Cardano, Girolamo, De subtilitate, 1663

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              <s id="s.008120">
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              ſit roboris, & fortitudinis. </s>
              <s id="s.008121">Dentes igitur
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              illos antè finxit, vſque eſſent robuſtiſſimi &
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              commodi, non iam mandibulæ inferiori,
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                <arrow.to.target n="marg1128"/>
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              imò nec ſuperiori, ſed temporibus inſeruit.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.008122">Nam mandibula inferior ſola edendo mo­
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              uetur, dentes ſuperiores nunquam: quam­
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              vis plurimi hoc nec in ſeipſis animaduer­
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              tant. </s>
              <s id="s.008123">Si igitur dentes in inferiori mandibu­
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              la fuiſſent inſiti, robur ob illius paruitatem
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              habere non potuiſſent, & periculum luxa­
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              tionis in magno niſu attuliſſent, & come­
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              dendo mirum in modum fatigaſſent, &
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              tardaſſent elephantem. </s>
              <s id="s.008124">At quia materia den­
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              tium opus erat ad tam prægrandes dentes
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              fingendos, ſuſtulit dentes omnes anterio­
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              res tam ſuperiores, quàm inferiores, vt ex
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              his illos conficeret. </s>
              <s id="s.008125">At dentibus illis impe­
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              diebatur, ne os in terram exporrigere poſ­
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              ſet, ſimul ac breuitate colli: & quia denti­
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              bus anterioribus careret, ob id neque ci­
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              bum ex terra, neque potum è fontibus
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              haurire poterat: his omnibus longa ipſa
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              proboſcide, & inani, & admodum manus
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              comprehendente omnia, tum firmiſſimo
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              corio & neruis, tum vinculis & cartila­
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              ginibus ſucurrit, effecitque ob id vt con­
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              traheretur ad libitum, vel extenderetur, vel
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              circumuolueretur vndequaque: vnde illa &
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              cauda muſcas, & crabrones elidit. </s>
              <s id="s.008126">Sed cùm
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              ibi maior copia ſit harum infelicitatum,
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              quam vt cauda, vel proboſcide poſſit omnes
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              excutere ſimul
                <expan abbr="etiã">etiam</expan>
              propter loca
                <expan abbr="quædã">quædam</expan>
              , quæ
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              neque cauda, neque proboſcis commodè po­
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              teſt attingere, his incommodis duobus mo­
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              dis natura ſecurrit: primùm cute, cancella­
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              ta, qua illa comprehenſas collideret: ſecun­
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              dum, vt cutis eſſet duriſſima, atque craſſiſ­
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              ma, quod etiam ad arcendas iniurias aëris,
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              & ad ſecuritatem tum leonum, tum aliarum
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              grandiorum ferarum fuit non ſolùm vtiliſ­
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              ſimum, ſed etiam neceſſarium. </s>
              <s id="s.008127">Quo fa­
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              ctum eſt, vt tanta & tam dura cute non
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              fuerit commodum edere pilos: nam mate­
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              ria pilorum in cutem tranſlata duriorem
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              illam efficit, & minus etiam erant pili ob
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              id neceſſarij: qui tamen ſi adfuiſſent, ma­
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              gnum incommodum attuliſſent in aquis, &
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              paludibus verſanti. </s>
              <s id="s.008128">Vnde ſic ſemel excuſſo
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              tergore, totus nitet, & celerrimè ſicceſcit.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.008129">At cùm lingua ſit ob dentes, elephas autem
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              dentibus anterioribus careat, lingua parua
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              & intus recondita opus fuit, quoniam den­
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              tibus molaribus inſeruire debuit. </s>
              <s id="s.008130">Simul ſi
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              magna fuſſet impedimentum afferret ne
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              proboſcis cibum, vſque ad dentes molares
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              porrigeret. </s>
              <s id="s.008131">Sed quia opus erat ad vitæ lon­
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              gitudinem, vt optimè cibos manderet, qui
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              cùm ab anterioribus dentibus, quibus caret
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              diſſecari non poſſent, molares adeò robu­
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              ſtos, & tam commodè fabricauit, vt que­
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              madmodum teſtatur Ariſtoteles, cibum om­
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              nem confeſtim redigat in farinam. </s>
              <s id="s.008132">Simul
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              etiam conſuluit, vt diu geſtaretur catulus
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              in vtero, tum propter vitæ longitudinem,
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              tum etiam ipſius vitæ longitudo cauſa fuit,
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              vt quamvis biennio fœmina in vtero ferat,
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              multos tamen poſſit generare. </s>
              <s id="s.008133">Neque enim
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              vllum animal quod parum in ventre ma­
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              tris geſtetur, longæ vitæ eſſe poteſt. </s>
              <s id="s.008134">Ocu­
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              lorum paruitas fuit, vt cum non recondi
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              poſſent, tutioies forent ab ictibus. </s>
              <s id="s.008135">Recondi
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              non poterant, quia à lateribus poſiti non
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              vidiſſent ea, quæ antè occurrerent: neceſſa­
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              rium fuit autem eſſe à lateribus, ne ob ni­
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              xum dentium & proboſcidis propinquita­
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              tem læderentur, atque ita animal ante ſe­
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              nium cæcum efficeretur, tum maximè quia
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              longiſſimæ vitæ futurum erat. </s>
              <s id="s.008136">Cumque ob
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              robur, ac dentes caput magnum efficere
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              cogeretur, informe, vt ita dicam, & ſine ro­
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              tunditate efficit: qualiſcunque enim additio
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              ad ornamentum facta capiti, ipſum in im­
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              menſum auxiſſet: ob id valde deforme ca­
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              put habent elephantes. </s>
              <s id="s.008137">Diximus de illius vi­
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              tæ longitudine ac ſecuritate, quæ etiam
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              cum ſummo robore coniuncta ſunt. </s>
              <s id="s.008138">Sapien­
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              tia verò ex temperamento procedit, vitæ
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              diuturnitate augetur & confirmatur. </s>
              <s id="s.008139">Vnde
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              ſenes ſapientiores, & qui ex eis naſcuntur.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.008140">Et nullum animal breuis vitæ valde ſapiens
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              eſſe poteſt. </s>
              <s id="s.008141">Vnde ſapientiſſima animalia
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              ſunt, camelus elephas & homo. </s>
              <s id="s.008142">Sed & ea­
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              dem omnibus aliis longitudine præſtant. </s>
              <s id="s.008143">De
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              ſapientia loquor, quæ ex habitu acquiritur,
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              non quæ ingenita eſt, qua etiam inſecta
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              prædita ſunt. </s>
              <s id="s.008144">Ex ſapientia verò probitas
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              procedit: hoc enim demonſtratum eſt à no­
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              bis in libris de Sapientia. </s>
              <s id="s.008145">Sed & ab eiſdem
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              cauſis, vt dixi, ex quibus vitæ longitudo &
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              ſapientia ipſa. </s>
              <s id="s.008146">Vt verò felix eſſet probi­
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              tate ac ſapientia conſultum eſt: ſimul etiam
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              vt eſſet gregale, quod etiam ad ſecuritatem
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              multum conducit. </s>
              <s id="s.008147">Soliuaga enim animalia
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              omnia ſunt infeliciſſima: omnis enim feli­
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              citas, quæ eſt præter contemplationem,
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              conſuetudine habetur, qua charos noſtros
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              tuemur & fouemus, & ab illis mutuò coli­
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              mur. </s>
              <s id="s.008148">Itaque iam manifeſtum eſt, cur ele­
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              phantem ſimul maximum, robuſtiſſimum,
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              longæuiſſimum, ſapientiſſimum, manſuetiſ­
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              ſimum, ſecuriſſimum, & feliciſſimum om­
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              nium belluarum natura crearit, quoniam
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              ſcilicet quinque ex his partes erant ſummæ
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              perfectionis ad imitationem illius ſummæ,
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              quæ in Deo eſt: reliqua duo ad illa quinque
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              neceſſaria erant. </s>
              <s id="s.008149">Ex quo patet, hominem
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              ipſum eſſe alterius generis ab omni bellua­
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              rum natura diſiunctum, immortaleque quip­
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              piam: nam vltimam perfectionem, quæ ex
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              mortali materia confici poterat, natura ele­
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              phanto largita eſt. </s>
              <s id="s.008150">Videtur autem hoc ani­
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              mal cum ſue aliquid habere ſimilitudinis,
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              cauda, proboſcide, cute, temperamento &
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              moribus: irritatum enim efferum eſt, aliàs
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              mite: & ſues ipſi gregatim incedunt, & loca
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              paluſtria diligunt, & oculos habent paruos.
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              </s>
              <s id="s.008151">Cæterùm ſues biſidam habent vngulam, ele­
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              phantes
                <expan abbr="quinq;">quinque</expan>
              digitos haud diuiſos, ſed ſo­
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              lùm leuiter diſcretos. </s>
              <s id="s.008152">Carent & dentibus an­
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              terioribus
                <expan abbr="elephãtes">elephantes</expan>
              , ſues habent & fulmina
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              etiam in inferiore maxilla, non in ſuperio­
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              re, neque in temporibus. </s>
              <s id="s.008153">Gerit hoc animal
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              inimicitias maximas cum Rhinocerote:
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              hic eſt Indicus taurus. </s>
              <s id="s.008154">Corpus habet ele­
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              phanti fermè magnitudine, cruribus bre­
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              uioribus, colore buxeo. </s>
              <s id="s.008155">totus teſtis qui­
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              buſdam in modum clypei armatus eſt à
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              natura. </s>
              <s id="s.008156">In maris extremo iuxta nominis </s>
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