Bernstein, Aaron, Naturwissenschaftliche Volksbücher, Bd. 1/5, 1897

Table of Notes

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          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s109" xml:space="preserve">
              <pb o="7" file="017" n="17"/>
            oben genannten Naturerſcheinungen erklären zu können. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s110" xml:space="preserve">Sehen
              <lb/>
            wir zu, wie dies möglich iſt, indem wir zunächſt erforſchen
              <lb/>
            wollen, was der
              <emph style="sp">Schall</emph>
            iſt, deſſen Weſen am einfachſten zu
              <lb/>
            verſtehen und am beſten erforſcht iſt.</s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s111" xml:space="preserve"/>
          </p>
        </div>
        <div xml:id="echoid-div13" type="section" level="1" n="10">
          <head xml:id="echoid-head16" xml:space="preserve">
            <emph style="bf">1. Der Schall.</emph>
          </head>
          <p>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s112" xml:space="preserve">Genau ähnlich wie dem Waſſer durch eine Erſchütterung
              <lb/>
            eine gleichförmige Wellenbewegung mitgeteilt wird, laſſen ſich
              <lb/>
            auch in der Luft Wellen erzeugen, die uns aber, da ja die Luft vollkommen durchſichtig iſt, unſichtbar bleiben. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s113" xml:space="preserve">Dennoch
              <lb/>
            können wir ſie aber wahrnehmen, und zwar nicht mit den
              <lb/>
            Augen, ſondern mit dem Gehör. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s114" xml:space="preserve">Alles, was wir als Schall
              <lb/>
            bezeichnen, Töne, Klänge, Geräuſche aller Art, ſind nichts
              <lb/>
            anderes als wellenförmige Schwingungen der Luft. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s115" xml:space="preserve">Während
              <lb/>
            nun aber die Waſſerwellen ſich nur auf der Oberfläche des
              <lb/>
            Waſſers zeigen, pflanzen ſich die Luftwellen in allen Rich-
              <lb/>
            tungen des Raumes fort, nach oben, nach unten und nach
              <lb/>
            allen Seiten. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s116" xml:space="preserve">Wir hören den Schall ja ſtets, mag er kommen von
              <lb/>
            wo er will. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s117" xml:space="preserve">Wir hören ihn auch, wenn die eigentliche “Schall-
              <lb/>
            quelle” durch dicke Wände von uns getrennt iſt, wir wiſſen
              <lb/>
            alle, daß man es ſtets — oft zu großem Ärger — hört, wenn
              <lb/>
            in der Wohnung über oder unter uns Klavier geſpielt wird.
              <lb/>
            </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s118" xml:space="preserve">Dadurch unterſcheidet ſich der Schall vom Licht. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s119" xml:space="preserve">Bekanntlich
              <lb/>
            nehmen wir von einer in der Nebenwohnung angezündeten
              <lb/>
            Lampe nicht den geringſten Schimmer wahr: </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s120" xml:space="preserve">der Schall wird
              <lb/>
            eben durch jede Wand “geleitet”, das Licht dagegen vermag
              <lb/>
            nur durch ſehr wenig Subſtanzen (z. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s121" xml:space="preserve">B. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s122" xml:space="preserve">Glas) ungehindert
              <lb/>
            hindurchzugehen. </s>
            <s xml:id="echoid-s123" xml:space="preserve">Wir können ſchon daraus ſchließen, daß die
              <lb/>
              <note symbol="*)" position="foot" xlink:label="note-017-01" xlink:href="note-017-01a" xml:space="preserve">Es muß an dieſer Stelle bemerkt werden, daß der Phyſiker den
                <lb/>
              Begriff der Welle weiter faßt, als er oben beſchrieben wurde, er unter-
                <lb/>
              ſcheidet zwiſchen “longitudinalen” und “transverſalen” Wellenſchwingungen.
                <lb/>
              Doch wurde,
                <emph style="sp">um die Einfachheit der Darſtellung zu wahren</emph>
              ,
                <lb/>
              die obige, nicht ganz genaue Beſchreibung der Schallwellen gewählt.</note>
            </s>
          </p>
        </div>
      </text>
    </echo>
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