Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.007833">
                <pb pagenum="524" xlink:href="016/01/173.jpg"/>
              camelo, vt dixi animali ſolerti, quod diſ­
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              ciplina erudiatur, cum aſini ipſi ad tibiam
                <lb/>
              ſaltent? </s>
              <s id="s.007834">& voce in aurem inſuſurrata con­
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              cidant ſupini ſpontè? </s>
              <s id="s.007835">Clauſis etiam oculis,
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1114"/>
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              inflantur quaſi venenum bibiſſent, nec mi­
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              nis nec verberibus adduci queunt, vt ſur­
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              gere velint. </s>
              <s id="s.007836">Sed blanditiis, adulationibuſ­
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              que, ac ſpe vehendi formoſas mulieres pro­
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              poſita, ſubitò exurgunt alacres: vbi verò
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              audierint vehendas eſſe anus, demiſſis au­
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              ribus claudicant. </s>
              <s id="s.007837">Interroganti etiam an for­
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              moſæ iuuenculæ illis placeant capite an­
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              nuunt. </s>
              <s id="s.007838">Demum etiam formiſſimum in
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              cœtu circumſtantium deligunt. </s>
              <s id="s.007839">Ita parum
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              videtur hic aſinu. </s>
              <s id="s.007840">Ægyptius ab illo Lu­
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              cianico differre. </s>
              <s id="s.007841">Sed tamen vera eſt hi­
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              ſtoria, quam Ioannes Leo Africanus nar­
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              rat, vidiſſe non ſemel in ſuburbio ciuita­
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              tis Chairi nomine, Bebelloch, in quo
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              circulatores fermè ſingulis diebus Veneris
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              ( eſt autem hic feſtus Mahumetanis, vt Iu­
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              dæis ſabbathum, Chriſtianis Dominicus)
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              ac arte magnam ſtipem corradunt. </s>
              <s id="s.007842">Nec
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              adeò res mira videri debet erudire aſinum,
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              nam pars ſenſibilis omnis vſus eſt capax.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.007843">Eſt autem aſinus & ipſe anima ſenſitiua
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              præditus. </s>
              <s id="s.007844">Oſtendit hoc in cheli manus, quæ
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              tot diuerſis modis abſque vlla cogitatione
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              propter ſolum vſum mouetur. </s>
              <s id="s.007845">Quomodo au­
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              tem ſenſim ad hoc perueniant, tum ex his
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              quæ de camelo nuper dicta ſunt, tum
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              quæ de cane inferiùs docebuntur, intellige­
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              re licet. </s>
              <s id="s.007846">Conſtat autem tota hæc ars eru­
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              diendorum animalium in duobus, vſu &
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              actionum concurſu. </s>
              <s id="s.007847">Itaque conſtat anima­
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              lia ſolipeda prudentiora eſſe biſulcis, atque
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              inter ſolipeda, biſulcaque camelum eſſe
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              præſtantiſſimum. </s>
              <s id="s.007848">Vnde meritò quis dubita­
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              bit, quodnam perfectius animal dici de­
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              beat, canis an camelus. </s>
              <s id="s.007849">Equidem ſi ad vitæ
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              longitudinem reſpicimus, camelus proxi­
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              mior eſt homini quàm canis: nam came­
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              lus centum quandoque annis viuit, canum
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              vita vigeſimo anno terminatur: vnde Ho­
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              merus rectè finxiſſe exiſtimatur canem
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              Vlyſſis extremo anno mori. </s>
              <s id="s.007850">Verùm vt ca­
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              melus rarò ſexageſimum, ita canis rariùs
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              quartum decimum ſuperat annum. </s>
              <s id="s.007851">Cameli
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              quoque muſica delectantur, canes minimè.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.007852">Sed canes capaciores ſunt diſciplinæ. </s>
              <s id="s.007853">Dixe­
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              rim igitur cameli humidum eſſe pinguius,
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              canis autem ſubſtantiam eſſe tenuiorem,
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              hiſque de cauſis alterum altero viciſſim ho­
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              mini propiorem eſſe. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007854">
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              Veruecum
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              candæ
                <expan abbr="immẽ-ſi">immen­
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                ſi</expan>
              ponderis.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007855">
                <margin.target id="marg1105"/>
              Verueces
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              cum quatuor
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              cornibus.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007856">
                <margin.target id="marg1106"/>
              Aries cum
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              vno cornu in
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              medio
                <expan abbr="ſrõtis">ſrontis</expan>
              .</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007857">
                <margin.target id="marg1107"/>
              Neronis En­
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              comium.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007858">
                <margin.target id="marg1108"/>
              Aſinus cur
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              ſtupidus.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.007859">Aſini cur
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              bibendo pa­
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              rùm mer­
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              gant os.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007860">
                <margin.target id="marg1109"/>
              Equi.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007861">
                <margin.target id="marg1110"/>
              Onagri.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007862">
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              Biſontes.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007863">
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              Camelus.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007864">
                <margin.target id="marg1113"/>
              Extenuatio­
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              nis ratio.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.007865">
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              Afinorum
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              mira diſci­
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              plina.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.007866">Sed adhuc dubitatio alia emergit: quo­
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              niam camelus videtur hominum cauſa, non
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              ſuiipſius, vel magis ſaltem factus, quod ta­
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              men falſum eſſe nemo dubitat, qui quæ à
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              nobis inferiùs ſcripta ſunt, legit: attamen ſic
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              prorſus eſſe videtur. </s>
              <s id="s.007867">Nam quorſum in ter­
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              go gibba illa, niſi ad pondera ſuſtinenda?
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              </s>
              <s id="s.007868">quorſum quatuor genua, cùm equus & aſi­
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              nus duo tantùm habeant, & boues & cer­
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              ui? </s>
              <s id="s.007869">nam cameli crura poſteriora anterius
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              flectuntur, ſinuanturque poſterius vt homi­
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              num crura, & anteriora equorum: quor­
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              ſumque tuber illud cui inſiſtit, dum in ge­
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              nua flectitur inferius poſitum? </s>
              <s id="s.007870">niſi vt cùm
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              prælongis eſſet cruribus, poſſet flecti in ge­
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              nua, tandiuque manere donec onus excipe­
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              ret? </s>
              <s id="s.007871">Itaque camelus & canis ob conuictus
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              facilitatem, ſi modò aliquod animal homi­
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              nis cauſa factum eſt, geniti videntur illius
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              cauſa. </s>
              <s id="s.007872">Sed tamen ( vt dixi ) abſurdum eſt
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              talia credere: melius igitur eſt, vt exiſtime­
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              mus camalo gibbam eſſe factam, quòd cùm
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              animal eſſet vitam in ſolitudine ducens, lo­
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              cus is humore repletus ad ſitim famemque
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              ſuſtinendam plurimum conferret. </s>
              <s id="s.007873">Indicio
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              eſt quòd etiam hominibus gibbus ex hu­
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              more crudo aduenire ſoleat: quodque, vt di­
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              ctum eſt, dum conficitur labore, inedia, ſiti­
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              que, ea primùm in parte extenuetur. </s>
              <s id="s.007874">Cauſa
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              verò genuum & anterioris gibbi ſeu infe­
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              rioris fuit, quòd cum habiturus eſſet crura
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              gracilia longaque & longum iter agere co­
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              geretur, hoc animal in aridis atque incul­
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              tis locis viuens quærendi cibi potuſque
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              cauſa, quiete indiguit, quam ob crurum
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              longitudinem ſternendo vt aſini equique
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              tutò aſſequi non poterat: ob id igitur in
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              genua & tuber inferius recumbens quieſ­
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              cit. </s>
              <s id="s.007875">Talis eſt huic animali ſitus, qualis ho­
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              mini cum ſedet. </s>
              <s id="s.007876">Non igitur hominis gratia
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              hæc facta ſunt, ſed cameli: nimis enim
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              oportuit naturam eſſe ſollicitam, ſi ob tam
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              breue tempus ſuſcipiendi oneris, tot tanta­
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              que in hoc animali molita fuiſſet, cùm
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              etiam homo ipſe prudentia, ſcabellis, ſca­
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              lis, aliiſque modis altitudinis incommodo
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              ſatisfacere potuiſſet. </s>
              <s id="s.007877">Formæ igitur animali­
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              bus propriæ, proprij etiam commodi cauſa
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              ſunt. </s>
              <s id="s.007878">Verùm dicet quiſpiam: Cur omnia
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              hæc animalia præſtantiſſima formam ha­
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              bent longè ab aliis diſſimilem? </s>
              <s id="s.007879">vt, homo,
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              elephas, camelus, crocodilus, & delphin
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              inter piſces. </s>
              <s id="s.007880">Conſtat enim abſque dubio hæc
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              eſſe animalium nobiliſſima, ſi modò homo
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              animal mereatur appellari. </s>
              <s id="s.007881">Cauſa huius tri­
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              plex eſt: prima quidem, quòd oporteret ani­
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              malia hæc eſſe longæua, ſi deberent eſſe per­
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              fecta: quare humido pingui multumque
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1116"/>
                <lb/>
              permixto prædita. </s>
              <s id="s.007882">Non igitur vires aſſequi
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              ex temperamento poterant, indigebant au­
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              tem viribus, quamobrem forma exquiſita
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              opus fuit. </s>
              <s id="s.007883">Secunda cauſa eſt, quia extre­
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              mum plus à medio diſtat, quàm media in­
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              ter ſe: duplum enim medij, aut maius du­
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              plo eſt extremum: perfectiſſimum autem
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              extremum eſt, ob id plurimùm ab aliis di­
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              ſtat, atque obid peculiarem formam habe­
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              re videtur. </s>
              <s id="s.007884">Tertia, quoniam perfectiſſima
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              animalia multorum generum colligunt vti­
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              litates, ob id quaſi in medio illorum conſti­
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              tuta videntur, quamobrem & formam ſibi
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              propriam, Nam camelus medius videtur in­
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              ter biſulca, ſolipedaque, abſque cornibus
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              etiam cornutis ſimillimus: gibbam præter
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              id propriam habet. </s>
              <s id="s.007885">Homo inter bipeda
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              quadrupedaque, glaber tamen eſt, atque
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              hoc ei proprium non ab alio animali ſum­
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              ptum, niſi ſerpentes, aut piſces adducas, à
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              quorum natura vel plurimum abeſt, vel om­
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              nium naturam induit, vtpote omnium etiam
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              particeps. </s>
              <s id="s.007886">Crocodilus medius inter piſces &
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              quadrupeda lacertaſque. </s>
              <s id="s.007887">Proprium habet vt
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              maxillam ſuperiorem moueat, inferiorem
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              habeat firmam. </s>
              <s id="s.007888">Elephas medius inter cor­
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              nua animalia, carentiaque cornibus, digitos
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              habentia in pedibus, & ſolipeda, propriam </s>
            </p>
          </chap>
        </body>
      </text>
    </archimedes>
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