie ſit hor. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7845" xml:space="preserve">6.
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7846" xml:space="preserve">Min. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7847" xml:space="preserve">47. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7848" xml:space="preserve">hoc eſt, grad. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7849" xml:space="preserve">101. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7850" xml:space="preserve">Min. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7851" xml:space="preserve">45. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7852" xml:space="preserve">Fiat vt 100000. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7853" xml:space="preserve">ſinus totus ad 20364. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7854" xml:space="preserve">ſinum complementi di-
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0147-09" xlink:href="note-0147-09a" xml:space="preserve">40</note>
            ſtantiæ Solis à meridie;</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7855" xml:space="preserve">
              <unsure/>
            ita 69743. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7856" xml:space="preserve">medietas rectæ compoſitæ ex ſinu altitudinis meridiane,
              <unsure/>
            & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7857" xml:space="preserve">ſinu
              <lb/>
            depreſſionis meridianæ, ad aliud, inuenieturq; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7858" xml:space="preserve">hic quaſi numerus 14202. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7859" xml:space="preserve">qui ablatus ex 23105.
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7860" xml:space="preserve">differe@@ia inter medietatem prædictam, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7861" xml:space="preserve">ſinum altitudinis meridianæ, (quia Sol in parallelo
              <lb/>
            boreali exiſtens ponitur habere maiorem diſtãtiam à meridie, quà m 6. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7862" xml:space="preserve">hor.) </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7863" xml:space="preserve">relinquit 8903. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7864" xml:space="preserve">ſinũ
              <lb/>
            altitudinis Solis illa hora, atque adeo Solis altitudo complectetur grad. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7865" xml:space="preserve">5. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7866" xml:space="preserve">Min. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7867" xml:space="preserve">7.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7868" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7869" xml:space="preserve">POSTREMO altitudo Solis inuenienda ſit hora 3. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7870" xml:space="preserve">poſt meridiem, vel hora 9. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7871" xml:space="preserve">poſt mediam
              <lb/>
              <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0147-10" xlink:href="note-0147-10a" xml:space="preserve">Exemplũ quar-
                <lb/>
              tum.</note>
            noctem, Sole in principio ♐, vel ♒, exiſte
              <unsure/>
            nte. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7872" xml:space="preserve">Fiat, vt 100000. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7873" xml:space="preserve">ſinus totus ad 70710. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7874" xml:space="preserve">ſinum com-
              <lb/>
            plementi diſtantiæ Solis à meridie, ita 69743. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7875" xml:space="preserve">medietas rectæ compoſitę ex ſinu altitudinis meri-
              <lb/>
            dianæ, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7876" xml:space="preserve">ſinu depreſſionis meridianę, (Erit autem hæc eadem, quę prius, cum ♐, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7877" xml:space="preserve">♒, ſint ſigna
              <lb/>
            oppoſita ſignis ♊, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7878" xml:space="preserve">♌. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7879" xml:space="preserve">Conſtat autẽ ex dictis; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7880" xml:space="preserve">altitudinẽ meridianã vnius ſigni eſſe depreſſionem
              <lb/>
              <note position="left" xlink:label="note-0147-11" xlink:href="note-0147-11a" xml:space="preserve">50</note>
            alterius, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7881" xml:space="preserve">contra.) </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7882" xml:space="preserve">ad aliud, reperieturq́; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7883" xml:space="preserve">propemodũ hic numerus 49315. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7884" xml:space="preserve">à quo ſi auferatur
              <lb/>
            23105. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7885" xml:space="preserve">differentia inter medietatem ptædictam, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7886" xml:space="preserve">ſinum altitudinis meridianæ, (quia Sol in au-
              <lb/>
            ſtrali parallelo ponitur.) </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7887" xml:space="preserve">relinquetur ſinus altitudinis Solis 26210. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7888" xml:space="preserve">cuius arcus grad. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7889" xml:space="preserve">15. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7890" xml:space="preserve">Min. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7891" xml:space="preserve">12.
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7892" xml:space="preserve">dabit Solis altitudinem tunc temporis. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7893" xml:space="preserve">Atq; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7894" xml:space="preserve">ita manifeſte patet ratio, qua ex hora cognita in noti-
              <lb/>
            tiam altitudinis Solis poſſimus peruenire. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7895" xml:space="preserve">Explicemus nunc alteram propoſitionis partem, qua ra
              <lb/>
            tione videlicet ex Solis altitudine cognita horam cognoſcamus; </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7896" xml:space="preserve">quod ita exequemur.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7897" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
          <note position="right" xml:space="preserve">Qua ratione
            <lb/>
          hora ex altitudi
            <lb/>
          ne Solis ſupra
            <lb/>
          Horizontem co
            <lb/>
          gnita reperia-
            <lb/>
          tur.</note>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7898" xml:space="preserve">CVM in eiſdem figuris ſit, vt K λ, medietas rectæ compoſitæ ex ſinu altitudinis meridianę,
              <lb/>
            & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7899" xml:space="preserve">ſinu depreſſionis meridianę, ad λ T, differẽtiam inter T N, ſinum altitudinis Solis, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7900" xml:space="preserve">λ N, dif-
              <lb/>
            ferentiam inter medietatem prędictam, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7901" xml:space="preserve">ſinum altitudinis meridianę, ita K M, ſinus totus ad
              <lb/>
            M R, ſinum complementi diſtantie Solis à meridie: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7902" xml:space="preserve">Si fiat vt medietas rectę compoſitę ex ſinu al-
              <lb/>
              <note position="right" xlink:label="note-0147-13" xlink:href="note-0147-13a" xml:space="preserve">2. ſexti.</note>
            titudinis meridianę, & </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s7903" xml:space="preserve">ſinu depreſſionis meridianę, a differentiam, quam inter ſe habent </s>
          </p>
        </div>
      </text>
    </echo>