Agricola, Georgius, De re metallica, 1912/1950

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      <text>
        <body>
          <chap>
            <p type="main">
              <s>
                <pb pagenum="120"/>
              overcame the hardness of the Alps by the use of vinegar and fire. </s>
              <s>Even
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              if a vein is a very wide one, as tin veins usually are, miners excavate into the
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              small streaks, and into those hollows they put dry wood and place amongst
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              them at frequent intervals sticks, all sides of which are shaved down fan­
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              shaped, which easily take light, and when once they have taken fire com­
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              municate it to the other bundles of wood, which easily ignite.</s>
            </p>
            <figure number="56"/>
            <p type="caption">
              <s>A—KINDLED LOGS. B—STICKS SHAVED DOWN FAN-SHAPED. C—TUNNEL.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s>While the heated veins and rock are giving forth a foetid vapour and the
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              shafts or tunnels are emitting fumes, the miners and other workmen do not
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              go down in the mines lest the stench affect their health or actually kill them,
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              as I will explain in greater detail when I come to speak of the evils which
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              affect miners. </s>
              <s>The
                <emph type="italics"/>
              Bergmeister,
                <emph.end type="italics"/>
              in order to prevent workmen from being
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              suffocated, gives no one permission to break veins or rock by fire in shafts or
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              tunnels where it is possible for the poisonous vapour and smoke to permeate
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              the veins or stringers and pass through into the neighbouring mines, which
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              have no hard veins or rock. </s>
              <s>As for that part of a vein or the surface of the
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              rock which the fire has separated from the remaining mass, if it is overhead,
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              the miners dislodge it with a crowbar, or if it still has some degree of hardness,
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              they thrust a smaller crowbar into the cracks and so break it down, but if </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
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