Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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              <s id="s.008039">
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              cubitorum promuſcidis imo alligare, cùm
                <lb/>
              quo hoſtes occideret. </s>
              <s id="s.008040">Solet enim ſola vo­
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              ce rectoris monitus noſcere, quos ferire
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              debeat, & à quibus debeat abſtinere.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.008041">Tantum verò etiam corpori ineſt robo­
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              ris, vt duo ex his iuncti nauem maximam
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              onuſtam in terram trahant. </s>
              <s id="s.008042">Olim quoque
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              & nunc Indi ſolent duabus catenis ferreis
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              circumligatis ſub ventre duas addere cli­
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              tellas alteram hincinde, illiſque ligneum
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              ſuperimponere caſtellum, in quibus ſeni
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              homines erecti, & quandoque etiam vſ­
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              que ad quatuordecim, pugnantes omni
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              telorum genere, ſtant. </s>
              <s id="s.008043">Sed nunc ob tor­
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              menta bellica euiluit id pugnæ genus, tum
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              maximè quòd elephantes ignem formi­
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              dant: ideoque aduerſus illos Indi faces
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              ferre ſolent, à quibus adeò terrentur, vt
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              longè plus mali fugiendo ſuis, quàm ho­
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              ſtibus pugnando inferant. </s>
              <s id="s.008044">Fœminæ ira­
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              cundiores ſunt, ac ſæuiores, robuſtioreſ­
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              que maſculis, licet corpore minores. </s>
              <s id="s.008045">Et,
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              quòd mirum eſt, cùm tam tardè ad iu­
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              uentutem perueniant, à duodecimo tamen
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              anno geſtare fœtum, cùm celerrimè: à de­
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              cimoquinto, cùm tardiſſimè incipiunt: fe­
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              runt autem toto biennio. </s>
              <s id="s.008046">Similiter maſculus
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              quinto anno Venere vti incipit, coitque ve­
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              re, nec niſi ſingulo triennio redit ad Ve­
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              nerem: & quàm ſemel grauidam relique­
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              rit, inire ampliùs non ſuſtinet. </s>
              <s id="s.008047">Catulus
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              ipſe cùm naſcitur trimeſtrem vitulum æ­
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              quat: cumque ambulat adeò gradatim pro­
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              greditur, vt mula edocta, aut aſturco vi­
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              deatur. </s>
              <s id="s.008048">Grandiores autem adeò molliter in­
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              cedunt, vt velut nauigantibus per mare,
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              his qui non aſſueti inſederint, aut in li­
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              gneis caſtellis vehuntur, nausea commo­
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              ueatur propter corporis magnitudinem.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.008049">Licet leniter incedat: homo greſſu conci­
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              tato vix eum aſſequi poteſt. </s>
              <s id="s.008050">Cibum maxi­
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              mum capiunt & potum, ſupra quàm cre­
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              di poteſt. </s>
              <s id="s.008051">Regionibus frigidioribus alunt
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              eos frumento cocto & melle, vt cœli in­
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              iuriam ſuſtinere poſſint: in propriis autem
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              regionibus, herbis & ramis tum fructibus
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              veſcuntur: vnde arbores ob id proſter­
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              nunt: habitant locis paluſtribus, atque
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              limoſis, regionibuſque calidis. </s>
              <s id="s.008052">Sunt cupidi
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              gloriæ: & quæ diſcunt die, ſolent nocte
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              meditari. </s>
              <s id="s.008053">Ferunt aprorum vocem formare,
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              vt ab equis formidantur. </s>
              <s id="s.008054">Sed hunc quem
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              hîc vidimus adeò non formidare equi vi­
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              debantur, vt mulæ alioquin timidiſſimæ ad
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              eum ſpontè accederent: quamobrem de ira­
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              tis elephantis & in pugna, ac de voce ip­
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              ſa eius, id intelligendum eſſe reor. </s>
              <s id="s.008055">Pro­
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              boſcidi
                <expan abbr="tantã">tantam</expan>
              facilitas tractandi, vt etiam
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              ſtipem colligat: vnde illud Auguſti ada­
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              gium, Tanquam ſtipem
                <expan abbr="elephãto">elephanto</expan>
              porrectu­
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              rus: conſtringit enim eam in imo vt libet,
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              parteſque alias extendit, alias contrahit,
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              vt non melius digitis homo quicquam ap­
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              prehendat. </s>
              <s id="s.008056">Precioſiſſima in illis ſunt, den­
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              tes hi qui prominent, & virga, apud In­
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              dos etiam, vt maximi veneat, neſcio in
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              quem vſum niſi ob Venerem, ideoque ex­
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              petita regibus. </s>
              <s id="s.008057">Dentes verò ipſi, quia ex
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              his ebur optimum conſtat, nam ex om­
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              nibus elephantorum oſſibus fit: ſed præci­
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              puum ex his dentibus, viliſſimum ex oſſi­
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              bus: medium eſt, quod ex dentibus mola­
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              ribus. </s>
              <s id="s.008058">Omne ebur tenax eſt, ſolidum &
                <expan abbr="cã-didum">can­
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                didum</expan>
              , ideoque ad pectines nihil melius.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.008059">Nobilitas illi tanta: vt inter gemmas & au­
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              rum ſedeat, quamvis copia viliorem effice­
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              re deberet. </s>
              <s id="s.008060">Seruatur oleo, vel aqua, aliter
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              ſiccatur: ſiccatum primò nitorem amittit,
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              inde exeditur, demum etiam frangitur. </s>
              <s id="s.008061">De­
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              fenditur igitur ab aëris iniuria vapore olei,
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              aut aquæ. </s>
              <s id="s.008062">Iuuenculis candidiores & mollio­
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              res, vt in omni animalium genere dentes:
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              ſenibus grandiores, duriores, ſicciores, ni­
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              griores: optimi ad opera quæque in adui­
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              tis. </s>
              <s id="s.008063">Incertum eſt an mutentur dentes hi:
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              ſed ſi mutantur, ſemel omninò tantùm
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              mutari neceſſe eſt: ob id nata diſputatio
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              inter Pauſaniam & Philoſtratum: Pauſa­
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              nias cornua, Philoſtratus dentes eſſe con­
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              tendit: diſputatio ſanè pulchra, ſed more
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              Græcorum, maximeque oratorum, inutilis.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.008064">Iuba & Pauſanias cornua eſſe aiunt. </s>
              <s id="s.008065">Pri­
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              mùm dicit Iuba, cornua nunquam mu­
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              tantur, vt in bobus, & capris: dentes mu­
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              tantur. </s>
              <s id="s.008066">Elephantorum dentes non mutan­
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              tur non igitur ſunt dentes, ſed potius cor­
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              nua. </s>
              <s id="s.008067">Pauſanias aſſumpto contrario idem
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              concludit, inquit enim: Cornua mutantur,
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              vt in ceruis: maiores dentes nunquam, ne­
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              que enim apris hi qui prominent mutantur:
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              at dentes elephantorum mutantur: non igitur
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              dentes elephantorum, dentes ſunt, ſed potius
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              cornua. </s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008068">
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              Ebur quid
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              ſit, etiam
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              quot gene­
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              rum.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.008069">Ebur quomo­
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              do ſeruetur.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="margin">
              <s id="s.008070">
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              Pauſanie &
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              Philoſtrati
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              diſputatio de
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              dentibus ele­
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              phantorum.</s>
            </p>
            <p type="main">
              <s id="s.008071">Dentes quoque è mandibulis naſcuntur,
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              cornua ex temporibus: at elephantorum
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              dentes ex temporibus naſcuntur, non ex
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              mandibulis, hocque vidiſſe in elephanti
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              caluaria affirmat Pauſanias. </s>
              <s id="s.008072">Deinde dentes,
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              qui fulmina in apro vocantur, in mandibu­
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              la inferiore naſcuntur: at in elephanto pa­
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              làm eſt, ſi modò ex mandibula oriantur, ex
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              ſuperiore oriri. </s>
              <s id="s.008073">Elephas quoque exacuere il­
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              los ſolet, vt tauri cornua, quod in dentibus
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              inſuetum eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.008074">Denique elephantorum den­
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              tes igne molliuntur & diriguntur, quod
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              proprium eſt cornibus: nam dentes potius
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              vruntur ab igne, quàm molliantur. </s>
              <s id="s.008075">His
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              quinque rationibus tum Iuba, tum Pauſa­
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              nias vtuntur, ad demonſtrandum, elephanti
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              dentes, dentes non meritò appellari debe­
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              re, ſed cornua potius. </s>
              <s id="s.008076">Nos quoque duas ra­
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              tiones firmiores adiicimus. </s>
              <s id="s.008077">Primum, quòd
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              elephantorum dentes teretes ſunt, exacte­
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              que rotundi, abſque acie, quòd cornibus
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              proprium eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.008078">Nam dentes omnes mucrona­
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              ti ſunt, vt apri, & canum atque aliorum om­
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              nium. </s>
              <s id="s.008079">Elephas etiam dentibus ( vt dictum
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              eſt caret in anteriore parte, non ſolùm ſu­
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              periore mandibula, ſed inferiore etiam, quòd
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              proprium eſt ſolùm cornigeris animalibus.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.008080">
                <expan abbr="Elephãti">Elephanti</expan>
              igitur cornua illa erunt. </s>
              <s id="s.008081">Philoſtra­
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              tus autem tres adducit rationes, ad demon­
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              ſtrandum quòd hi dentes ſint, non cornua.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.008082">Primam quòd cornibus iuxta annorum nu­
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              merum circuli quidam innaſcuntur in radi­
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              ce, vt in bobus, ac capris: dentibus nihil,
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              ſed ſunt vndique leues, nec annorum nu­
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              mero quicquam accedit præter magnitudi­
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              nem: at elephantorum dentes tales ſunt ſci­
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              licet leues & abſque circulis. </s>
              <s id="s.008083">Hi etiam ſolidi </s>
            </p>
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