Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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    <archimedes>
      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.006732">
                <pb pagenum="501" xlink:href="016/01/150.jpg"/>
              ſanguine, liquoréve vllo alio licet inuenire.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.006733">Sed etſi quarum eſſet elementum, nulli eſſet
                <lb/>
              vſui. </s>
              <s id="s.006734">Neque tamen tria ſunt verè in miſtis
                <lb/>
              elementa, ſed duo tantùm verè, plura verò
                <lb/>
              actionis cœleſtis habita ratione. </s>
              <s id="s.006735">Pingue
                <lb/>
              enim humidum ex aqueo, & ignea pars ex
                <lb/>
              terreo conſtat. </s>
              <s id="s.006736">Quæret forſan aliquis, quid ſit
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg980"/>
                <lb/>
              hoc humidum pingue, de quo toties ſermo­
                <lb/>
              nem habuimus? </s>
              <s id="s.006737">Eſt autem humidum
                <lb/>
              aqueum, quod caloris cœleſtis tamdiu vim
                <lb/>
              ſuſtinuit, vt eum contineat. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.006738">
                <margin.target id="marg967"/>
              Viſcum cur
                <lb/>
              aliis innaſ­
                <lb/>
              catur arbori­
                <lb/>
              bus.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.006739">
                <margin.target id="marg968"/>
              Lincoſtis.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.006740">
                <margin.target id="marg969"/>
              Cupreſſus.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.006741">
                <margin.target id="marg970"/>
              Plantarum
                <lb/>
              duo princi­
                <lb/>
              pia.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.006742">
                <margin.target id="marg971"/>
              Cocceus.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.006743">
                <margin.target id="marg972"/>
              Euxus.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.006744">
                <margin.target id="marg973"/>
              Inſulæ B.
                <lb/>
              Thomæ.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.006745">
                <margin.target id="marg974"/>
              Modus quo
                <lb/>
              plantæ omnes
                <lb/>
              omnibus in
                <lb/>
              locis proue­
                <lb/>
              nire poſſint.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.006746">
                <margin.target id="marg975"/>
              Plantæ om­
                <lb/>
              nss fermà ſuis
                <lb/>
              ramentis
                <lb/>
              gaudent.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.006747">
                <margin.target id="marg976"/>
              Anacardus.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.006748">
                <margin.target id="marg977"/>
              Chryſoco­
                <lb/>
              mos.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.006749">
                <margin.target id="marg978"/>
              Lac Hiſpa­
                <lb/>
              niæ minus
                <lb/>
              habet ſeri,</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.006750">
                <margin.target id="marg979"/>
              Lactis par­
                <lb/>
              tes.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.006751">
                <margin.target id="marg980"/>
              Pingue hu­
                <lb/>
              midum quid
                <lb/>
              ſit.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.006752">Manifeſtum eſt igitur hoc tale eſſe, vt ad
                <lb/>
              animam, & vitam ſit paratum, & ob id
                <lb/>
              etiam nitorem in ſe continet. </s>
              <s id="s.006753">Cùm enim
                <lb/>
              aqua immota quieuerit, calorem concipit, à
                <lb/>
              quo immutatur, & nutritioni, ac generatio­
                <lb/>
              ni plantarum, & animalium apta fit. </s>
              <s id="s.006754">Sed
                <lb/>
              tunc denſior redditur, quia tenuior, vt pin­
                <lb/>
              guedo olei comparatione, oleum lachrymæ
                <lb/>
              arborum. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.006755">Pingue enim lapidum ac metallicorum
                <lb/>
              omnium, ac metallorum, ſimile eſt oleo te­
                <lb/>
              nuiſſimo, ſolidiſſimo, atque pauciſſimo:
                <lb/>
              nec nomen obtinuit apud Græcos, Lati­
                <lb/>
              nóſve, quia incognitum fermè ad hanc vſ­
                <lb/>
              que diem. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.006756">Pingue herbarum & pericardij fru­
                <lb/>
              ctum mucoſus ſuccus: omnis enim ſuc­
                <lb/>
              cus herbarum, & foliorum talis: ſed
                <lb/>
              mucoſum vocamus ſolùm ab excellen­
                <lb/>
              tia, in in quo manifeſta apparet muci ſimi­
                <lb/>
              litudo. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.006757">Pingue autem lignorum lachryma, pin­
                <lb/>
              gue ſeminum oleum, pingue animalium
                <lb/>
              adeps pinguedóve, aut ſeuum. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.006758">Cùm verò homo aliquid excellentius ſit
                <lb/>
              animalibus, illius pinguedinem aliis præ­
                <lb/>
              ſtare veriſimile eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.006759">Nitet autem plena calo­
                <lb/>
              ris temperati vixque ſiccatur, aut abſumi­
                <lb/>
              tur. </s>
              <s id="s.006760">Verùm in tenuiſſimas partes extenditur,
                <lb/>
              æqualis vndique, ac ſibi ſimilis: nec refri­
                <lb/>
              geratur, nec putreſcit, nec ardet, aut vix.
                <lb/>
              </s>
              <s id="s.006761">Vt enim ad ignem metallicus adeps, ita
                <lb/>
              ad febris incendium humanus: neque enim
                <lb/>
              diuiditur. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.006762">In lacte igitur & ouis multa eſt copia
                <lb/>
              pinguis humidi: in hoc quidem, vt ali­
                <lb/>
              menti, in his verò vt ſeminis: quamobrem
                <lb/>
              & hæc vicem alimenti ſubeunt, nam ho­
                <lb/>
              mines & carniuora animalia, oua non ſe­
                <lb/>
              cus, quàm animalia deuorant. </s>
              <s id="s.006763">Sunt igitur
                <lb/>
              in lacte partes plures, quæ coagulatione
                <lb/>
              ſeparantur. </s>
              <s id="s.006764">Coagulatur autem lac à calore
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg981"/>
                <lb/>
              proprietate vlla: nam non viuit, nec à vi­
                <lb/>
              uente re cogitur. </s>
              <s id="s.006765">Calor autem hoc modo
                <lb/>
              lac cogit: dum enim tenuiorem pinguis hu­
                <lb/>
              midi partem reſoluit, reſoluit & vinculum
                <lb/>
              quo pingue humidum aqueo nectitur. </s>
              <s id="s.006766">Ex
                <lb/>
              hoc igitur manifeſtum eſt, quot modis poſ­
                <lb/>
              ſit coagulari: nam vel calore ſolo, dum
                <lb/>
              in ſtanneis vaſis caleſcit, inde vas in frigi­
                <lb/>
              dam mergitur: qui modus eſt ſynceriſſimus:
                <lb/>
              vel admiſto coagulo hœdi, vel ſemine cni­
                <lb/>
              ci, ſerúmque detrahit pituitam, vel lacte
                <lb/>
              ficus, túncque & bilem, & pituitam pur­
                <lb/>
              gat. </s>
              <s id="s.006767">Manifeſtum eſt etiam ex his, quæ
                <lb/>
              nunc dicta ſunt, quòd ab omni plantæ la­
                <lb/>
              cte coagulatur: coagulatur & flore ruben­
                <lb/>
              ti cardui, qui in pappos exire ſolet necnon
                <lb/>
              oxymelite, atque hic modus ſalutaris eſt
                <lb/>
              hominis. </s>
              <s id="s.006768">Mutatur autem ſubſtantia lactis
                <lb/>
              poſt ſanguinem ab alimentis: itaque empta
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg982"/>
                <lb/>
              capra, vel aſina, pabulo poteſt lac effice­
                <lb/>
              re medicamentoſum, ſeu polypodium dede­
                <lb/>
              ris pro nigra bile, ſenam ad omnem humo­
                <lb/>
              rem detrahendum, ſeu agaricum, aut ti­
                <lb/>
              thymalum pro hydropicis, aut fumum ter­
                <lb/>
              ræ, vel lupum ſalictarium ad purgandum
                <lb/>
              ſanguinem, vel mercurialem ac maluam, vt
                <lb/>
              aluum, tantùm exoneres. </s>
              <s id="s.006769">Mutantur enim
                <lb/>
              ( vt dixi ) corpora ex alimentis, atque pri­
                <lb/>
              mùm ſanguis & mores, inde lac & ſemen,
                <lb/>
              ac fœtus, vltimò carnes & vires propriè ſi­
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg983"/>
                <lb/>
              miles præcantationibus. </s>
              <s id="s.006770">Itaque Germani
                <lb/>
              cùm magna ex parte lacte belluarum maxi­
                <lb/>
              mè vaccarum alantur, iracundi ſunt, intre­
                <lb/>
              pidique, atque agreſtes. </s>
              <s id="s.006771">Tauri enim tales
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg984"/>
                <lb/>
              ſunt, qui eodem alimento vtuntur. </s>
              <s id="s.006772">Et Cor­
                <lb/>
              ſicæ inſulæ accolæ cùm catulis paruis non
                <lb/>
              ſolùm cicuribus, ſed etiam agreſtibus veſ­
                <lb/>
              cantur, iracundi ſunt, crudeles, infidi, au­
                <lb/>
              daces, prompti, agiles, robuſti: talis enim
                <lb/>
              eſt natura canum. </s>
              <s id="s.006773">Quòd ſi quis luporum
                <lb/>
              carnibus vtatur & maximè corde, adhuc
                <lb/>
              euadet longè magis ferus & audax, ac perfi­
                <lb/>
              dus. </s>
              <s id="s.006774">Euidentius autem hoc in animalibus,
                <lb/>
              quàm hominibus, & plantis quàm anima­
                <lb/>
              libus, quia non aliunde mutantur. </s>
              <s id="s.006775">Et cùm
                <lb/>
              arbores ab alimento mutentur, magis etiam
                <lb/>
              & frequentius herbæ, lolium in triticum,
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg985"/>
                <lb/>
              & triticum rurſus in lolium, ſimili fermè
                <lb/>
              ratione, qua ex cæcis ac claudis, cæci ac
                <lb/>
              claudi non gignuntur, ſed ſani, & tamen
                <lb/>
              ex ſanis rurſus cæci claudique. </s>
              <s id="s.006776">Robore ſo­
                <lb/>
              li ſoliſque, lolium in triticum tranſit, &
                <lb/>
              imperfecta in ea quæ perfecta ſunt: imbe­
                <lb/>
              cillitate vtriuſque perfecta in obleſa. </s>
              <s id="s.006777">Hanc
                <lb/>
              commutationem pulchrè tuus ô Princeps
                <lb/>
              Poëta expreſſit cùm dixit:
                <lb/>
                <emph type="quote"/>
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Infelix lolium & ſteriles dominantur auenæ.
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
                <emph.end type="quote"/>
              </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.006778">
                <margin.target id="marg981"/>
              Modi coagu­
                <lb/>
              landi lac.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.006779">
                <margin.target id="marg982"/>
              Lac medica­
                <lb/>
              mentoſum.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.006780">
                <margin.target id="marg983"/>
                <expan abbr="Germanorũ">Germanorum</expan>
                <lb/>
              mores.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.006781">
                <margin.target id="marg984"/>
              Corſicorum
                <lb/>
              mores.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.006782">
                <margin.target id="marg985"/>
              Triticum cur
                <lb/>
              in lolium
                <lb/>
              vertatur.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.006783">Tranſit & triticum in ſiliginem, tertio
                <lb/>
                <arrow.to.target n="marg986"/>
                <lb/>
              anno, ſi frigido & humido loco ſeratur. </s>
              <s id="s.006784">Vt
                <lb/>
              noſtra ſiligo pro ſegete eadem antiquæ ſint:
                <lb/>
              licet conſtet tritici quoddam eſſe genus,
                <lb/>
              quod toſellam vocant, craſſius ac rotundius,
                <lb/>
              ex quo panis leuior, ac ſuauior longè fit: ip­
                <lb/>
              ſa verò planta ſine ariſtarum aculeis, vt pro­
                <lb/>
              ximior videatur. </s>
              <s id="s.006785">Sunt qui exiſtiment zeam
                <lb/>
              eſſe ſiliginem, certè ex ea leuiſſimus fit pa­
                <lb/>
              nis. </s>
              <s id="s.006786">Vtut ſit, cùm quædam etiam muten­
                <lb/>
              tur præciſa, vt quercus, quæ nec periit,
                <lb/>
              nec integra renaſcit: ſed plerunque tranſit
                <lb/>
              in quercus humilius genus, nonnunquam
                <lb/>
              in geniſtam multis cauſis hoc contingit. </s>
              <s id="s.006787">Sed
                <lb/>
              tamen inſitæ euidentiùs arbores, cùm ſur­
                <lb/>
              culi alienis tunicis inſeruntur, vt perſicus
                <lb/>
              iuglandi, ferente arbore Perſica parua, vi­
                <lb/>
              ridia, ſubamara, dura, non ſecùs miſta
                <lb/>
              vtriuſque plantæ natura, quàm in mulis aſi­
                <lb/>
              ni & equæ. </s>
              <s id="s.006788">Oportet autemtempora feren­
                <lb/>
              di ſructum, vt etiam in animalibus, fic in
                <lb/>
              plantis conuenire: nam præcox ceraſus, me­
                <lb/>
              ſpilo ſerotinè inſerta, cùm trahit alimentum,
                <lb/>
              ſtipes haud ſuppeditat, cùm ſuppeditat ſur­
                <lb/>
              culus, quod proprium tempus pręterierit non
                <lb/>
              trahit, nempe qui iam refrigeratus ſit, ac fo­
                <lb/>
              lia amiſerit. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.006789">
                <margin.target id="marg986"/>
              Inſerendi
                <lb/>
              ratio.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.006790">Dicunt tamen, vitem inſitam ceraſo vuas
                <lb/>
              præcoces ferre: quod neque ſemper, nec </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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